Pharmacology

3550.8 A 75-year-old woman presents with a fever, altered mental status, seizures, and nuchal rigidity. A lumbar puncture is performed, and the cerebrospinal fluid shows gram-positive bacilli that are β-hemolytic and have a tumbling motility. Which of the following medications is the treatment of choice for this patient's meningitis?

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3883.10 A 30-year-old man is traveling for a skiing vacation. Several hours after his arrival, he feels acutely ill and complains of a severe headache and intractable nausea. At the local hospital, his vital signs are: Temperature: 99.3°F (37.4°C) Blood pressure: 114/74 mm Hg Heart rate: 86 Respiratory rate: 22 Cardiac examination demonstrates normal heart sounds with slightly elevated rate and normal rhythm. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally and free of wheezes, crackles, or rales. His arterial blood gas results are remarkable for: pH: 7.53 Bicarbonate: 22 mEq/L Partial pressure of carbon dioxide: 25 mm Hg Appropriate treatment is initiated. Which of the following mechanisms most likely describes the action of the pharmacologic agent that should be administered to this patient to help resolve his symptoms?

in Colorado

2476.19 A 19-year-old man, employed as a construction worker, comes to his primary care physician with a 6-month history of acne vulgaris that has only mildly improved with a strict face-washing regimen and topical antibiotics. Physical examination reveals numerous papules and pustules with surrounding erythema on the face, back, and chest. The doctor prescribes an oral antibiotic that is commonly used for treatment of acne in similar patients. The patient agrees to take the medication as prescribed and continues his routine of working long shifts on the construction site. Four days after he starts taking the prescribed medication, severe blistering develops over his face, the back of his neck, and the backs of his hands. He returns to the physician in a panic. What is the mechanism of action of the antibiotic that was most likely prescribed for this patient?

in Southern California

3626.10 A 27-year-old woman comes to a medical clinic because of diarrhea, weakness, and watery eyes. She has a history of anxiety that was previously treated with sertraline. She discontinued the medication 2 months ago because she thought she no longer needed it. She first noticed her symptoms yesterday after work. She works on a farm, mainly in the fields harvesting produce. She is afebrile; her blood pressure is 132/84 mm Hg and pulse is 59/min. On physical exam, the physician notes abrasions on the dorsal surface of both hands. The patient attributes the abrasions to using her bare hands to grab produce since losing her work gloves. Which of the following is the most appropriate therapy for this patient?

in a rural area

2504.21 A 56-year-old man presents to the emergency department several hours after being stabbed in his right shoulder. His medical history is significant only for hypertension managed with lisinopril. Vital signs are blood pressure of 155/95 mm Hg, heart rate of 110, respiratory rate of 21, and temperature of 101.4°F (38.5°C) On physical examination, the patient's right shoulder is found ot be erythematous, swollen, and tender to palpation; and crackles are heard when the area around the wound is palpated. He is admitted to the hospital. After tissue debridement has been done and intravenous administration of antibiotics has been initiated, the wound begins to heal. On day 5 of hospitalization, the patient develops a fever, a dramatic increase in WBC count, and profuse watery diarrhea. Which of the following is the mechanism of action of the medication most likely used to treat this individual's watery diarrhea?

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