Pharmacology Unit Quiz 4
Match the following anesthetic agents: 1. Halothane(Fluothane) 2. Enflurane(Ethrane) 3. Isoflurane(Forane) 4. Nitrous Oxide 5. Thiopental Sodium (Pentothal) 6. Methohexital sodium(Brevital) 7. Diazepam 8. Midazolam 9. Fentanyl 10. Etomidate(Amidate) 11. Ketamine Hydrochloride (Ketalar) 12. Propofol (Diprivan) 13. Novacain 14. Xylocaine 15. Carbocaine 16. Marcaine Choices: A. Inhalation liquids B. Inhalation gas C. Intravenous barbituates D. benzodiazepines E. Intravenous general anesthetics F. local anesthetic
1. Halothane(Fluothane)=A 2. Enflurane(Ethrane)=A 3. Isoflurane(Forane)=A 4. Nitrous Oxide=B 5. Thiopental Sodium (Pentothal)=C 6. Methohexital sodium(Brevital)=C 7. Diazepam=D 8. Midazolam=D 9. Fentanyl=E 10. Etomidate(Amidate)=E 11. Ketamine Hydrochloride (Ketalar)=E 12. Propofol (Diprivan)=E 13. Novacain=F 14. Xylocaine=F 15. Carbocaine=F 16. Marcaine=F
Discuss the use of cholinergic agents across the lifespan.
Children and older adults are more susceptible to the adverse effects of the drug. Children may experience GI upset, diarrhea, and loss of bladder and bowel control. Adults may experience symptoms of dizziness and drowsiness, and should be encouraged to avoid driving and operating machinery due to blurred vision. Older adults should start on a lower dose and be monitored closely for potential arrhythmias and hypotension.
List the most common adverse effects that results from the drugs used to treat generalized seizures.
Depression, lethargy, drowsiness, fatigue, confusion, dry mouth, constipation, anorexia, cardiac arrhythmias, urinary retention, changes in blood pressure, and loss of libido.
Discuss the use of anticholinergic agents across the lifespan.
Most often used in children; they may be more sensitive to the side effects of the drug such as: urinary retention, constipation, heat intolerance, and confusion. Children should be closely monitored. Adults should void before taking the medication to reduce the likelihood of urinary retention. They should drink plenty of fluids and avoid hot temperatures. Operating machinery and driving should be avoided to the adverse effect of blurred vision. Older adults are also more susceptible to the adverse effects of the medication. Because of decreased temperature regulation, they should be extremely careful o avoid hot temperatures.
Explain why SSRIs often are a better choice for treating depression.
SSRIS lack many of the adverse effects of MAOIs; they are relatively safe and nontoxic.
Which system uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter? a. Cholinergic b. Dopaminergic c. GABA-ergic d. Serotonergic
a. Cholinergic
A 72-year-old female patient is being discharged home from the hospital on newly prescribed anticholinergic drugs. A referral to the home health nurse has been made. What should the home health nurse make sure the patient and caregivers know? a. Do not drive or use machinery b. Take lots of hot baths and showers c. limit fluid intake d. There is a decreased risk of heat stroke
a. Do not drive or use machinery
Which of the following drugs is an adrenergic blocker that may be used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy? a. Tamsulosin b. Prazosin c. Carteolol d. Amiodarone
a. Tamsulosin
Drugs that mimic acetylcholine are called: a. cholinergics b. anticholinergics c. adrenergics d. adrenergic blockers
a. cholinergics
Anticholinergics for parkinsonism are used during which stage of the disorder? a. early b. intermediate c. late d. b and c
a. early
A patient is receiving an antidepressant that also aids in smoking cessation, Which drug would this most likely be? a. Venlafaxine b. Bupropion c. Mirtazapine d. Selegiline
b. Bupropion
What does parasympathetic nervous system blockade cause? (Mark all that apply.) a. Decrease in heart rate b. Decrease in urinary bladder tone c. Increase in heart rate d. Pupil contraction e. Decrease in GI activity
b. Decrease in urinary bladder tone c. Increase in heart rate e. Decrease in GI activity
Which benzodiazepine would a nurse expect to administer as a hypnotic? a. Lorazepam b. Flurazepam c. Diazepam d. Alprazolam
b. Flurazepam
Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that a patient is experiencing withdrawal symptoms associated with benzodiazepine use? a. Dry mouth b. Nightmares c. Hypotension d. Urinary retention
b. Nightmares
You are the nurse in a respiratory clinic. The mother of a 10-year-old brings her child to the clinic for his asthma and the physician orders atrovent. Prior to giving the drug what would be a priority nursing action? a. Assess drug effectiveness b. Perform physical assessment c. Assess for adverse effects d. Establish change in disease process
b. Perform physical assessment
Drug interactions associated with phenothiazine include: a. vitamins b. alcohol and narcotics c. hyperlipidemics d. vasopressors
b. alcohol and narcotics
Which of the following would the nurse identify as a naturally occurring catecholamine? a. dobutamine b. dopamine c. ephedrine d. metraminol
b. dopamine
A patient is receiving haloperidol. THe nurse would be most especially alert for the development of the following adverse effects. a. Sedation b. Anticholinergic c. Extraparamidal d. Hypotension
c. Extraparamidal
A male patient, age 75, is started on flavoxate (Urispas). What adverse effects should the patient be made aware of? a. Skin rash b. Headache c. blurred vision d. Weight gain
c. blurred vision
A patient is experiencing shock and is extremely hypotensive. Which of the following would the nurse expect as the drug most likely to be given? a. ephedrine b. epinephrine c. dopamine d. dobutamine
c. dopamine
The neurotransmitter for the sympathetic (adrenergic) nervous system is: a. acetylcholine b. nicotinic c. norepinephrine d. muscarinic
c. norepinephrine
Which of the following would a nurse identify as being used as treatment for mania as well as schizophrenia? a. Lithium b. Risperidone c. Lamotrigine d. Aripiprazole
d. Aripiprazole
Sympathomimetics will cause the following responses EXCEPT: a. increase BP b. increase pulse rate c. relax bronchioles d. constrict uterus
d. constrict uterus
