philosophy 101 exam review

True or False - The following statement are Consistent with Camus' views as presented in "The Myth of Sisyphus?": Life is absurd because we are powerless to escape suffering.

False

Which of the following statements would Aquinas agree with?

In a chain of efficient causes, if the first cause is removed, then the succeeding causes would not be possible.

Which of the following is a true statement about Plato's Forms?

The Form's are originals that all physical things copy.

Which of the following statements is consistent with Heraclitus' view of the masses?

The masses are fools

Socrates eventually determines that his wisdom consists in knowing that he knows nothing.

True

The setting in Plato's dialogue entitled, "Euthyphro" takes place outside the Athenian law court

True

Descartes imagines that an evil demon exists so that

he can test whether or not he knows anything for certain. If there is a truth that the demon could not fool him about, then he will know that truth for certain.

Which of the following positions is consistent with Descartes's philosophy?

Doubting one's existence is a proof of one's existence

All ethicists are Christians

False

All of Aquinas' proofs for God's existence relied on key ideas he had borrowed from Anslem.

False

In regard to the statement that a straight line is the shortest distance between tow points, which of the following is true according to Hume?

None of the others

Which of the following would Locke agree with?

None of the others

Based upon what is known of Thales thought, which of the following statements would he have agreed with?

None of these answers

Which of the following positions is consistent with Descartes' philosophy?

Only God could have planted the idea of God in the human mind.

Which of the following is an impossible ethical position?

A moral relativist who believes that everyone must obey the Ten Commandments

According to Parmenides

All change is illusion

Which of the following could not be attributed to Thales?

All is the many

Which of the following statements summarizes Thales metaphysical position?

All is water

Moral relativism is the view that

All things good are only good in relation to something else, such as a person culture.

Which of the following statements would Aquinas agree with?

All things in the universe have possible existence except God, who has necessary existence.

Which of the following statements is consistent with Anslem's description of atheists in his argument for Gods existence?

Atheists must admit they have an idea of God in their minds

Which of the following is correct?

Cause always comes before its effect

Which of the following is Socrates' critism of Euthyphro's first definition of the holy?

Euthyphro has given only an example of a definition, not a definition of an example.

Which of the following statements would Locke agree with?

Even if everyone had the idea of God, this would not prove that the idea of God is innate.

According to Parmenides

Existence and nonexistence are mutually exclusive

According to Locke, primary qualities are "primary" because they are the first qualities we learn about when growing up.

False

According to Zeno motion is an illusion but change is not

False

According to the argument from design, God's design, as perceived in the Bible, can be used to prove that God exists.

False

According to the text, even if we could not reason from cause to effect, many, but not all, of the laws of science would be unaffected.

False

Anslem took an empirical approach in his proof of Gods existence

False

As a young man, Descartes had three dreams that he took as instruction to abandon philosophy.

False

Berkeley argued that, because we have no sense knowledge of matter, we must conclude that matter is merely a substratum of the qualities we know with our senses.

False

Descartes rejects Anslem's method of proving God exists.

False

Ethics involves the study of the nature of the knowledge process.

False

For Plato, Form is united with matter; For Aristotle, form is separate from matter.

False

Hume argues that, in the case of a cause-and-effect relationship, we can never make the observation of constant conjunction.

False

In the "Apology", Socrates eventually admits he is guilty of one of the charges brought against him.

False

Locke would agree that it is possible for you to compare your idea of some object, for example, a table, with the table itself.

False

Meditation II outlines Descartes' fears that he can know nothing for certain because he might be dreaming.

False

Most of our information about Socrates comes from his autobiography entitled: "I, Socrates."

False

The Unmoved Mover is moved only by love

False

Though Anslem as a youth was encouraged by his father to join a monastery, he decided instead upon a life of political service to England

False

True or False - The following statement are Consistent with Camus' views as presented in "The Myth of Sisyphus?": If we worship the gods, we can escape the tortures of our life on earth.

False

True or False - The following statement are Consistent with Camus' views as presented in "The Myth of Sisyphus?": Life is absurd because we cannot escape the fate imposed on us by the gods.

False

Unlike other early philosophers, numerous works of Thales' survived

False

Unlike the philosophers before him, Socrates believed he had solved the problem of the One and the Many.

False

Which of the following is NOT one of the positions taken by Aquinas in his proofs of God's existence?

God's love is the source of human love

Now imagine that you are Gaunilo and you have just overheard the discussion outlined in the previous question. Argue, like Gaunilo, against Anselm that he is wrong - the man who understands the definition of God does not HAVE to believe in God.

I can use your premise of God to disprove you. If God is greater than what can be conceived, what if I try to conceive the "greatest island" in the world. You can't conceive the greatest island because you would end up conceiving an island that already exists rather than the imaginary "greatest island". Therefore, saying something is greater than what can be conceived is illogical.

Which of the following statements is the best paraphrase of a key idea in Anslem's proof of God's existence?

It is inconsistent with the definition of God as a supreme being to say that God only exists in the mind

Which of the following is NOT one of the three laws of association of ideas?

Law of identity

Which of the following statements would Aristotle agree with?

Matter contains potentiality

In which meditation does Descartes prove that God exists?

Meditation III

Which of the following statements is consistent with Zenos position?

Motion for both Achilles and the turtle is actually impossible

Which of the following is a correct description of "Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous?"

Philonous presents Berkeley's position on matter.

Which of the following statements according to the text is correct?

Philosophical explanations of the universe came after religious explanations of the universe

Which of the following is NOT a point established by Zeno's analysis of the race between Achilles and the turtle?

Reality is an illusion

Which of the following is NOT one of Aristotle's four causes?

Temporal

Which of the following positions is consistent with Descartes' philosophy?

The mind can know truths independently of the senses.

Which of the following according to Parmenides does not describe the one?

The one is all powerful

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the realm of the Forms?

The realm of Forms contains the Form of Godliness.

Which of the following statements is not consistent with zenos position?

The senses can be relied upon to provide an accurate portrait of reality.

A moral absolutist could not hold which of the following views?

There are no absolute moral values

Which of the following statements would Berkeley agree with?

To be is to be mentally perceived by God.

Which of the following was NOT one of Berkeley's purposes.

To refute believers in God who held that God is constantly involved in our knowledge process.

Which of the following statements is the best paraphrase of the key idea in Anslems proof?

To say there is no God in reality the idea of God must exist in the fools mind so that he knows what he is denying

According to Anslem, God is the only being than whom none are greater than

True

According to Socrates, he has two main groups of accusers.

True

Aquinas took an empirical, rather than rationalistic, approach in all of his proofs of God's existence.

True

Aristotle argued that Plato's realm of Forms did not exist

True

Aristotle believed that every part of an object's form is also a part of the object's matter

True

Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum.

True

Aristotle studied at Plato's Academy

True

Berkeley argued that there are only two kinds of real entities, Minds (spirits) and ideas.

True

Cartesian dualism involves a sharp distinction between mind and body

True

Descartes uses Plato's concept of the relationship between the perfect and imperfect to prove that God exists.

True

Hume's goal was to discover the laws of human nature in the same way that Isaac Newton had discovered the laws of physical nature.

True

If event A is "temporally prior" to even B, then A occurs before B.

True

In Hume's view, complex ideas can be produced by combining simple ideas.

True

In Locke's view, both color and sound are secondary qualities

True

Meletus claims that every person in Athens, except Socrates, "improves and elevates" the youth.

True

Parmenides adopted Zeno as his son

True

Plato founded a school, the Academy, that could be termed Europe's first university.

True

Plato was present at Socrates' trial.

True

Plato, unlike the pre-Socratics, was a metaphysical dualist.

True

Socrates eventually agreed that the oracle at Delphi's description of him was correct.

True

True or False - The following statement are Consistent with Camus' views as presented in "The Myth of Sisyphus?": Life in this world is like the torture of pushing a rock up a mountain

True

True or False - The following statement are Consistent with Camus' views as presented in "The Myth of Sisyphus?": Life is absurd because there is no reward, after death, for our labors.

True

Which of the following statements about the self would Hume regard as correct?

We have no internal or external impression of the self.

Which of the following statements would Hume agree with?

We think we observe one event causing another event, but all we really observe is one event preceding another event.

Which of the following statements is consistent with zenos position?

What appears to be changing is actually unchanging

Which of the following is a correct statement of one of Parmenides positions?

What is not cannot be what is

Which of the following statements would Aristotle agree with?

What separates a class of objects is their matter; what a class of objects holds in common is the objects' form.

In the Allegory of the Cave, the people chained in the cave

do not know they are in a cave

According to Plato the Form of the Triangle is

independent of all triangles.

The Form of triangle

is what all physical triangles hold in common.

According to Hume...

our mind is said to be the unchanging producer of our thoughts, but we have no internal impression of anything unchanging and therefore we have no evidence that our mind exists.

Which of the following is NOT a primary quality?

taste

Which of the following is not a secondary quality according to Locke?

texture

Euthyphro's second definition of holiness is that holidness is what "the gods love." Socrates' criticism of this definition is that

the gods may love different things.

Which of the following is NOT one of Aristotle's ten categories of being?

understanding something