PHS 1514 - Block 1 / Chapter 12
Medical litigation is a contributing factor to health care cost. High-risk specialists such as obstetricians and surgeons pay malpractice premiums over over _____ each year.
$100,000
Approximately how many active registered nurse jobs are present in the U.S.?
3 million
Which of the following are the main paths to becoming a registered nurse (R.N.)?
A bachelor of science degree in nursing (B.S.N.) A diploma in nursing
Which of the following is true of chiropractice education?
A degree is awarded only if the course is completed at an accredited chiropractic program
Why is palpation fundamental to therapeutic message?
Because it helps identify areas of muscle tension Because it helps find areas of fluid accumulation
Which type of CAM was founded in 1895 by D.D. Palmer?
Chiropractic
Which of the following terms refer to the most common chiropractic treatment procedure?
Chiropractic adjustment Spinal manipulation
Which of the following health care practitioners practice manipulative and body-based methods?
Chiropractor Osteopath Massage Therapist
Match each kind of advanced practice nurse with the corresponding description of duties:
Clinical nurse specialists - Provide direct patient care and expert consultations in a particular nursing specialty. Nurse midwives - Provide primary care to women, including OB-GYN exams and care Nurse practitioners - Provide basic preventive health care to patients
Which of the following is true of podiatric medical training?
The first two years are devoted to classroom instruction and laboratory work.
Which of the following are true of physician education?
The first two years of medical school are spent in laboratories and classrooms taking core science courses and courses in human behavior. The third and fourth years of medical school teach students to take medical histories, examine patients, and diagnose illnesses.
Which of the following are true of interists?
They solve diagnostic problems in which multiple illnesses may be occurring at the same time They are trained to advice people on disease prevention
Which of the following are the objectives of the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health?
To investigate non-mainstream healing practices in the context of rigorous science To disseminate authoritative information to the public and professionals
Registered dietitians who coordinate medical and nutritional needs and provide nutritional services for patients in institutions _____.
clinical dietitians
Medical professionals who help people with mental or emotional illness adjust to life are called _____ _____.
clinical psychologists
Registered dietitians who work in public health clinics, home health agencies, and HMOs and counsel individuals and group on nutritional practices to prevent disease and promote health are called _____.
community dietitians
In the context of the major cost categories for health care, which of the following account for over half of annual health care costs?
hospital care Physician/clinical services
_____ _____ is the coordinated combining of practice or treatments from complementary medicine with those of Western medicine
integrative medicine
Unlike complementary medicine, Western medicine _____.
is rooted in the scientific method and guided by empirical evidence from research
Many people practice meditation because _____.
it imparts a sense of relaxation and self-awareness
A health care professional who generally works in rehabilitation medicine helping patients restore musculoskeletal function is a
physical therapist
A(n) _____ is either a doctor of medicine (M.D.) or a doctor of osteopathy (D.O.)
physician
A _____ _____ is a health professional licensed to practice medicine with a physician's supervision.
physician assistant
A physician with a specialty in family medicine, internal medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, or pediatrics would most likely be a
primary care physician
Front-line doctor who spend most of their time diagnosing and treating common illnesses and diseases are called
primary care physicians
Treatment of a rare and invasive cancer would most likely need which type of health care?
tertiary
Health care in the United States is predominantly in the form of science-based medicine developed in North America and Europe, also referred to as _____ _____
western medicine
In the context of medical professionals referred to as "eye doctors", identify a true statement about optometrists.
They examine eyes and advise on nonsurgical management of certain eye problems
Which of the following is true of doctors of osteopathic medicine?
They place special emphasis n the body's musculoskeletal system
Which of the following are true of doctoral programs in clinical psychology?
They are accredited by the American Psychological Association They usually take five to seven years
_____ is a procedure that originated in traditional Chinese medicine in which specific body areas are pierced with fine needles to treat a variety of illnesses.
Acupunture
Which of the following are common interventions used by clinical psychologists?
Biofeedback Cognitive retraining Marital and family therapy
Which of the following statements regarding board certification are correct?
Board certification attests to the highest level of training in a specialty area It is best to select a doctor who is board certified whenever possible
Which of the following are true of internists?
They are trained to advice people on disease prevention They solve diagnostic problems in which multiple illnesses may be occurring at the same time
Diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not currently considered to be part of Western or conventional medicine are
Complementary medicine Alternative medicine
Which of the following are typical work roles of registered dietitians?
Consultant Community Clinical Management
Which of the following are responsibilities of physician assistants?
Counsel patients Assist in surgery Set fractures
Which of the following are examples of medical specialties?
Dermatology Psychiatry
A doctor of the foot and lower leg most likely has which of the following degrees?
Doctor of podiatric medicine (D.P.M)
True or false: Unlike physicians, podiatrists do not enter a residency after graduation
False
Which of the following are examples of physician specialties in primary care?
Family Medicine Pediatrics
Which of the following are refractive errors?
Farsightedness Nearsightedness Astigmatism
Which of the following is true of the studies conducted on chiropractic and back pain?
Findings suggest that chiropractic adjustment is no more or no less effective than conventional treatments.
Which of the following are examples of primary health care?
Getting an antibiotic for strep throat Diagnosing high blood pressure Receiving treatment for acne
Optometrists hold which of the following degrees?
O.D.
Which of the following are the central messages for individual consumers in the U.S. health care system?
Have adequate health insurance Be vigilant for medical errors
Which of the following are examples of medical errors?
Having an overdose on chemotherapy Receiving the wrong drug Getting the wrong leg amputated
Which of the following is true of homeopathy?
Homeopathic medicines are derived from animal, plant, and mineral sources.
Which of the following are examples of dental specialties?
Oral and maxillofacial surgeon Periodontist Orthodontist
Match the following primary care physicians with their corresponding description:
Internist - Specializes in adult medicine, particularly the diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of diseases of internal organs. Pediatrician - Specializes in the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. Gynecologist - Specializes in the medical care of the female reproductive system
Which of the following is true of the Academic Consortium for Integrative Medicine and Health?
It conducts research on non-mainstream practices to determine which treatments are effective
Which of the following is true of podiatry?
It often plays a vital role in the early diagnosis of heart disease or diabetes
Which of the following are advantages of integrative medicine?
It reaffirms the importance of the doctor-patient relationship. It makes use of all the appropriate curative preventive approaches.
Which of the following are weaknesses in the U.S. health care system?
Large number of uninsured people Health care costs that are escalating High rates of medical errors
Identify the true statements about the education and training of physician assistants (P.A.'s).
Many P.A.'s obtain additional training in a primary care specialty. P.A.'s often have prior experience as registered nurses.
Which of the following statements regarding R.D. training are correct?
Many R.D.s pursue additional graduate training There are over 300 bachelor's and master's degree programs in the US.
In the context of chiropractic, it is true that _____.
Many health insurance companies cover chiropractic care
Which of the following statements correctly describe medical errors?
Medical errors can result in death during even "minor" surgery Nursing homes and retail pharmacies are setting for medical errors Medical errors are one of the leading causes of death in the U.S.
Which of the following are factors associated with escalating health care costs in the U.S.?
Medical litigation An aging population Treatment of uninsured persons
_____ is one of the oldest and most widely practiced mind-body interventions.
Meditation
Which of the following is true of dental education?
Most dental schools aware the degree of doctor of dental surgery (D.D.S.)
Which of the following are examples of creative therapies?
Music therapy Art therapy Dance therapy
For which of the following conditions has acupuncture been thoroughly studied as a treatment?
Nausea/vomiting
Which of the following are types of advanced practice nurses?
Nurse practitioners Nurse anesthetists Nurse midwives
Which of the following is not a reason to seek care from a primary care physician?
They can diagnose and treat most complex conditions
Which of the following would be typical patients of physical therapists?
Patients with chronic low back pain Patients with spinal injuries Accident victims
Which of the following are responsibilities of physical therapists?
Prevent or limit permanent physical disabilities Help improve mobility and relieve pain Help restore function in patients with musculoskeletal conditions
_____ health care is the diagnosis and treatment of common illness.
Primary
Match the type of health care best described by each medical condition
Primary health care - Treatment of high blood pressure by a physician Secondary health care - Referral of a patient to a neurologist for migraine headaches Tertiary health care - The use of complex tests and other specialists for a neurological condition
Which of the following mental health professionals can prescribe medication and order medical tests?
Psychiatrists
Which of the following are common interventions used by clinical psychologists?
Psychoanalysis Behavior Therapy Social learning approaches
A clinical _____ holds a Ph.D. or Psy.D. and provides psycho-behavioral therapies to help people adjust to or overcome emotional problems or mental illnesses.
Psychologist
Which of the following are differences between psychologists and psychiatrists?
Psychologists cannot order medical tests to assist in diagnoses Psychiatrists can prescribe medicine, while psychologists cannot Psychiatrists' training is heavily rooted in medicine while psychologists' training is focused on psychology.
What is the professional title of a registered dietitian?
R.D.N.
What is the credential for a registered nurse called?
R.N.
Which of the following are examples of allied health care professsionals?
Registered dietitians Physician assistants Registered nurses
Which of the following is NOT a type of advanced practice nurse?
Registered nurse
Identify the true statements about homeopathy.
Seminars and courses are offered by homeopathic interest groups The current practice of homeopathy is generally limited to medically licensed physicians
Which of the following statements regarding primary care physicians are correct?
Some insurance plans require people to always see their primary care doctors first They know when to refer patients to a specialist for further care. They are usually the physicians one would go to first with a condition or concern.
Which of the following are requirements in a doctoral program in psychology?
Substantial coursework in personality and psychopathology A one-year internship
Which of the following are responsibilities of registered nurses?
Supervising medical tests Administering medical tests Recording medical histories
Which of the following is not a responsibility of an optometrist?
Surgically correct eye problems
Which of the following is true of the influence of drug industry on the public?
They create and exaggerate medical conditions to promote products
Which of the following is not a responsibility of a registered nurse?
Taking x-rays and MRIs
_____ health care is the utilization of complex medical services and networks to diagnose and treat the most challenging medical conditions.
Tertiary
Identify the reasons for the creation of the National center for Complementary and Integrative Health by the National Institutes of health.
The growing interest in non-mainstream medicine The need for an objective resource for information and guidance on diverse practices
Which of the following are the most common types of manipulative and body-based methods?
Therapeutic massage Chiropractic adjustment
Which of the following is true of educational programs for those aspiring to become registered nurses?
There are three main paths to becoming a registered nurse.
True or false: Medically licensed physicians use homeopathic remedies along with conventional medical treatments
True
True or false: Prescription drugs and nursing home care are among the major cost categories for health care.
True
Which of the following statements correctly describe the U.S. health care system?
U.S. medical economists fear continuation of spiraling costs will have dire consequences The American approach to health care is the most expensive in the world Preventable medical errors are not a rare occurrence
Biomedicine is a synonym for
Western Medicine
Science-based medicine largely developed in Europe and North America is called
Western medicine
Which of the following are kinds of movement therapies?
Yoga Tai Chi The Alexander technique
_____ treatment is based on the belief that by adjusting the body's vital energy, healing can occur.
acupuncture
The mission of the Academic Consortium for Integrative Medicine and Health is to _____.
advance health care by educating medical students and physicians about integrative medicine
The belief that a medical condition can be treated by the positive physiological effects of a given compound or food is most closely associated with
biologically based therapy
Which type of CAM uses specific compounds, foods, or special diets to treat an illness or disease?
biologically-based therapy
Registered dietitians who work with sports teams, supermarkets, and businesses would most likely be
consultant dietitians
A(n) _____ prevents, diagnoses, and treats problems with teeth and mouth tissue.
dentist
Which medical professional would be most appropriate to instruct you on diet, brushing, flossing, and the use of fluorides?
dentist
When thinking about using a biologically based therapy, one must _____.
discuss the pros and cons of the therapy with a doctor
Osteopaths, chiropractors, and massage therapists all practice
manipulative and body-based methods
In the context of obtaining credible information about non-mainstream medical treatments, it is true that _____.
misinformation, misleading claims, and outright hoaxes abound
Postural awareness regimens like the Alexander Technique and the Feldenkrais method are examples of
movement therapies
Which is the largest health care profession?
registered nurse
Years three to seven of postgraduate medical education are collectively referred to as a(n)
residency
Different from primary health care, _____ health care involves specialists treating complex or unusual conditions.
secondary
The referral of a patient with unexplained joint pain to a specialist after the primary care physicians best efforts are unsuccessful would be an example of _____ health care
secondary
The belief that the body's soft tissues will function optimally when the circulatory and lymphatic systems are unimpeded is the central principle of _____.
therapeutic massage
In the United States, the doctor of physical therapy (D.P.T) programs are _____ years with clinical internships intersperses throughout.
three
