PHYS final review pt.2
Select the correct statement regarding the cells of connective tissue
"Blast: cells are undifferentiated, actively dividing cells"
Tendon sheaths
Act as friction-reducing structures
The sliding filament model of contraction involves
Actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlapping
What is required for osmosis to occur?
Aquaporins
A nurse tends to a patient with a sunburn. Upon examination, she seeds blisters and red, swollen skin. The patient complains of pain. What feature of this burn distinguishes it from a first-degree burn?
Blisters
Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is in the bone?
Blood vessels
Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lunae for the central canal are known as
Canaliculi
Striated involuntary muscle tissue is classified as ____ muscle
Cardiac
In an isotonic contraction, the muscle
Changes in length and moves the "load"
Which of the following statements best describes interstitial growth?
Chondrocytes in the lacrune divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage to grow from within
An eighty-six-year old woman has lost several inches of height due to crushed bone in her vetebra. What type of common in osterprocic bones of older people
Compression
What function do the arrector pili muscle serve?
Connect each side of the hair follicle to dermal tissue
The endomysium that wraps individual muscle fibers is indicated by
D
The illustration of stratified squamous epithelium is
D
Which type of cell junctions anchors cells together to prevent the cells of cardiac muscle from pulling apart due to mechanisms stress so the heart beats?
Desmoromes
What are two organ systems that are involved in the excretion of wastes from the body?
Digestive and urinary
Blood calcium levels are maintained by a negative feedback homeostatic mechanism, when blood calcium levels rise beyond their set point a hormone called calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland to lower blood calcium levels back to their set point. What role does the thyroid gland play in this mechansims?
Effector
Which of the following is not a hallmark feature of epithelial tissues?
Epithelial tissues are well vascularized
Thoracic vertebrae differ from the other vertebrae in that they have
Facets for attachment of ribs
The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the delta skull are called
Fontanelles
The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the
Foramen magnum
Epithelial tissue
Has a basement membrane
Which bone contains diaphysis and epiphysis areas, a tuberosity near its middle and proportionally more compact than spongy bone?
Humerus
Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of
Hyperextension
Which of the choices below does not describe how recovery oxygen uptake (oxygen deficit) restores metabolic conditions
Increases the level of lactic acid in the muscle
The first step in tissue repair involves
Inflammation
Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through
Interstitial grwoth of the epithyseal plates
The hyoid bone is unique because it
Is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone
Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue
Its primary function is nutrient storage
Which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders?
Jaundice
The proximal epiphysis is represented by
Label B
Which region is lateral to the umbilical region?
Label D
Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of the pregnancy
Lordosis
The small intestine has tiny, finger-like projections of the plasma membrane that help increase the surface area and aid in absorption of nutrients known as
Microvilli
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions?
Motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP- driven power stroke, sliding of myofilaments
Which of the following membranes lines all body cavities that are open to the exterior?
Mucous
What are two types of endocytosis?
Phagocytosis and pinocytosis
The fibula is indicated by
label x
DNA replication
Takes place during interphase of the cell cycle
Select the correct statement regarding factors that affect the tissue repair process
The age of the person is a factor in the repair process
A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution. If the cell is moved to a 6% dextrose solution, predict how the cell responds
The cell will shrink
Which of the following statements is correct regarding diffusion?
The greater the concentration of gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion
Multiaxial joints of the body include
The hip and shoulder
Which statement is the most correct regarding transcription/ translation?
The nucleotide sequence in tRNA anticodon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that codes for it except that uracil is subsides for thiamine
Lead poisoning can cause a condition known as wrist drop in which the wrist is pronated or
The palms face posteriorly
The molecule that carries an amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into a protein is
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Some antibiotics inhibit tRNA from delivering amino acids into the ribosomes. What process cannot be completed?
Translation
During transcription, which base pairs of DNA in the newly formed molecule of RNA?
Uracil
A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patients by
Using the "rule of nines"
Chondroblasts
Within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix
The diaphragm creates a ____ section by dividing the ventral body cavity into superior and inferior subdivisions
Transverse (cross)
Pointing the toes is an example of
Plantar flexion
What assists the movement of substanes that travel by faciliated diffusion?
Protein carrier or channel
What type of sensor monitors and responds to changes in the environment in a negative feedback loop?
Receptor
Which transport process is the main mechanism for the movement of most macromolecules by body cells?
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Identify the type of connective tissue that is found in the lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow
Reticular connective tissue
Cube shaped bones that contains mostly spongy bone are called
Short
Aileen's grandmother has a mole on her scalp with bluish-black colorations and irregular borders. She dismisses it as a squamous cell carcinoma and predicts her dermatologist will freeze it off like the ones she had previously. Aileen disagrees and believes it's a melanoma. Recommend and additional sign or symptoms that will support a melanoma diagnosis/
Size of lesion
A multilayered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as
Stratified squamous