PHYS final review pt.2

Select the correct statement regarding the cells of connective tissue

"Blast: cells are undifferentiated, actively dividing cells"

Tendon sheaths

Act as friction-reducing structures

The sliding filament model of contraction involves

Actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlapping

What is required for osmosis to occur?

Aquaporins

A nurse tends to a patient with a sunburn. Upon examination, she seeds blisters and red, swollen skin. The patient complains of pain. What feature of this burn distinguishes it from a first-degree burn?

Blisters

Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is in the bone?

Blood vessels

Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lunae for the central canal are known as

Canaliculi

Striated involuntary muscle tissue is classified as ____ muscle

Cardiac

In an isotonic contraction, the muscle

Changes in length and moves the "load"

Which of the following statements best describes interstitial growth?

Chondrocytes in the lacrune divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage to grow from within

An eighty-six-year old woman has lost several inches of height due to crushed bone in her vetebra. What type of common in osterprocic bones of older people

Compression

What function do the arrector pili muscle serve?

Connect each side of the hair follicle to dermal tissue

The endomysium that wraps individual muscle fibers is indicated by

D

The illustration of stratified squamous epithelium is

D

Which type of cell junctions anchors cells together to prevent the cells of cardiac muscle from pulling apart due to mechanisms stress so the heart beats?

Desmoromes

What are two organ systems that are involved in the excretion of wastes from the body?

Digestive and urinary

Blood calcium levels are maintained by a negative feedback homeostatic mechanism, when blood calcium levels rise beyond their set point a hormone called calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland to lower blood calcium levels back to their set point. What role does the thyroid gland play in this mechansims?

Effector

Which of the following is not a hallmark feature of epithelial tissues?

Epithelial tissues are well vascularized

Thoracic vertebrae differ from the other vertebrae in that they have

Facets for attachment of ribs

The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the delta skull are called

Fontanelles

The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the

Foramen magnum

Epithelial tissue

Has a basement membrane

Which bone contains diaphysis and epiphysis areas, a tuberosity near its middle and proportionally more compact than spongy bone?

Humerus

Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of

Hyperextension

Which of the choices below does not describe how recovery oxygen uptake (oxygen deficit) restores metabolic conditions

Increases the level of lactic acid in the muscle

The first step in tissue repair involves

Inflammation

Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through

Interstitial grwoth of the epithyseal plates

The hyoid bone is unique because it

Is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone

Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue

Its primary function is nutrient storage

Which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders?

Jaundice

The proximal epiphysis is represented by

Label B

Which region is lateral to the umbilical region?

Label D

Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of the pregnancy

Lordosis

The small intestine has tiny, finger-like projections of the plasma membrane that help increase the surface area and aid in absorption of nutrients known as

Microvilli

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions?

Motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP- driven power stroke, sliding of myofilaments

Which of the following membranes lines all body cavities that are open to the exterior?

Mucous

What are two types of endocytosis?

Phagocytosis and pinocytosis

The fibula is indicated by

label x

DNA replication

Takes place during interphase of the cell cycle

Select the correct statement regarding factors that affect the tissue repair process

The age of the person is a factor in the repair process

A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution. If the cell is moved to a 6% dextrose solution, predict how the cell responds

The cell will shrink

Which of the following statements is correct regarding diffusion?

The greater the concentration of gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion

Multiaxial joints of the body include

The hip and shoulder

Which statement is the most correct regarding transcription/ translation?

The nucleotide sequence in tRNA anticodon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that codes for it except that uracil is subsides for thiamine

Lead poisoning can cause a condition known as wrist drop in which the wrist is pronated or

The palms face posteriorly

The molecule that carries an amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into a protein is

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Some antibiotics inhibit tRNA from delivering amino acids into the ribosomes. What process cannot be completed?

Translation

During transcription, which base pairs of DNA in the newly formed molecule of RNA?

Uracil

A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patients by

Using the "rule of nines"

Chondroblasts

Within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix

The diaphragm creates a ____ section by dividing the ventral body cavity into superior and inferior subdivisions

Transverse (cross)

Pointing the toes is an example of

Plantar flexion

What assists the movement of substanes that travel by faciliated diffusion?

Protein carrier or channel

What type of sensor monitors and responds to changes in the environment in a negative feedback loop?

Receptor

Which transport process is the main mechanism for the movement of most macromolecules by body cells?

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Identify the type of connective tissue that is found in the lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow

Reticular connective tissue

Cube shaped bones that contains mostly spongy bone are called

Short

Aileen's grandmother has a mole on her scalp with bluish-black colorations and irregular borders. She dismisses it as a squamous cell carcinoma and predicts her dermatologist will freeze it off like the ones she had previously. Aileen disagrees and believes it's a melanoma. Recommend and additional sign or symptoms that will support a melanoma diagnosis/

Size of lesion

A multilayered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as

Stratified squamous