Physics 1010 chapter 24 MCQ
As a parcel of air is swept upward, with no heat input or output, its temperature
decreases
An adiabatic process is characterized by the absence of
heat exchange.
An example of a heat engine is
all of the above: an aircraft turbine, the steam engine of a railroad train, the gasoline motor of a leaf blower, an automobile internal combustion motor.
Every heat engine
all of the above: converts energy into mechanical work, expels heat to a lower-temperature reservoir, gains heat from a high-temperature reservoir.
In the formation of a cloud, moist air rises and
all of the above: expands, condenses, and cools
High-quality energy in natural processes has a tendency to transform into
lower quality energy.
Systems alone tend to move toward a state of
more entropy.
During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas
no heat enters or leaves the gas.
Which temperature scale is larger?
Both Celsius and Kelvin are the same
When Philadelphia's temperature is 40°F and Miami's temperature is 80°F,
Miami is warmer than Philadelphia
the lowest temperature possible in nature is
-273°C
The amount of energy converted to light by an incandescent light bulb is about
10% and the amount converted to heat about 90%
Water freezes at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of
273 K, along with 0°C, and 32°F.
An equal amount of 0°C air that is twice as hot has a temperature of
273°C.
If a 5°C piece of iron is heated until it has twice as much internal energy, its temperature will be
283°C
If a 10°C piece of iron is heated until it has twice as much internal energy, its temperature will be
293°C.
The change in internal energy of adding 100 joules to a system that does 60 joules of work is
40 J.
The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures of 227°C and 27°C is
40%.
The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures 2700 K and 300 K is
89%.
Earth's atmosphere gets most of its heat from the
Sun.
The contained air in a closed, sealed can placed on a hot stove will undergo an increase in
all of the above: temperature, internal energy, and pressure.
A quantity of water has more entropy when it is
boiling.
When you vigorously shake a can of chicken broth, you
both increasing temperature of broth and doing work on it
When mechanical work is done on a system, an increase normally occurs in its
both internal energy and temperature
Entropy is a measure of
both messiness and disorder
Your hand is warmed when you blow on it with your mouth open, but when your lips are puckered so that air expands as you blow, your hand is
cooler.
When a parcel of air expands against the environment and no heat enters or leaves, its temperature
decreases.
When a system does work without adding heat, the temperature of the system
decreases.
Systems alone tend to move toward
disorder.
When the air of a fully-inflated party balloon quickly escapes, its temperature
drops
The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the conservation of
energy.
If you leave the refrigerator door open in a closed room, the room temperature will
increase
As a parcel of air at high altitude sinks to a lower elevation with no heat input or output, its temperature
increases
As a system becomes more disordered, entropy
increases
When you compress air with a tire pump, the air temperature in the tire
increases.
When you rapidly stir raw eggs with an eggbeater, the temperature of the eggs
increases.
Entropy measures temperature
none of the above: at constant volume, at constant pressure, as pressure increases.
The origin of most internal energy in Earth's interior is
radioactivity.
A definite method for losing weight is
reduce calorie intake
Entropy is most closely related to the
second law of thermodynamics.
If a piece of iron and a cup of water at the same temperature are heated so the internal energy of each doubles
the iron will have the higher temperature.
The most disorderly arrangement of energy within matter is also
the most probable state of matter.
Internal energy in thermodynamics is the same as
thermal energy
A temperature inversion occurs when the upper layers of air are
warmer than the lower regions of air.
A volume of air that is compressed with no heat entering or leaving becomes
warmer.
Processes can proceed from disorder to order
when input energy is supplied.