Physics 1010 chapter 24 MCQ

As a parcel of air is swept upward, with no heat input or output, its temperature

decreases

An adiabatic process is characterized by the absence of

heat exchange.

An example of a heat engine is

all of the above: an aircraft turbine, the steam engine of a railroad train, the gasoline motor of a leaf blower, an automobile internal combustion motor.

Every heat engine

all of the above: converts energy into mechanical work, expels heat to a lower-temperature reservoir, gains heat from a high-temperature reservoir.

In the formation of a cloud, moist air rises and

all of the above: expands, condenses, and cools

High-quality energy in natural processes has a tendency to transform into

lower quality energy.

Systems alone tend to move toward a state of

more entropy.

During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas

no heat enters or leaves the gas.

Which temperature scale is larger?

Both Celsius and Kelvin are the same

When Philadelphia's temperature is 40°F and Miami's temperature is 80°F,

Miami is warmer than Philadelphia

the lowest temperature possible in nature is

-273°C

The amount of energy converted to light by an incandescent light bulb is about

10% and the amount converted to heat about 90%

Water freezes at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of

273 K, along with 0°C, and 32°F.

An equal amount of 0°C air that is twice as hot has a temperature of

273°C.

If a 5°C piece of iron is heated until it has twice as much internal energy, its temperature will be

283°C

If a 10°C piece of iron is heated until it has twice as much internal energy, its temperature will be

293°C.

The change in internal energy of adding 100 joules to a system that does 60 joules of work is

40 J.

The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures of 227°C and 27°C is

40%.

The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures 2700 K and 300 K is

89%.

Earth's atmosphere gets most of its heat from the

Sun.

The contained air in a closed, sealed can placed on a hot stove will undergo an increase in

all of the above: temperature, internal energy, and pressure.

A quantity of water has more entropy when it is

boiling.

When you vigorously shake a can of chicken broth, you

both increasing temperature of broth and doing work on it

When mechanical work is done on a system, an increase normally occurs in its

both internal energy and temperature

Entropy is a measure of

both messiness and disorder

Your hand is warmed when you blow on it with your mouth open, but when your lips are puckered so that air expands as you blow, your hand is

cooler.

When a parcel of air expands against the environment and no heat enters or leaves, its temperature

decreases.

When a system does work without adding heat, the temperature of the system

decreases.

Systems alone tend to move toward

disorder.

When the air of a fully-inflated party balloon quickly escapes, its temperature

drops

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the conservation of

energy.

If you leave the refrigerator door open in a closed room, the room temperature will

increase

As a parcel of air at high altitude sinks to a lower elevation with no heat input or output, its temperature

increases

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy

increases

When you compress air with a tire pump, the air temperature in the tire

increases.

When you rapidly stir raw eggs with an eggbeater, the temperature of the eggs

increases.

Entropy measures temperature

none of the above: at constant volume, at constant pressure, as pressure increases.

The origin of most internal energy in Earth's interior is

radioactivity.

A definite method for losing weight is

reduce calorie intake

Entropy is most closely related to the

second law of thermodynamics.

If a piece of iron and a cup of water at the same temperature are heated so the internal energy of each doubles

the iron will have the higher temperature.

The most disorderly arrangement of energy within matter is also

the most probable state of matter.

Internal energy in thermodynamics is the same as

thermal energy

A temperature inversion occurs when the upper layers of air are

warmer than the lower regions of air.

A volume of air that is compressed with no heat entering or leaving becomes

warmer.

Processes can proceed from disorder to order

when input energy is supplied.