Physics Final Chapter 1-3 Quizzes

(QUIZ 1) Which of the following quantities is defined as the distance traveled divided by the elapsed time for the travel? a. instantaneous velocity b. average velocity c. average speed d. average acceleration

C

(QUIZ 1) Which one of the following quantities is a vector quantity? a. the mass of a watermelon b. the age of the pyramids in Egypt c. the sun's pull on the earth d. the number of people on board an airplane

C

(QUIZ 1) Which of the following can cause a car to have an acceleration? a. The brakes on the car. b. The steering wheel. c. both (a) and (b) d. neither (a) nor (b)

C

(QUIZ 1) A train leaves a station, starting from rest, at time t = 0.0 s. At time t = 3600.0 s, the train is traveling due west at 28 m/s. In this example, the 28 m/s is the train's a. instantaneous velocity b. average speed c. instantaneous speed d. average acceleration

C

(Quiz 3) A box slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle θ above the horizontal. The gravitational force on the box is directed a. parallel to the plane in the same direction as the movement of the box. b. vertically. c. parallel to the plane in the opposite direction as the movement of the box. d. at an angle θ below the inclined plane.

B

(Quiz 3) A block is pulled up an incline with a constant acceleration by a force, P. What is the direction of the kinetic friction force? a. parallel to the incline and in the same direction as P. b. parallel to the incline and opposite to P. c. perpendicular to the incline. d. opposite to P, but not at the same angle as the incline.

B

(Quiz 3) A string is attached to the rear-view mirror of a car. A ball is hanging at the other end of the string. The car is driving around in a circle, at a constant speed. Which of the following lists gives all of the forces directly acting on the ball? a. tension b. tension and gravity c. tension, gravity, and the centripetal force d. tension, gravity, the centripetal force, and friction

B

(QUIZ 2) A ferry can travel at an optimal speed of 8 km/h in still water measured relative to the shore. What is the optimal speed of the ferry, relative to the shore, if it moves perpendicular to a 6 km/h current? a. 2 km/h b. 14 km/h c. 10 km/h d. 4 km/h

C

(QUIZ 1) An automotive test driver travels due north in a prototype hybrid vehicle at 30 mi/h for 2 hours. She then reverses her direction and travels due south at 60 mi/h for 1 hour. What is the average velocity of the vehicle? a. 40 mi/h, north b. 45 mi/h, north c. zero mi/h d. 40 mi/h, south

C

(QUIZ 1) Complete the following statement: The difference between speed and velocity is a. velocity is an average, but speed is always an instantaneous measurement. b. speed is an average value, but velocity is always an instantaneous measurement. c. velocity has a direction, but speed does not. d. speed has a direction, but velocity does not.

C

(QUIZ 2) A boat that can travel at 4.0 km/h in still water crosses a river with a current of 2.0 km/h. At what angle must the boat be pointed upstream (that is, relative to its actual path) to go straight across the river? a. 60o b. 63o c. 30o d. 27o

C

(QUIZ 2) A projectile is launched at a 30° angle above the horizontal. Ignore air resistance. The projectile's acceleration is greatest a. at a point between the high point of the trajectory and where it hits the ground. b. at a point between the launch point and the high point of the trajectory. c. misleading question—the acceleration is the same (but nonzero) at all points along the trajectory. d. at the high point of the trajectory.

C

(QUIZ 1) Which of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is true? a.In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector itself. b.A scalar component, e.g. A x, must be positive. c.Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and direction. d.All of these.

D

(QUIZ 1) Which of the following units cannot be added together, even if the proper conversions are made? a.feet and centimeters b.grams and kilograms c.hours and years d.seconds and slugs

D

(QUIZ 1) A particle travels along a curved path between two points A and B as shown. Complete the following statement: The displacement of the particle does not depend on a. the location of A. b. the direction of A from B. c. the shortest distance between A and B. d. the distance traveled from A to B.

D

(QUIZ 1) A passenger at rest on a flatbed train car fires a bullet straight up. The event is viewed by observers at rest on the station platform as the train moves past the platform with constant velocity. What is the trajectory of the bullet as described by the observers on the platform? a. a straight vertical path up and down b. a straight horizontal path in the direction of the train's velocity c. a circular path centered on the gun d. a parabolic path

D

(QUIZ 1) In dimensional analysis, the dimensions for speed are a. [L]/[T]2 b. [L]2/[T] c. [L]2/[T]2 d. [L]/[T]

D

(Quiz 2) A rock is thrown at some angle above the horizontal with a certain velocity. It reaches its highest point and starts falling down. What is the velocity of the rock at the highest point of its trajectory? a. 0 b. 9.8 m/s c. It is equal to its initial vertical velocity. d. It is equal to its initial horizontal velocity.

D

(Quiz 2) You are trying to hit a friend with a water balloon. He is sitting in the window of his dorm room directly across the street (you are at the same height). You aim straight at him and shoot. Just when you shoot, he falls out of the window! Assuming the balloon has a large enough horizontal velocity component to reach the building, does the water balloon hit him? a. Yes b. Maybe--it depends on the speed of the shot. c. The shot is impossible. d. No

A

(QUIZ 1) Which one of the following is the longest length? a. 100 meters b. 104 millimeters c. 102 centimeters d. 105 micrometers

B

(QUIZ 1) Which of the following situations is not possible? a. A body travels with a northward velocity and a southward acceleration. b. A body travels with a constant velocity and a non-zero acceleration. c. A body travels with a northward velocity and a northward acceleration. d. A body has zero velocity and non-zero acceleration.

B

(QUIZ 1) Which one of the following is not a vector quantity? a. instantaneous velocity b. average speed c. acceleration d. displacement

B

(QUIZ 3) A flatbed truck is carrying a crate along a level road. The coefficient of static friction between the load and the bed is 0.40. The truck accelerates forward and the crate stays in its place on the truck bed. In what direction is the force that the bed exerts on the crate? a. backward b. forward c. There is no frictional force because the crate does not move with respect to the bed. d. toward the center of the road

B

(QUIZ 2) Alice and Tom dive from an overhang into the lake below. Tom simply drops straight down from the edge, but Alice takes a running start and jumps with an initial horizontal velocity of 25 m/s. Neither person experiences any significant air resistance. Compare the time it takes each of them to reach the lake below. a. Alice reaches the surface of the lake first. b. Tom reaches the surface of the lake first. c. Alice and Tom will reach the surface of the lake at the same time. d. none of these

C

(QUIZ 1) Usain Bolt set a world record for the 100.0-m run with a time of 9.58 s. If, after reaching the finish line, Mr. Bolt walked directly back to his starting point in 90.9 s, what is the magnitude of his average speed for the 200.0 m? a. 10.0 m/s b. 0 m/s c. 5.60 m/s d. 1.99 m/s

D

(Quiz 3) You ride on an elevator that is moving with constant downward acceleration while standing on a bathroom scale. The reading on the scale is a. more than your true weight, mg. b. equal to your true weight, mg. c. could be more or less than your true weight, mg, depending on the magnitude of the acceleration. d. less than your true weight, mg.

D

(Quiz 3) What does the word "normal" mean in the phrase "normal force"? a. the force is due to contact between two objects b.the total force exerted by a surface c.the component of the force exerted by a surface parallel to the surface d.the component of the force exerted by a surface perpendicular to the surface

D

(QUIZ 1) Starting from rest, a particle that is confined to move along a straight line is accelerated at a rate of 5.0 m/s2. Which statement concerning the slope of the position versus time graph for this particle is true? a. The slope is not constant and increases with increasing time. b. The slope has a constant value of 5.0 m/s2. c. The slope is not constant and decreases with increasing time. d. The slope has a constant value of 5.0 m/s.

A

(QUIZ 2) A motorcycle has a velocity of 24 m/s, due south as it passes a car with a velocity of 15 m/s, due north. What is the magnitude and direction of the velocity of the motorcycle as seen by the driver of the car? a. 39 m/s, south b. 15 m/s, south c. 39 m/s, north d. 9 m/s, north

A

(QUIZ 2) A student kicks a soccer ball in a high arc (not straight up) toward the opponent's goal. At the highest point in its trajectory: a. neither the ball's velocity nor its acceleration is zero. b. the ball's acceleration points upwards. c. the ball's acceleration is zero but not its velocity. d. both velocity and acceleration of the soccer ball are zero.

A

(QUIZ 2) You drop a package from a plane flying at constant speed in a straight line. Without air resistance, the package will: a. remain vertically under the plane while falling. b. not fall at all. c. move ahead of the plane while falling. d. quickly lag behind the plane while falling.

A

(QUIZ 3) A packing crate slides down an inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce that a. a frictional force is acting on it. b. a net downward force is acting on it. c. a net upward force is acting on it. d. it is not acted on by appreciable normal force.

A

(Quiz 2) The spring-loaded gun can launch projectiles at different angles with the same launch speed. At what angle should the projectile be launched in order to travel the greatest distance before landing? a. 60o b. 45o c. 30o d. 0o

B

(QUIZ 2) A baseball is hit upward and travels along a parabolic arc before it strikes the ground (so air resistance can be neglected). Which one of the following statements is necessarily true? a. The velocity of the ball is a maximum when the ball is at the highest point in the arc. b. The x-component of the velocity of the ball is the same throughout the ball's flight. c. The acceleration of the ball is zero m/s2 when the ball is at the highest point in the arc. d. The acceleration of the ball decreases as the ball moves upward.

B

(QUIZ 3) A lightweight crate and a heavy crate are side-by-side on a horizontal floor. You apply a horizontal force to the lightweight crate. There is friction between the crates and the floor. If the two crates are accelerating to the right, a. the lightweight crate exerts more force on the heavy crate than the heavy crate exerts on the lightweight crate. b. The lightweight crate exerts as much force on the heavy crate as the heavy crate exerts on the lightweight crate. c. the heavy crate exerts more force on the lightweight crate as the lightweight crate exerts on the heavy crate. d. the answer depends on the details of the friction force.

B

(QUIZ 3) A woman is straining to lift a large crate, without success because it is too heavy. We denote the forces on the crate as follows: P is the upward force the woman exerts on the crate, C is the vertical contact force exerted on the crate by the floor, and W is the weight of the crate. How are the magnitudes of these forces related while the woman is trying unsuccessfully to lift the crate? a. P + C < W b. P + C = W c. P + C > W d. P = C

B

(QUIZ 3) An object is moving forward with a constant velocity. Which statement about this object MUST be true? a. The net force on the object is in the forward direction. b. The net force on the object is zero. c. No forces are acting on the object. d. The acceleration of the object is in the forward direction.

B

(QUIZ 3) Consider what happens when you jump up in the air. Which of the following is the most accurate statement? a. It is the upward force exerted by the ground that pushes you up, but this force cannot exceed your weight. b. When you push down on the earth with a force greater than your weight, the earth will push back with the same magnitude force and thus propel you into the air. c. You are able to spring up because the earth exerts a force upward on you that is greater than the downward force you exert on the earth. d. Since the ground is stationary, it cannot exert the upward force necessary to propel you into the air. Instead, it is the internal forces of your muscles acting on your body itself that propels your body into the air.

B

(QUIZ 2) In two-dimensional motion in the x-y plane, what is the relationship between the x part of the motion to the y part of the motion? a. The x part of the motion is linearly dependent on the y part of the motion. b. The y part of the motion goes as the square of the x part of the motion. c. The x part of the motion is independent of the y part of the motion. d. If the y part of the motion is in the vertical direction, then x part of the motion is dependent on the y part.

C

(QUIZ 2) A ball rolls off the edge of a table. The horizontal component of the ball's velocity remains constant during its entire trajectory because a. the net force acting on the ball is zero. b. the ball is not acted upon by a force in the vertical direction. c. the ball is not acted upon by a force in the horizontal direction. d. the ball is not acted upon by any force.

C

(QUIZ 1) Referring to the triangle with sides labeled A, B, and C as shown, which of the following ratios is equal to the sine of the angle a. B/C b. A/B c. B/A d. A/C

D

(QUIZ 2) A boy throws a rock with an initial velocity of 2.15 m/s at 30.0° above the horizontal. If air resistance is negligible, how long does it take for the rock to reach the maximum height of its trajectory? a. 0.194 s b. 0.215 s c. 0.303 s d. 0.110 s

D

(QUIZ 3) A space shuttle is in orbit around the earth at an altitude of 12,000 miles. Which one of the following statements best explains why the astronauts experience "weightlessness?" a. The pull of the earth on the spaceship is canceled by the pull of the other planets. b. The force of the earth on the spaceship and the force of the spaceship on the earth cancel because they are equal in magnitude, but opposite in direction. c. The centripetal force of the earth on the astronaut is zero newtons. d. The space ship is in free fall; and its floor cannot press upwards on the astronaut.

D

(Quiz 1) Which of the following is true for an object in freefall, if we assume +y is in the upward direction? a. The acceleration in the x direction is zero. b. The object is not affected by air resistance. c. The acceleration in the y direction is -9.8 m/s2. d. all of these

D

(Quiz 2) Two private airplanes are taxiing at a small airport. Jim is in plane A rolling due south with respect to the ground. Samantha is in plane B rolling due west with respect to the ground. Samantha is in front of Jim and to his left. In what direction(s), relative to himself, does Jim see Samantha's plane moving? a. to the south and to the east b. due east c. due west d. to the north and to the west

D

(QUIZ 1) Which of the following statements concerning unit conversion is false? a. Units have no numerical significance, so 1.00 meter = 1.00 feet. b. Only quantities with the same units can be added or subtracted. c. Units can be treated as algebraic quantities. d. The fact that multiplying an equation by a factor of 1 does not change an equation is important in unit conversion.

A

(QUIZ 1) Which of the following units is not an SI base unit? a. slug b. meter c. kilogram d. second

A

(QUIZ 1) Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is false? a. A vector that is zero may have components other than zero. b. A vector component may be either positive or negative. c. In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector itself. d. Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and direction.

A

(QUIZ 1) The speedometer on a car's dashboard measures which of the following quantities? a. instantaneous speed b. average velocity c. instantaneous velocity d. average speed

A

(QUIZ 1) A ball is thrown vertically upward from the surface of the earth. Consider the following quantities in the y-direction: (1) the speed of the ball; (2) the velocity of the ball; (3) the acceleration of the ball. Which of these is (are) zero when the ball has reached the maximum height? a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 only d. all of these

A

(QUIZ 1) A ball is thrown vertically upward from the surface of the earth. The ball rises to some maximum height and falls back toward the surface of the earth. Which of the following statements concerning this situation is true if air resistance is neglected? a. The ball is a freely falling body for the duration of its flight. b. As the ball rises, its acceleration vector points upward. c. The velocity and acceleration of the ball always point in the same direction. d. The acceleration of the ball is zero when the ball is at its highest point.

A

(QUIZ 3) A fireman is sliding down a fire pole. As he speeds up, he tightens his grip on the pole, thus increasing the vertical frictional force that the pole exerts on the fireman. When this force equals the weight of the fireman, what happens? a. The fireman descends with slower and slower speed. b. The fireman continues to descend, but with constant speed. c. The fireman comes to a stop. d. The fireman descends with a smaller acceleration.

B

(Quiz 1) Which one of the following situations does the object have no acceleration? a. Seeing a red traffic light ahead, the driver of a minivan steps on the brake. As a result, the minivan slows from 15 m/s to stop before reaching the light. b.An elevator in a tall skyscraper moves upward at a constant speed of 3 m/s. c.A boulder starts from rest and rolls down a mountain. d.A ball at the end of a string is whirled in a horizontal circle at a constant speed.

B

(Quiz 3) Suppose you are playing hockey on a new-age ice surface for which there is no friction between the ice and the hockey puck. You wind up and hit the puck as hard as you can. After the puck loses contact with your stick, the puck will a. start to slow down. b. not slow down or speed up. c. speed up a little, and then slow down. d. speed up a little, and then move at a constant speed.

B

(QUIZ 3) You swing a bat and hit a heavy box with a force of 1500 N. The force the box exerts on the bat is a. exactly 1500 N only if the box does not move. b. exactly 1500 N whether or not the box moves. c. greater than 1500 N if the box moves. d. greater than 1500 N if the bat bounces back.

B