Physics II Ch 27-30 MC
Evidence for time dilation includes Corrections needed for GPS satellite calculations Detection of muons in the atmosphere There is no evidence. Atmospheric muons and GPS satellite corrections.
Atmospheric muons and GPS satellite corrections.
What problem did the Rutherford atomic model have that Bohr solved? The number of protons did not equal the number of electrons. The number of protons was smaller than the number of neutrons. The number of protons was larger than the number of neutrons. Electrons could radiate all their energy and spiral into the nucleus
Electrons could radiate all their energy and spiral into the nucleus
The maximum kinetic energy of an electron emitted due to the photoelectric effect is Equal to the photon energy Equal to the electron's energy in the atom minus the work function Twice the electron's energy in the atom Equal to the work function
Equal to the electron's energy in the atom minus the work function
Which of the following is not true about the speed of light? It is the same in all inertial reference frames It is different in different media such as glass and plastic. It is a law of physics It is different in inertial frames moving with different velocities
It is different in inertial frames moving with different velocities
5. Protons are being accelerated in a particle accelerator. When the energy of the protons is doubled, their de Broglie wavelength will A) increase by a factor of 4. B) increase by a factor of 2. C) decrease by a factor of 2. D) increase by a factor of sqrt2 E) decrease by a factor of sqrt2
E) decrease by a factor of sqrt2
The photoelectric effect shows that Electrons are the conductors in metals Electrons have a wave nature A photon can be converted into an electron Light has a particle nature
Light has a particle nature
What problem does the Bohr model of the atom try to solve? Alpha particles were reflected backward when interacting with metal foils Previous models allowed electrons to radiate all their energy and collapse to the nucleus The Bohr model is useless. There was no room for the electrons in earlier models
Previous models allowed electrons to radiate all their energy and collapse to the nucleus
The result of Rutherford's experiment, in which alpha particles were fired toward thin metal foils, were surprising because Beta particles were created Some of the alpha particles were reflected almost straight backward Some alpha particles were destroyed in collisions with the foil. Two alpha particles emerged from the foil for every alpha that entered.
Some of the alpha particles were reflected almost straight backward
How many electrons can be in the 4f subshell? 4 3 14 7
14
The S' frame has a velocity of -4.0 m/s. A ball has a velocity of 3.0 m/s as measured in the S frame. What is the velocity of the ball in the S' frame? 1.0 m/s -1.0 m/s 7.0 m/s -7.0 m/s 3.0 m/s
7.0 m/s
If the principal quantum number, n, is equal to 2, what are the possible values for the orbital quantum number, l? 1, 2, 3 2, 3 0, 1, 2 0, 1
0, 1
A useful equivalent value for the speed of light is 300 mm/s 300 m/μs 300 m/ms 300 m/ns
300 m/μs
A standing particle wave in a box has a lowest energy of 6 eV. Which of the following is not a possible energy level? 54 eV 36 eV 24 eV 96 eV
36 eV (En=Eo*n^2)
The first row of transition elements (atomic number 21-30) is due to the filling of which suborbital? 4d 3d 1d 4p
3d
Which subshell has energy between the 4s and 4p subshells? 4d 3p 3d None of them
3d
Which state of the hydrogen atom has energy E=-13.6/9 eV and angular momentum L=(√6)h(square root of 6 times h-bar)? 3p 2p 2s 9d 3d
3p
How far does light travel in 1 second on a stationary light clock? 3x10^8 m Not enough information to say 0 m More than 3x10^8 m Less than 3x10^8 m
3x10^8 m
Bohr's model for the hydrogen atom only needs one quantum number. How many quantum numbers are needed in Schrodinger's analysis of the hydrogen atom? 3 4 5 2
4
How many electrons are allowed in the 2p subshell? 2 10 8 6
6
A hydrogen atom has energy E=-1.51 eV =-13.6/9 eV. The atom's radius is: 27aB aB/3 3aB 9aB aB/9
9aB
Firecrackers A and B are 800 m apart. Sam is standing halfway between them. Suzy is standing 500 m on the other side of firecracker A (and therefore 1300 m from B). Sam sees two flashes from the two explosions at the same time. According to Suzy, what is the order of the explosions? Not enough information to say. B explodes before A A and B explode at the same time A explodes before B
A and B explode at the same time
Observer A sees a pendulum oscillating back and forth in a relativistic rocket and measures its period to be TA. Observer B moves along with the rocket and measures the period of the pendulum to be TB. What is true about these two time measurements? A) TA > TB B) TA = TB C) TA < TB D) TA could be greater or smaller than TB depending on the direction of the motion.
A) TA > TB
To accurately synchronize clocks at different positions in a reference frame Ring a bell when the master clock starts and start the other clocks from same time when sound reaches them Account for time for signal from master clock to reach other clocks before starting them Set one master clock and move it to all the other clocks to set them It is impossible to synchronize clocks at different positions.
Account for time for signal from master clock to reach other clocks before starting them
A hot low-pressure gas emits Low pressure gases cannot emit anything An absorption spectrum A continuous spectrum An emission spectrum
An emission spectrum
The speed of light is the speed limit of Macroscopic objects only. Anything the size of a proton or larger Only things that interact with light. Any causal influence (anything)
Any causal influence (anything)
The Bohr hydrogen atom does not correctly predict It gets everything correct. Electron energies Discrete spectra Atomic angular momentum
Atomic angular momentum
The orbital angular momentum quantum number ℓ can have any integer value ranging from A) 0 to n. B) 0 to (n-1). C) 1 to n. D) 1 to (n+1). E) -n to n.
B) 0 to (n-1).
In a double slit experiment with very low light levels, the interference pattern Never appears Builds up over time Is immediately visible Changes orientation over time
Builds up over time
What is the atomic number of a neutral atom that has an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2? A) 5 B) 11 C) 14 D) 20
C) 14
Which of the following are basic postulates of special relativity? (There could be more than one correct choice.) A) Nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. B) No material object can be accelerated to the speed of light. C) The speed of light is the same for all observers. D) The laws of physics are the same in all reference frames. E) The laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames.
C) The speed of light is the same for all observers. E) The laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames.
A really high-speed train moves in a direction parallel to its length with a speed that approaches the speed of light. The length of the train, as measured by a stationary observer on the ground, A) approaches infinity. B) increases due to the motion. C) decreases due to the motion. D) is not affected by the motion.
C) decreases due to the motion.
If n = 5, which one of the following is not an allowed magnetic quantum number m1? A) 0 B) 2 C) 4 D) 5
D) 5
One conclusion from Einstein's explanation for the photoelectric effect is Each photon delivers all of its energy to one electron An electron can absorb ½ of a photon and escape An electron can absorb 2 photons below threshold and escape One photon can liberate up to three electrons
Each photon delivers all of its energy to one electron
Conservation of energy Does not work for objects smaller than an atom. Only applies to non-relativistic speeds Explains energy released in nuclear fission Is only true for macroscopic objects
Explains energy released in nuclear fission
Length contraction of an object is measured For the dimension parallel to the motion. Only for objects moving at c For all dimensions of the object For the dimension perpendicular to the motion
For the dimension parallel to the motion.
In order to observe a discrete (line) spectrum the substance creating the spectrum must be Gas Solid Extremely cold Liquid
Gas
X-rays can be used to image the bones in a body. What properties of materials make them effective at stopping X-rays? High amount of organic compounds High water content Low atomic number High atomic number
High atomic number
The speed of light is 3x108 m/s (c = 3x108 m/s) Only in frames moving parallel to the light. In all stationary reference frames In all inertial reference frames Only in frames moving at speeds less than 0.1c
In all inertial reference frames
The equivalence of mass and energy says Mass can be created from energy Energy can be created from mass None of the other answers are correct Mass can be created from energy and energy can be created from mass
Mass can be created from energy and energy can be created from mass
How does the momentum of an object moving at close to c compare to the Newtonian velocity calculation? Same More Depends on the direction of motion. Less
More
An inertial reference frame is Moving at a constant acceleration Moving at a constant velocity Stationary Moving at a constant speed
Moving at a constant velocity
The Galilean principle of relativity says Newton's Laws of Motion are only valid in stationary reference frames. Newton's Laws of Motion are valid in all inertial reference frames. Newton's Laws of Motion are valid only in accelerating reference frames. Newton's Laws of Motion are valid in any reference frame.
Newton's Laws of Motion are valid in all inertial reference frames.
Rutherford's alpha experiment led to the Raisin cake model of the atom Nuclear model of the atom Photon model of the atom Spectral model of the atom
Nuclear model of the atom
Lithium has 3 electrons. One electron is in the 3s state. What transitions are possible from this state? Only 3s -> 2s 3s -> 2s and 3s -> 2p None of these are possible. Only 3s -> 2p
Only 3s -> 2p
Special relativity is used Only in reference frames moving with a constant velocity, inertial reference frames Only in stationary references frames Only in accelerating reference frames In all reference frames
Only in reference frames moving with a constant velocity, inertial reference frames
The speed of an electron and a proton are measured to the same uncertainty. Which has a smaller uncertainty in position? Same because they have the same velocity uncertainty Electron, it is less massive Proton, it is more massive There is no way to tell
Proton, it is more massive
The lowest electron energy level of an atom is Stable Same for all atoms 0 eV The only one that can absorb a photon
Stable
How do the emission and absorption spectra of an element differ? All of the lines are different. There are no corresponding lines in the spectra. The absorption spectrum has fewer lines, but they correspond to lines found in the emission spectrum There is no difference The emission spectrum has fewer lines, but they correspond to lines found in the absorption spectrum
The absorption spectrum has fewer lines, but they correspond to lines found in the emission spectrum
What is a positron? A fictional particle from TV The antimatter version of the electron A slow pion The antimatter version of a proton.
The antimatter version of the electron
In the photoelectric experiment discussed in class, what happens if the battery voltage is set to zero? The current is unchanged The current reverses direction The current decrease slightly The current becomes zero
The current decrease slightly
Which energy level of a quantum system is stable? The lowest They are all stable None of them are stable The highest
The lowest
The de Broglie wavelength is The wavelength of a moving object The wavelength of a stationary object The wavelength of light in water The wavelength of ocean waves
The wavelength of a moving object
The quantized energy of a particle in a box depends on The size of the box and the mass of the particle Energy is never quantized Mass of the particle Size of the box
The size of the box and the mass of the particle
What is the resolution of the twin paradox? The twin who traveled on the rocket measures the correct ages. The twin who stayed home measures the correct ages. The twins are the same age when the rocket returns. There is no resolution. The twins can't agree on their ages.
The twin who stayed home measures the correct ages.
Tunneling is defined as When protons move from one atom to another An electron passing through a nucleus Another term for current in a wire The wave nature of electrons allowing them to cross a gap
The wave nature of electrons allowing them to cross a gap
What property of light allows a laser beam to travel down an optical fiber? Interference Coherence Total internal reflection Refraction
Total internal reflection
An atom has 2 electrons in the 1s state and 3 electrons in the 2s state. This is the ground state of the atom. Not enough information to say This is an excited state of the atom. This state is not possible.
This state is not possible.
A light clock Is only used on the International Space Station. Uses the speed of light to measure time. Uses time to measure the speed of light Uses lasers to measure time accurately.
Uses the speed of light to measure time.
The proper time between two events is the time interval measured The proper time cannot me measured. When the events happen at the same position (measured with 1 clock) In a frame moving away from the events Wherever the observer is
When the events happen at the same position (measured with 1 clock)
Strong x-ray reflection at specific angles of incidence is called Bragg condition X-ray diffraction X-ray shadowing Thin film interferences
X-ray diffraction
The quantized energies of electron in atoms explains Chemical bonds Emission and absorption spectra of atoms The color of the sky Nuclear stability
Emission and absorption spectra of atoms
What is the constraint on the transition when an electron collides with an atom causing the atom to transition to a higher energy state? There are no constraints. Δl = ±1 and energy must be conserved Energy must be conserved Δl = ±1
Energy must be conserved
In the photoelectric effect, electrons are emitted from a substance For all frequencies of light below a threshold For all frequencies of light For all frequencies of light above a threshold For one specific frequency of light
For all frequencies of light above a threshold
A race car approaches the finish line at 110 m/s. The speed of sound this day is 345 m/s. How fast does the sound from the crowd approaching the car move in the car's reference frame? 110 m/s 345 m/s 235 m/s 455 m/s Sound waves don't travel in the car's frame
455 m/s
Light consisting of 3.2 eV photons is incident on a piece of sodium, which has a work function of 2.3 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electron? 3.2 eV 5.5 eV 2.3 eV 0.9 eV
0.9 eV
A car is moving 20 m/s to the right relative to Bill. Bill is riding his bicycle at 5 m/s to the right relative to Jill. Jill is stationary. How fast is the car moving relative to Jill? 20 m/s 25 m/s 15 m/s 30 m/s
25 m/s
An atom has energy levels at 6.0 eV, 5.0eV, 3.0 eV, and 0.0 eV. A beam of electrons with 5.5 eV kinetic energy collides with a gas of these atoms. How many spectral lines will be seen? 4 2 6 5 3
3
Rocket racer Suzy is headed down the straight away to the finish line at 1x108m/s. Her fans at the finish line are shooting lasers beams at her. How fast are the light waves approaching in Suzy's reference frame? 1x10^8m/s 4x10^8m/s 2x10^8m/s Light waves don't travel in the rocket's reference frame 3x10^8m/s
3x10^8m/s
Which of the following is an inertial reference frame (or a good approximation to one)? A car slowing to a stop A car starting to move at a stop light Straight road and curve at a constant speed All of these are inertial reference frames A car going around a curve at a constant speed A car moving along a straight road at a constant speed
A car moving along a straight road at a constant speed
Which of these is not an inertial reference frame? A plane flying level at a constant velocity Plane sitting still on a runway. They are all inertial reference frames. A plane accelerating for takeoff on a level runway.
A plane accelerating for takeoff on a level runway.
The uncertainty principle says A precise location measurement increases the uncertainty in the velocity A precise location can never be determined A precise location measurement is always possible. A precise location is only possible if the velocity measurement is also precise
A precise location measurement increases the uncertainty in the velocity
What kind of force occurs between an alpha particle and the nucleus of an atom? A frictional force There is no force between them. A repulsive electrical force An attractive electrical force
A repulsive electrical force
To which of the following values of n does the longest wavelength in the Balmer series correspond? A) 3 B) 5 C) 1 D) 7 E) ∞ (very large)
A) 3
Two sources emit beams of light of wavelength 550 nm. The light from source A has an intensity of 10 µW/m2, and the light from source B has an intensity of 20 µW/m2. This is all we know about the two beams. Which of the following statements about these beams are correct? (There could be more than one correct choice.) A) Beam B carries twice as many photons per second as beam A. B) A photon in beam B has twice the energy of a photon in beam A. C) The frequency of the light in beam B is twice as great as the frequency of the light in beam A. D) A photon in beam B has the same energy as a photon in beam A. E) None of the above statements are true.
A) Beam B carries twice as many photons per second as beam A. D) A photon in beam B has the same energy as a photon in beam A.
The figure shows part of the energy level diagram of a certain atom. The energy spacing between levels 1 and 2 is twice that between 2 and 3. If an electron makes a transition from level 3 to level 2, the radiation of wavelength λ is emitted. What possible radiation wavelengths might be produced by other transitions between the three energy levels? A) both λ/2 and λ/3 B) only λ/2 C) both 2λ and 3λ D) only 2λ
A) both λ/2 and λ/3
Monochromatic light falls on a metal surface and electrons are ejected. If the intensity of the light is increased, what will happen to the ejection rate and maximum energy of the electrons? A) greater rate; same maximum energy. B) same rate; greater maximum energy. C) greater rate; greater maximum energy. D) same rate; same maximum energy.
A) greater rate; same maximum energy.
If a proton and an electron have the same speed, which one has the longer de Broglie wavelength? A) the electron B) the proton C) It is the same for both of them
A) the electron
A blue laser beam is incident on a metallic surface, causing electrons to be ejected from the metal. If the frequency of the laser beam is increased while the intensity of the beam is held fixed, A) the rate of ejected electrons will decrease and their maximum kinetic energy will increase. B) the rate of ejected electrons will remain the same but their maximum kinetic energy will increase. C) the rate of ejected electrons will increase and their maximum kinetic energy will increase. D) the rate of ejected electrons will remain the same but their maximum kinetic energy will decrease.
A) the rate of ejected electrons will decrease and their maximum kinetic energy will increase.
Which of the following is not a possible fluorescence process? Absorption of ultraviolet light and emission of green light Absorption of ultraviolet light and emission of infrared light Absorption of blue light and emission of red light Absorption of red light and emission of green light
Absorption of red light and emission of green light
How do the wavelength a molecule can absorb and the wavelengths a molecule can emit compare to each other? There is not enough information to answer this question. Emission wavelengths are shorter than absorption wavelengths Same range of wavelengths Absorption wavelengths are shorter than emission wavelengths
Absorption wavelengths are shorter than emission wavelengths
X-ray diffraction is used to study the structure of None of the above Proteins Crystals All above
All above
Einstein's light quantum idea says Light moves as small bundles of energy The energy of a light quantum us proportional to its frequency Light is not a continuous wave All above.
All above.
In photoelectric effect experiments, if the potential difference between the anode and cathode is equal to the stopping potential No electron is emitted from the cathode All emitted electrons are ejected from the experiment The electric field stops the photons before they reach the cathode All emitted electrons are pulled back to the cathode
All emitted electrons are pulled back to the cathode
When an electron in an atom is treated as a de Broglie wave what is quantized? Velocity of the electron Energy of the electron All of these answers are correct Radius of the orbit
All of these answers are correct
Coherent light is electromagnetic waves with the same Amplitude Direction All of these are correct Phase
All of these are correct
The Bohr model of the atom explains Difference in the spectra of different elements All of these are correct Stable atoms Emission spectra Absorption spectra
All of these are correct
Which of these can be used to produce wave phenomena like interference and diffraction patterns? Atoms None of these. They are all particles. Neutrons Large molecules All of these are correct
All of these are correct
Which of the following is not a property of a laser? The light all has the same phase The light is one wavelength All of these are laser properties The light is in one direction
All of these are laser properties
Which of these is a medical use of a laser? Vaporizing plaque in an artery All of these are medical used of lasers. Scalpel Killing cancer cells
All of these are medical used of lasers.
Einstein's principle of relativity states The speed of light is only constant in stationary reference frames. All physical laws are the same in all inertial reference frames Only Newton's laws of motion are the same in all reference frames. Relative speeds only matter in outer space.
All physical laws are the same in all inertial reference frames
Diffraction patterns can be created with X-rays Neutrons Electrons All these are correct
All these are correct
Early evidence that atoms are not indivisible came from experiments using Beta rays X-rays Beta and X-rays Alpha rays Alpha and beta rays
Alpha and beta rays
The emission spectra of different gases Differ only in the lower energy lines Are completely different Differ only in the higher energy lines Are all the same
Are completely different
Compared to atoms, the energy levels of molecules Are fewer and more spread out Are large in number and very close together Do not exist Too complex to study
Are large in number and very close together
Consider ground-state helium having two electrons in orbit. If one of the electrons has quantum numbers (n, ℓl, m1, ms) of 1, 0, 0, -1/2 respectively, the quantum numbers for the other electron will be A) 1, 1, 0, -1/2. B) 1, 0, 0, +1/2. C) 1, 1, 1, +1/2. D) none of the given answers.
B) 1, 0, 0, +1/2.
Two sources emit beams of microwaves. The microwaves from source A have a frequency of 10 GHz, and the ones from source B have a frequency of 20 GHz. This is all we know about the two beams. Which of the following statements about these beams are correct? (There could be more than one correct choice.) A) Beam B carries twice as many photons per second as beam A. B) A photon in beam B has twice the energy of a photon in beam A. C) The intensity of beam B is twice as great as the intensity of beam A. D) A photon in beam B has the same energy as a photon in beam A. E) None of the above statements are true.
B) A photon in beam B has twice the energy of a photon in beam A.
If the wavelength of a photon in vacuum is the same as the de Broglie wavelength of an electron, which one is traveling faster through space? A) The electron because it has more mass. B) The photon because photons always travel through space faster than electrons. C) They both have the same speed
B) The photon because photons always travel through space faster than electrons.
The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom A) increases with increasing values of n. B) decreases with increasing values of n. C) remains constant for all values of n. D) varies randomly with increasing values of n
B) decreases with increasing values of n.
A double slit experiment using very low light levels demonstrates Only the photon (or quantized) nature of light We don't know what light is. Only the wave nature of light Both the wave and photon nature of light
Both the wave and photon nature of light
Which of the following actions will increase the de Broglie wavelength of a speck of dust? (There could be more than one correct choice.) A) Increase its mass. B) Increase its speed. C) Decrease its mass. D) Decrease its speed. E) Decrease its momentum.
C) Decrease its mass. D) Decrease its speed. E) Decrease its momentum.
A 30-year-old astronaut goes off on a long-term mission in a spacecraft that travels at speeds close to that of light. The mission lasts exactly 20 years as measured on Earth. Biologically speaking, at the end of the mission, the astronaut's age would be A) more than 50 years. B) exactly 50 years. C) less than 50 years. D) exactly 30 years. E) exactly 25 years
C) less than 50 years.
A proton and an electron are both accelerated to the same final kinetic energy. If λp is the de Broglie wavelength of the proton and λe is the de Broglie wavelength of the electron, then A) λp > λe. B) λp = λe. C) λp < λe.
C) λp < λe.
The orbital angular momentum quantum number can take which of the following values for any given value of the principal quantum number, n? A) ℓ = 0, 1, 2, . . . B) ℓ = 0, 1, 2, . . . , n C) ℓ = 0, 1, 2, . . . , (n - 1) D) ℓ = 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . E) ℓ = 1, 2, 3, 4, . . ., (n + 1)
C) ℓ = 0, 1, 2, . . . , (n - 1)
Spacetime coordinates Combine location of an event and the time at which the event occurred Are only useful in accelerating reference frames Are only useful in deep space Are something Sheldon Cooper made up.
Combine location of an event and the time at which the event occurred
The special theory of relativity predicts that there is an upper limit to the speed of an object. It therefore follows that there is also an upper limit on which of the following properties of the object? (There could be more than one correct choice.) A) The kinetic energy of the object. B) The total energy of the object. C) The linear momentum of the object. D) None of the above.
D) None of the above.
Which of these is something many people possess which uses the photoelectric effect? Laptop/tablet Digital camera (i.e., on a smart phone) Digital watch None of these - photoelectric effect devises are too expensive
Digital camera (i.e., on a smart phone)
The energy of a quantum of light, a photon, can be expressed as E = cf E = hf E = (h/c)f E = cλ
E = hf
A really high-speed train moves in a direction parallel to its length with a speed that approaches the speed of light. The height of the train, as measured by a stationary observer on the ground, A) approaches infinity. B) approaches zero. C) increases slightly. D) decreases slightly. E) does not change due to the motion
E) does not change due to the motion
If you were in a spaceship traveling close to the speed of light with respect to Earth, you would notice that A) some of your physical dimensions were smaller than normal. B) your mass was less than normal. C) your mass was greater than normal. D) your pulse rate was greater than normal. E) none of the above effects occur.
E) none of the above effects occur.
To which of the following values of n does the shortest wavelength in the Balmer series correspond? A) 3 B) 5 C) 7 D) 1 E) ∞ (very large)
E) ∞ (very large)
Two events are simultaneous If they happen at the same place and time If 2 observers in the same reference frame see them at the same time If they happen at the same time, regardless of observations. If observers in 2 different moving frames see them at the same time Question 5
If they happen at the same time, regardless of observations.
The rest energy of an object Only matters when it is at rest (not moving) Is equal to mc^2. Is always small. Is equal to its kinetic energy
Is equal to mc^2.
What happens to the missing mass when the nucleus of an atom of uranium-235 fissions? It is used to create neutrons The energy is removed from the universe. It is converted into kinetic energy It is converted into electrons
It is converted into kinetic energy
Peggy, who is on a moving rail car, passes Ryan, who is standing on the ground, at velocity v. Peggy and Ryan both measure the time it takes the railroad car, from one end to the other, to pass Ryan. How does the time interval Peggy measures compare to the interval Ryan measures? Peggy measures a shorter interval Peggy measures the same interval Peggy measures a longer interval Can't say without knowing the magnitude of v.
Peggy measures a longer interval
An atom has energy levels at 6.0 eV, 5.0eV, 3.0 eV, and 0.0 eV. A photon with a wavelength of 620 nm has an energy of 2.0 eV. Do you expect to see a spectral line with a wavelength of 620 nm in the atom's absorption spectrum? Not enough information to say. No Yes
No
The Pauli exclusion principle says No 2 electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers No electron can be excluded from an atom No electron and positron can have the same set of quantum numbers No proton can have the same set of quantum numbers as an electron
No 2 electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers
Due to the wave nature of matter, a confined particle has Any momentum and any energy Quantized momentum and energy Any momentum but quantized energy Quantized momentum but any energy
Quantized momentum and energy
How do electrons move between energy levels in a 1-dimensional box? Quantum jumps Half the difference in one jump, then the other half. They actually don't change levels Very gradually
Quantum jumps
Quantum jumps of an atom refer to The allowed energy changes of atoms in a solid The allowed energy changes of electrons in an atom The allowed energy changes of atoms in molecules The allowed energy changes of protons
The allowed energy changes of electrons in an atom
The Balmer formula explains Only the lines in the visible range of the hydrogen spectrum The relation between the lines of the hydrogen spectrum Only the absorption lines of hydrogen Why humans only see a narrow band of wavelengths
The relation between the lines of the hydrogen spectrum
Electron microscopes have better resolution than visible light microscopes because The electron wavelength is larger than the visible light wavelength Electrons are easier to produce than light The electron wavelength is shorter than the visible light wavelength They have the same resolution.
The electron wavelength is shorter than the visible light wavelength
Which of the following aspects of the stationary states of hydrogen does Bohr's analysis of the hydrogen atom get right? The existence of a "magnetic" quantum number The energies The existence of a "spin" quantum number The shapes of the electron clouds
The energies
The combination of quantized energy levels and the Pauli exclusion principle explain The last 2 rows of the periodic table The first 3 rows of the periodic table Nothing, it is just a number game The entire structure of the periodic table
The entire structure of the periodic table
Proper length is the length of an object as measured in A frame moving parallel to the object. The frame the object is at rest in All frames A frame moving perpendicular to the object
The frame the object is at rest in
In the photoelectric experiment discussed in class, what is the cause of the current? The anode The battery The light The cathode
The light
A light clock moving relative to you ticks slower than a light clock in your reference frame because The speed of light is slower in the moving frame The light travels a larger distance The speed of light is faster in the moving frame The size of the light clock changes.
The light travels a larger distance
The atomic number of an atom is The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom The number of protons and neutrons The number of neutrons and electrons in a neutral atom Only the number of protons.
The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom
The mass number of an atom is equal to The number of protons in the nucleus The number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus The number of protons or the number of neutrons, whichever one is larger. The number of neutrons in the nucleus
The number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus
The minimum amount of energy needed to free an electron from an atom is called The ground state The work function The stopping potential The valence energy
The work function
Monochromatic light shines on the cathode in a photoelectric effect experiment, causing the emission of electrons. If the frequency of the light stays the same but the intensity is increased There will be more electrons emitted The emitted electrons will be moving at a higher speed None of these are correct More electrons will be emitted, and they will have a higher speed
There will be more electrons emitted
An atom has 2 electrons in the 1s state, 2 electrons in the 2s state, no electrons in the 2p state and 1 electron in the 3s state. This state is not possible. This is an excited state of the atom. Not enough information to say This is the ground state of the atom.
This is an excited state of the atom.
A firecracker explodes overhead. You notice a slight delay between seeing the flash and hearing the boom. At what time does the event "firecracker explodes" occur? It depends on the observer. Very slightly after you see the flash At the instant you see the flash At the instant you hear the boom Very slightly before you see the flash
Very slightly before you see the flash
What is the Balmer formula a formula for? Energies of stationary states of hydrogen Wavelengths in the hydrogen emission spectrum Probabilities of electron position in stationary states of hydrogen. Masses of atomic nuclei of hydrogen isotopes
Wavelengths in the hydrogen emission spectrum
Momentum conservation is one of the main ideas of kinematics. Does it still hold true in special relativity? Yes, if momentum is defined as (mu)/γ. Yes, if momentum is defined as γmu. No. Nothing is conserved at relativistic speeds. No. Relativity makes momentum conservation impossible.
Yes, if momentum is defined as γmu.
Do emission spectra have any constraints on the possible transitions? No, but we still don't know why. No, the electron just has to go to a quantum state Yes, the change in l must have a magnitude of 1 (Δl = ±1) Yes, the change of l must be 0 (Δl = 0)
Yes, the change in l must have a magnitude of 1 (Δl = ±1)
Is there a difference between absorption and emission spectra for an element in a gaseous form? Yes. The emission spectrum has more lines. Yes. The lines in the emission spectrum have shorter wavelengths. Yes. The absorption spectrum has more lines No, they are the same.
Yes. The emission spectrum has more lines.
The relativistic velocity addition equations appear to be very different from the Galilean equations. Are they still applicable to non-relativistic speeds? Yes. These equations can be used in all circumstances. No. They don't even work at relativistic speeds. No. Speeds must be greater than 0.9c to use these equations. Yes, if all velocities are in the same direction.
Yes. These equations can be used in all circumstances.
A student passes Earth flying in a rocket at 0.9c and shines a laser toward the front of the rocket. Another student on Earth watches as the rocket flies by. How fast does the Earth-bound student see the light from the laser moving? Less than c depends on which hemisphere the observer is in c more than c
c
Transitions down to which energy level produce visible light in the hydrogen emission spectrum? n = 1 an energy level n = 3 n = 2
n = 2
How many de Broglie wavelengths fit in an electron's orbit in an atom? One n, where n = 1, 2, 3, ... (n + ½) where n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... Electron orbits in atoms are not quantized
n, where n = 1, 2, 3, ...
How is the velocity, u', of an object as measured in a frame moving at v, related to the velocity of that object, u, as measured in a stationary reference frame? u' = u u' = u2/v u' = u-v u' = u+v
u' = u-v
What is the velocity, v, of an electron with a de Broglie wavelength λ? v = hλm v = (mλ)/h v = h/(mλ) v = (hλ)/m
v = h/(mλ)
An additional rule for the allowed transitions in an absorption spectrum is Δl = ± 1 The transition must be to a s suborbital (l = 0) The transition can never be to a s suborbital The transition must be to a p orbital (l = 1)
Δl = ± 1