physics test review - the martian/thermodynamics

An object has a mechanical energy of 1,375 J and a kinetic energy of 610 J. What is the potential energy?

765 J

The following is an example of an insulator of thermal energy:

The HAB

What is the name of an object that does not slow the influence of thermal equilibrium on two spaces or objects?

a conductor

If a metal plate is left on top of the open flame while making water, the fire will transfer heat to the plate, Mark will know to use an insulated glove to move the plate because touching the hot plate is what type of heat transfer?

conduction

How is there evidence that Mars has an atmosphere?

dust stroms

Energy can be created and destroyed.

false

Which of the following is not a method of heat transfer?

insulation

In an isolated system, entropy ________.

is constant

The following is an example of a conductor of thermal energy from the movie:

solar panals

Which part of your rollercoaster produced the most amount of heat?

the funnels

What variable about the space ship needed to be changed in order to successfully retrieve Mark?

the velocity

Mark a botanist was told by the Direct of Nasa he could create electricity to be used in the Rover. Mark said that was impossible, making the Director look and feel ridiculous because:

Energy can not be created or destroyed but only converted from one form to another

When heating a solution, a scientist detects a temperature increase in the solution during a period of time. Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the solution during this period?

The velocity of the molecules in the solution is increasing.

Which of the following is a material that inhibits thermal interactions?

an insulator

As the bomb exploded, a _______ reaction takes a chemical bond and releases energy in the form of _____?

chemical and thermal

Total amount of energy in the universe is:

constant

Heat transfer through fluids is called _________.

convection

Placing heating vents in the HAB near the ceilings of rooms wouldn't be the most efficient way to heat the space because warm fluids tend to rise. Which type of heat transfer explains why the heating vent should be placed by the ground?

convection

What type of heat transfer does Mark's space suit protect him from while trying to make water the first time?

convection

Entropy is a measure of a system's ______

disorder

What always seems to be a solution to a problem in the Martian?

do the math

What factors affect the Earth's atmosphere?

earths core, topography, water

Fire is an example of which of the following?

entropy

Which of the following vocabulary word describes a change in state of one from more order to one of less order?

entropy

_____ is a measure of randomness or disorder.

entropy

It is a transfer of energy from one object to another due to a difference in temperature. What is it called?

heat

What happens to entropy during the explosion while trying to make water the first time?

it increases

Temperature is a measure of heat in a system. There is a variety of ways to measure temperature but in order for calculations to be correct we must use the Standard International (SI) units for temperature. What is the SI units for temperature?

kelvin

Nearly all of the energy reaching the Earth comes from the sun through the process of ______.

radiation

What kind of heat transfer is received by the solar panels that charge the Rover?

radiation

Energy is transformed from _____ to ______ when the Rover is driven.

thermal to mechanical

Fill in the blank of the following statement. The term "heat" refers to the _________

transfer of energy from one object or system to another due to a temperature difference.

Heat energy flows from _____ objects to ____ objects?

warmer to cooler

The _____ law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created not destroyed.

1st

What is the potential energy of a dad taking down Christmas lights right before he falls off his 6 meter high ladder? The dad has a mass of 80kg.

4704 J

Calculate the Kinetic energy of a 1500kg sports car traveling at 85m/s.

5,418,750 J

On a summer morning on Earth, Mark walks barefoot across his paved driveway with no problem. (He left his space suit at NASA) However, later that afternoon he steps barefoot onto the same driveway and must quickly run off because the bottoms of his feet feel like they are burning.

As the temperature increased during the day, the particles in the pavement moved faster and the thermal energy increased.