Placenta Previa & Placenta Abruptio

complete or total placenta previa

cervical os is completely covered by placenta

total placenta abruptio often results in:

fetal death

uterine hypertonicity

firm, rigid uterus w/ contractions

placenta previa can be associated with:

history of c-section & induced abortions

3 types of placenta previa

marginal or low-lying, incomplete or partial, complete or total

placenta abruptio can lead to:

massive hemorrhage, shock, DIC

hallmark symptom between previa & abruptio

pain

placenta previa usually begins with:

painless vaginal bleeding in 2nd or 3rd trimester

clinical presentation of placenta previa

painless vaginal bleeding that increases as cervix dilates soft, relaxed, nontender uterus w/ normal tone fundal height great that expected for gestational age fetus in breech, oblique, or transverse postion

marginal or low lying placenta previa

placenta lies more than 3 cm from cervical os

placenta previa

placenta lies over or near cervix

incomplete or partial placenta previa

placenta lies w/in 3 cm of cervical os but does not cover it

partial placenta abruptio

portion of placenta remains intact; perfusion to fetus is possible

placenta abruptio is associated with:

previous abruption, HTN, smoking, trauma, cocaine

placenta abruptio

separation of placenta from its implantation site before delivery of the fetus

2 classes of placenta abruptio

total abruption & partial abruption

clinical presentation of placenta abruptio

vaginal bleeding is bright red or dark boardlike, tender abd uterine hypertonicity fetal distress abd pain