plumbing set 4
For automatic-circulating hot water and heat-traced systems, piping shall be insulated with no less than ___ inch of insulation A. 1/2 B. 3/4 C. 1 D. 1.5
C. 1
Each fixture trap shall have a trap seal of water of not less than_____and not more than ____ (except where a deeper seal is found necessary by the Administrative Authority for special conditions.
51 mm - 102 mm
The minimum diameter for a wet standpipe is ____ for those less than ____ form the fire service connection
51 mm - 15meter
The diameter of a waste and overflow for a bathtub shall be no less than: A. 1 1/4" B. 1 3/8" C. 1 1/2" D. 2"
C. 1 1/2"
Fire Trap
A building unsafe in case of fire
Coagulation
A chemical such as alum is added to turbulent water
Fluidized bed
A container holding powder coating material that is aerated from below
Septic Tank
A covered watertight tank from receiving a discharge from the building sewer.
Sanitary Cross
A cross having a slight curve in each of the 90 degrees transitions.
Every cubic inch of superheated water in a water heater tank becomes what?
A cubic foot of superheated steam
faucet
A device for controlling the flow of a liquid from a pipe by opening or closing in orifice. Also called spigot,tap
Water meter
A device for measuring and recording the quantity of water that passes through pipes
Siamese connection
A device having two or more inlet fittings to which fire fighting hoses are attached. In the event of fire, water can be pumped into siamese connection to supply the sprinkler or standpipe system
Backwater valve
A device installed in a drainage system to prevent reverse flow.
What collects sediment to reduce the chance of clogged gas valves on combustion appliances?
A drip leg
Drop elbow
A elbow having lugs for attachment of a wall joist,Also called drop el
Mixing faucet
A faucet having a single outlet of water from separately controlled hot water and cold water taps. Also called mixer
Lavatory, Lavy, Lav
A fixed bowl or basin with running water and drainage for washing.
Water Closet
A fixture consisting of ceramic bowl with a detachable hinged seat and lid and device for flushing water used for defecation and urination.
Cross
A fou-way pipe connection.
Aquifer
A geological formation containing or or conducting ground water esp one capable of providing water in usable quantities to springs or wells
Oakum
A hemp or old hemp rope soaked in oil or tar to make waterproof
Well
A hole drilled or bored into the earth to obtained water, petroleum,or natural gas
Wye
A hose connection with two gated outlets permitting 2 connection of the same or smaller coupling diameter
Ember
A hot piece or lump that remain after a material has partially burned, and is still oxidizing without manifestation of flames
Soil stack
A large pipe that connects all the soil and waste lines throughout a building to a vent at the roof
Scum
A layer of the sewage matter that rises to the surface of the sewage in a septic tank.
Trap
A liquid seal which prevents the backflow of foul air.
Pressure drop
A loss of head or liquid pressure between two points of a pipe or a acrss of valve due hydraulic friction
Maximum performance score
A measure of the performance of a flush toilet in removing human race with a single flash. The US Environmental Agency mandates to a minimum map score of 350
Surface water
A mixture of surface run-off and ground water
Vestibule
A passage hall or antechamber between the outer door
Anode
A piece of metal inserted into a water tank to collect hard-water deposits in order to keep them from forming on the heat exchanger
Jumper
A piece of metal or an electrical conductor use to bypass a safety device in an electrical system
Service pipe
A pipe connecting to building to a water or gas main ,usually installed by or under the jurisdiction of a public unity
Yoke or By-pass Vent
A pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack below the floor and below horizontal connection to an adjacent vent stack
Sweep Fitting
A pipe fitting having a large radius of curvature.
Vent Pipe
A pipe that allows air into a drain system to balance the air pressure, preventing water in the traps from being siphoned.
Water distribution pipe
A pipe within a structure or on the premises which conveys water from the water service pipe.
sump
A pit or reservoir or serving as a drain or a receptacle for water or other liquids
Cleanouts (cleanout plugs)
A plug in a trap or drain pipe that provides access for the purpose of clearing an obstruction.
Bell
A portion of a pipe which is sufficiently enlarged to receive the end of another pipe of the same diameter
Aeration
A process that can improve the taste and color of water
sump sump
A pump for removing the accumulation of liquid from sump
What is required if water pressure is greater than 80 psi?
A regulator
Clean out
A segment of pipe with a removable plug used to provide access to drainage system for inspection or cleaning. Always required where the building drain meets the sewer system
Coupling
A short length of pipe having each end threaded on the inside.
Nipple
A short length of pipe with threads on each end.
Tee
A t-shaped pipe fitting.
Drop Tee
A tee having lugs for attachment to a wall.
Wash Down
A type of flushing action that discharges water into a trapway located at the front of the bowl.
Reverse Trap
A type of flushing action that flushes through a siphon action created in the trapway located at the rear.
Siphon Jet
A type of flushing action that has a large trapway and has quieter flushing action.
Direct Flush Valve
A type of flushing action that is obtained directly from a flush valve.
Siphon Vortex
A type of flushing action that starts with a whirlpool motion followed by a complete flush down.
Elbow
A type of pipe fitting having an angle usually 90 degrees.
Check Valve
A type of valve that allows the flow of water in only one direction and prevents backflow.
Butterfly Valve
A type of valve that has a flat circular plate surrounding the pipe.
Globe Valve
A type of valve that has a spindle to control the water flow.
Gate Valve
A type of valve that is completely closed or completely open.
Foot Valve
A type of valve that is placed at the lowest portion of the pumps.
Safety Valve
A type of valve that is used for excessive pressure.
Check Valve
A type of valve that prevents back flow- allows water to flow only in one direction.
Integral Flush Tank
A type of water closet with one piece of ceramic bowl and tank.
Close Couple Flush Tank
A type of water closet with separate pieces but close to each other.
Ball cock
A valve opened and closed by the ball shaped end.
Dry Vent
A vent that does not carry liquid or water borne wastes.
Receptor
Adequate received the discharge from indirect waste pipe,located as to be readily cleaned
Where would an inspector find a gas shut off?
Ahead of the sediment trap
When pressure supplied by city water supply is not strong enough. - Compressed air is used to raise and push water into the system
Air Pressure System (Pneumatic)
Clothes washer discharge into a LAUNDRY TUB must be protected by an ____.
Air break
Clothes washer discharge must be directed through an ___ ___.
Air break
Plenum
Air compartment or chamber to which one or more ducts are connected and which form part of an air distribution system
On a combination pressure/temperature relief valve the discharge pipe terminates with an ___ into a trapped floor drain.
Air gap
What is necessary in a TPR pipe to prevent backflow and contamination of the potable water system?
Air gap
Back siphonage of non potable liquids into the potable water supply piping may be prevented by a 1 inch ___ ___ and a ___ ____.
Air gap and vacuum breaker
What should be used to protect the water supply to a residential dishwasher against backflow?
Air gap or backflow preventer
Air bubble
Air lock caused by?
Medical Air
Air product of compressed Nitrogen and Oxygen
Acid resistance cast iron pipe
Alloy of c.a & silicon Brittle
Back flow preventer
Also called vacuum breaker
Interceptor
Also known as separator, this device prevents the passage of oil and debris into the sewer drainage system. They require periodic servicing and must be readily accessible. Differs from a trap- which keeps sewer gas from entering a building
What do all piping and valves require?
An accessible main shutoff
Water softener
An apparatus that removes calcium and magnesium salt from hard water by ion exchange in order to give the water and more efficient subsing ability with soap
Drop Elbow
An elbow fitting with a lug for attachment to a wall.
Vertical Shaft
An enclosed vertical space of passage that extends from floor to floor
Expansion Bend
An expansion joint of pipe and pipe fitting permitting thermal expansion to occur in a long run of hot water piping also called expansion loop
What can a standpipe serve as?
An indirect waste receptor
storage tank water heater
An insulated storage tank that supplies a fixed quantity of heated water with a predictable recovery time
Enameled Steel
An opaque vitreous composition applied by fusion to the surface of metal.
Overflow
An outlet, pipe or receptacle for excess liquid
Water heater
And electric or gas appliance for heating water to a temperature between 120 degree f in 140 degree F 450 degrees Celsius and 60 degrees Celsius and storing it for us
Storm drainage sump pumps shall be of a capacity and head appropriate to___ use requirements
Anticipated ( p330 3.1.1 pump capacity and head)
valve
Any device for controlling or stopping the flow of a liquid or gas by a movable part that opens partially obstruct, or shut a passage, bye, inlet or outlet
Dust
Any finely dissolve solid 4mm or less in diameter
Branch
Any member of a piping them ordered and a main, riser or stack
Battery of fixtures
Any of two or more similar adjacent fixtures
Plumbing fixture
Any of various receptacles for receiving water from a water system and discharging the liquid waste into a drainage system
Branch
Any part of a drain system other than the main, riser, or stack.
Branch
Any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack.
Waste stack
Any pipe carrying the discharge from plumbing fixtures other than with water closet or Urinals
drain
Any pipe or channel by which a liquid is drawn off
Shut off
Any valve for shutting off the flow of water or gas from supply
Sump
Approved tank that received sewage which is located below the normal grade of gravity system
Unit vent
Arrangements of venting so installed that one vent pipe will serve 2 traps
Backflow connection
Arrangements whereby Backflow can occur
Where should gas shutoff valves should be located?
As close as possible to each gas appliance
Asbestos pipe
Asbestos fiber and portland cement Used as soil and waste pipe
135 deg F
At ___ the bulb breaks and releases a water stream (sprinkler heads, quartzite bulb type that contain a colored liquid)
Where do gas meters require a shut off?
At each meter
120 degress
At what angle do horizontal lines meet at in an isometric drawing?
Tests requiring a pressure of greater than 10 psi but less than or equal to 100 psi shall utilize a testing gauge having incredments of ___ or less A. 1/2 psi B. 1 psi C. 2 psi D. 5 psi
B. 1 psi
Horizontal branches shall connect to the bases of stacks at a point located no less than __ times the diameter of the drainage stack downstream from the stack. A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. None of the above
B. 10
Water testing a DWV system requires a minimum of ___ feat of head. A. 5 B. 10 C. Whatever the inspector wants D. 2 pounds
B. 10
A plumbing vent shall terminate no less than ____ A. 3' from an air intake B. 10' from an air intake C. 1' above the roof D. 3' above a parapet wall
B. 10' from an air intake
You want to run a water service line above a sewer pipe in the same trench. How much dirt must be laid between the pipes? A. 6 inches B. 12 inches C. 18 inches D. 24 inches
B. 12 inches
Type B water heater vents, 4" in size, shall terminate above a horizontal roof no less than ____ A. 6" B. 12" C. 18" D. 24"
B. 12"
Concealed slip joint connections require a/an ____ A. 8x1 access panel B. 12x12 access panel C. 18x18 inches D. None of the above
B. 12x12 access panel
Shield plates for protection shall have a thickness of no less than ___ gauge A. 14 B. 16 C. 20 D. 22
B. 16
Cleanouts on 6" and smaller pipes shall be provided with a clearance of no less than ___ inches for rodding. A. 12 B. 18 C. 24 D. 36
B. 18
The limitation for opening size in strainer plates of ___ for floor and shower drains as well as receptor strainers provides rodent protection. A. 1/4" B. 1/3" C. 1/2" D. 1"
C. 1/2"
For each run of horizontal drain piping, the distance between cleanouts shall not exceed ____ A. 50' B. 75' C. 100' D. None of the above
C. 100'
Where nonferrous pipe is brazed for gas piping, the brazing materials shall have a melting point in excess of _____ degrees Fahrenheit A. 600 B. 800 C. 1000 D. 1400
C. 1000
The temperature of water for tankless water heaters shall not be greater than ___ degrees Fahrenheit A. 120 B. 130 C. 140 D. 160
C. 140
A plumbing permit expires if work authorized by the permit is not started within ____ A. 90 days B. 120 days C. 180 days D. 1 year
C. 180 days
An air gap has minimum requirement of at least 1" or ___ times the diameter of the pipe. A. 1 B. 1.5 C. 2 D. 3
C. 2
hangers
Clevis hanger, strap hanger, trapeze hanger Pipe hangers often incorporate springs or rollers into their design and are used to remedy problems such as vibration, noise and expansion. Hangers are required at turns and junctions and spacing determined by pipe size
Spray nozzle method
Combination of an automatic fire or smoke detection system
offset
Combinations of elbows or bends in a line
Combination fixtures
Combining one sink and tray or a two or three compartment sink in one unit
Class D fire
Combustible metals
Traps used for lavatories, kitchen sinks, laundry tubs, & urinals
Common P-Trap
UpFeed and Gravity Return
Commonly use in residential installations
Air chamber
Compartment in a water system containing air Elastically compresses and expand to equalize the pressure and flow of water in the line system. Also called air cushion
3
Class B of assembly should have at lease?
K type
Classification of copper pipe Heaviest;underground
L type
Classification of copper pipe Lighter; for residential water supplyline
M type
Classification of copper type Thinnest; for small water supply line
Class 1
Classification of fixtures in residential houses
A____shall be provided at the base of each waste or soil stack
Cleanout (P3005.2.6 base of stacks
Laundry trays made of ________ are no longer permitted because they do not provide a smooth, impervious, sanitary surface.
Concrete
Water hammer
Concussion in banging noise that results when the volume of water moving in the pipe suddenly stops or loses moment
BackFlow connection
Condition or any arrangement whereby reverse flow can occur
Aqueduct
Conduits or artificial channel for conducting water from remote source, usually by gravity especially in elevated structure constructed by the Romans to carry water channel across a valley or over the River
Cross connection
Connection or arrangement between potable water supply system and plumbing fixtures
Fittings
Connects the pipes together.
Ball Faucet
Constructed with a ball connected to the handle
Soil Drainage
Contain fecal matter
ABS Plastic
(Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) A rigid black plastic piping used for waste, vent, and drain lines.
Minimum dimension of Water closet center to side wall
0.375 meters
A lavatory discharges ____, which is equivalent tothe Fixture Unit (F.U.)
0.47 liters/sec or 28.3 liters/min (7.5 gallons per min or 1 cu ft per min)
The vertical distance between a fixture outlet tailpiece and the trap weir shall not exceed ____ in length.
0.60 meters
Minimum dimension of Water closet center to WC center
0.75 meters
What is the "minimum" AIR GAP for a kitchen faucet?
1 1/2 inches
Each compartment of a laundry tub shall be provided with a waste outlet not less then___ inches in diameter
1 1/2" (and a strainer or crossbar to restrict the clear opening of the waste outlet) (P2715.1 laundry tub waste outlet)
Bathtubs shall be equipped with waste outlets and overflow Outlets connected to piping at least___ inches in diameter
1 1/2" (and the waste outlet shall be equipped with an approved stopper) (P2713.1 bathtub waste outlets and overflow)
Fixture tail pieces shall not be Less then__ inches in diameter for sinks, dishwashers, laundry tubs and similar fixtures.
1 1/2" (not less than 1 1/4" in diameter for Bidets, Lavatories and similar fixtures (P2703.1 minimum size)
What is the "minimum" diameter for a dryer vent?
1 1/4 inches
Lavatories shall have waist outlets not less then___ inch in diameter
1 1/4" (A strainer, pop up stopper, crossbar or other device shall be provided to restrict the clear opening of the waste outlet.( P2711.3 lavatory waste outlet)
What is the minimum diameter requirement of a wet vent?
1-1/2 inches
What is the minimum size of the P-Trap drain pipe?
1-1/2 inches
2 types of air-coniditioning systems
1. centralized 2. unit a. package or split-package b. window type
water closets classified according to (3)
1. design (4) 2. quality (4) 3. shape (2)
water closet quality (4)
1. flushes quietly 2.flushes down liquid and waste completely 3. function efficiently 4. provides large water surface area inside the bowl to prevent fouling and contamination
cold water distribution (3)
1. normal water pressure from the public main water supply 2. overhead feed system 3. air pressure distribution system
water closet shape (2)
1. round type (limited space) 2. elongated type
3 types of drainage systems
1. sanitary drain 2. industrial drain 3. storm drain
Height of Dry stand Pipe
1.20 meters
The developed length of the trap arm (measured from the top of closet ring to inner edge of vent ) of a water closet or similar fixture shall not exceed ____
1.80 meters
piping materials (7)
1.copper 2.plastic 3.brass 4. iron 5.steel pipe 6.asbestos pipe 7.vitrified clay pipe
6 +2 fittings (draw)
1.coupling 2.elbows 3.gate valves 4.globe valves 5.check valves 6. p-traps 7.bottle trap 8. thread
2 air distribution systems
1.duct system 2. ventilating ceiling
pvc pipes color and for what (5)
1.orange-waste 2.yellow - telephone line 3.blue - water 4. gray - electrical 5. white - water heater
2 types of unit type air conditioning systems
1.package or split-package 2. window type
source of water (3)
1.rain water 2. natural surface water from rivers, streams, lakes 3. underground water
water closet design (4) draw
1.wash down type 2. reverse trap 3. siphon jet 4. siphon vortex
what is the most common size supply line?
1/2 inch
What is the minimum drain slope?
1/4
What slope should a plumbing drain line run downhill at?
1/4 inch per foot
Effluent pipe pitch
1/4" per foot
What is the "minimum" pitch per foot for a 3 inch drain?
1/8 inch per foot
When a vent terminates "less than" 2 feet "above"a window what is the "minimum" horizontal distance required to the window opening?
10 feet
Coverage of 1 sprinkler head for Extra hazard Occupancy
10 square meter
Light in weight, slightly flexible and can take slight soil movement without danger of cracking or pulling out of its joints. It is thus suited for house sewer and septic tank installations
Bituminous Fiber Sewer Pipe
A P-trap shall have a water seal of at least __________ at most _________
2 inches 4 inches
Rigid, Flexible
2 types of plastic pipes.
Receptor floor shall drain not less than
2% - 4% slope.
Minimum slope or pitch of horizontal drainage pipe
2% or 20mm/m (¼" per foot)
Water plus solid and liquid human wastes
Black Water
Coverage of 1 sprinkler head for Light Hazard Occupancy
20 square meter
There should be a space of at least _______ in front of the water closet, lavatory and bidet to any wall, fixture and door.
21 inches
There shall be at least___ inches clearance in front of the water closet, bidet or lavatory to anyone, fixture or door.
21" (P2705.1 General)
What is the maximum temperature that a hot water supply to the bathtub and whirlpool bathtub valve be limited to by a control valve?
210 degrees
The shower opening (or access and egress opening) should be at least ___________ of clear and unobstructed finish-width.
22 inches
What is the vertical distance from a fixture outlet to the trap weir?
24 inches
Where a fixture is separately trapped, the "maximum" vertical distance permitted from the fixture outlet to the trap weir is ___ inches.
24 inches
At what psi above the system pressure is the pressure relief valve set to open?
25 psi
With respect to flow, a 3/4 inch pipe is how much bigger than a 1/2 pipe?
270% bigger
Schedules (S) 10, 40, 80 S-40 is most common Higher the schedule = greater the wall thickness
3 Common wall thickness classifications:
An elbow only allows water to flow into a drain through a diameter opening of what size?
3 inches
What is the required size concrete base for a water heater supported on ground?
3 inches
What is the "minimum" size of a residential water service from the meter to the house?
3/4 inch
What is the minimum size of a water heater pan drain?
3/4 of an inch
What is the minimum size of a water pipe?
3/4 of an inch
The minimum size water service pipe Shall be____Inch
3/4" (P2903.7 size of water service mains
What would a water pressure tank typically have?
Bladders
15m
Bonfire is permitted within __away of any structure
Elbow
Both sitting here being an angry, usually 90 degree bend also called ell,el
Lavatory
Bowl or basin with running water for washing the face and hands
Loop vent
Branch vent that loops back
Circuit vent
Branch vent that serves two or more traps
How far should an outlet of a laundry tray be from the standpipe?
30 inches horizontally
What is the required working space for a water heater?
30 x 30
The diameter of an individual vent shall not be less than_____nor less in size than ____ the diameter of the drain to which it is connected.
32mm (1-1/4") - 1/2
What distance must an air admittance valves be above the drain?
4 inches
What is the "minimum" average static pressure at the building entrance for public or private water service?
40 psi
Minimum static pressure(as determined by the local water authority) at the building entrance for either public or private water service shall be _______ PSI.
40 psi Minimum static pressure 80 psi. Maximum static pressure (2903.3.1)
What is the maximum minimum and maximum pressure for water supply?
40 psi 80 psi
Trenching installed parallel to footings shall not extend below the___ degree bearing plane of the bottom edge of a wall or footing
45° (See figure P2604.4) (P2604.4 protection of footing)
When doing an air test on DWV Systems during rough in plumbing, the portion under test shall be maintained at___ psi for___ minutes
5 psi for 15 mins. (P250 3.5.1 rough plumbing)
Closet bolts are often made of ______ because they resist corrosion.
Brass
Most expensive Made of an alloy or zinc (15%) and copper (85%) Resistant to acids and has a smooth interior surface
Brass Pipe
Main horizontal portion of DWV system that routes drainage discharge from all other drains to the building sewer, which begins 2' feet outside the building wall.
Building drain to building sewer: Where and what size?
High Rise Building
Building structures or facilities 15 or more in height
Mound
Built up drainage field above the existing grade. Requires pumping chamber to move the effluent from the septic tank to the mound
Toilet partition
Bundle forming an enclosure around a water closet for privacy in a public lavatory
Plumbing
Business trade or work having to do with the installation, removal, alteration, or report of plumbing system
Urinals require a water supply with a minimum diameter of ____ A. 3/8 of an inch B. 1/2 of an inch C. 3/4 of an inch D. 1 inch
C 3/4 of an inch
Building trap
Trap installed in the building drain to prevent the passage of sewer gases from the buildings were to the drainage system off a building. Not all plumbing codes required a building truck also called house trap
Common P-Trap
Trap used for lavatories, kitchen sinks, laundry tubs and urinals.
Stand Trap
Trap used for slop sinks that are usually built low in the ground.
Running Trap
Trap used within the line of house drain.
Deep Seal P-Trap
Trap which water seal is one and a half to twice the size of the common p-trap.
Drum trap
Trap with 0.16m in diameter
Drum Trap
Trap with a large diamater usually used for bath tubs, shower and floor drain.
Drain pipe clean outs shall open in the direction of the flow. True/False
True
ONE PIPE DIAMETER is the "maximum" total fall in a fixture drain due to pipe slope. True/False
True
On a combination pressure/temperature relief valve the discharge pipe is the "same size" as the relief valve outlet and trapped. True/False
True
On a combination pressure/temperature relief valve there is no check shut off valve installed between the relief valve and the tank. True/False
True
The "maximum" distance between drain pipe clean outs shall be 100 feet. True/False
True
The fixture trap may serve as a clean out for a drain pipe clean out. True/False
True
Polybutylene
Tube made of plastic material and colored black
are centrifugal pumps used for large applications because of their multiple impellers Turbine Pumps can discharge up to 2000 GPM
Turbine Pumps
Digestion, Leaching
Two chambers of the septic tank.
Earth Cool, Mechanical
Two types of grease traps.
Pendent
Type of sprinkler head used when piping is concealed
Sv type
Types of cast iron soil pipe For bldg. installations
Xv type
Types of cast iron soil pipe For underground insullation
crossover
U shaped pipe for by passing another pipe
Subsoil drain
Underground drain pipe that received subsurface or seepage
What is Type K copper supply pipe used for?
Underground/ gas and heating
Fixture units
Unit for measuring the probable demand for water by plumbing fixture for the probable discharge of liquid waste from the fixture, equivalent to 7 100 gallons or 1 cubic foot per minute
Air gap
Unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe supplying water to a tank and the flood level rim of the receptacle
Bottom of riser
Up-feed hot water distribution system,large pipe installed??
Waterless urinal
Urinal that Employs a liquid sealant that floats on top of a liquid collected in a trap which draining liquid can pass while preventing others from escaping the drain
Drain Tiles
Use to prevent groundwater from seeping through the basement
Propane torch
Used as a heat source for brazing and soldiering pipework
Vent Pipe
Used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system.
Grease Trap
Used for fixtures where grease may be introduced into the drainage or sewer system.
Fumigant
Used for the destruction or control of insect and other pest and shall be distinguished from insecticides and disinfectant
Copper Pipe
Used in installation in interiors and/or underground.
Looped Vent
Used is spaces without partition
Piston Pumps
Used on small water distribution system for-elevation water in wells or other sources
Safety Valve
Used on water system, heating system, compressed airlines and other pipeline with excessive pressure
Plunger
Used to clear debris blocking a drain trap or by creating back pressure on the obstruction
Drain snake
Used to clear or remove debris is that obstruct a drain pipe from a sink or toilet by extending into the piping. Some drain augers can reach through up to 100 feet of pipe
Trap adapter
Used to connect a Problem-trap
Dielectric union
Used to connect copper with galvanized pipe
Fitting
Used to connect one or more pipes.
Pipe cutter
Used to cut metal pipe to the desired size
Fixture Unit
Used to define the probable demands on plumbing fixtures. One fixture unit is approximately equal to the unit flow rate of one cubic foot per minute
Durham System
Used to describe soil waste system where all piping is of threaded pipe
Vice grips
Used to grip round metal stock or sheet metal firmly without much effort
Soldering iron
Used to heat metal in solder to form a joint
Bending Spring
Used to prevent bends or folds when working with soft copper piping
Reverse osmosis
Used to reduce the mineral content in water.
P-Trap
Used to stop games from getting into a building and
Globe valve
Used to turn water on and off and to regulate the flow at intermediate rates. Even when wide opne, flow is somewhat restricted
Gate valve
Used when water flow must be either turned completely on or off. Causes water turbulence in pipes when not completely turned on or off.
Running trap
Used within the line of the house drain
used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap seals.
VENT PIPE
Vent Stack Thru Roof
VSTR
What is required on all outdoor hose and faucet fixtures?
Vacuum breaker
What type of protection is required on an irrigation system?
Vacuum breaker
Bottom for tank-type water heater and bottom for tanks connected to water heaters Shall have ___ ___ valve installed.
Vacuum relief (that complies with ANSI Z21.22) (P2803.7 vacuum relief valve
Corporation stop
Valve controlling the flow of water or gas from the main bus service pipe
Flush valve
Valve located at the bottom of a tank
Corporation Cock
Valve screwed in to the street water main to supply the house service connections
Flushometer valve
Valve that discharge a predetermined water to fixtures for flushing purposes
a pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack below the floor and below horizontal connection to an adjacent vent stack at a point above the floor and higher than the highest spill level of fixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stacks.
Yoke or By-pass Vent
Low-flow toilet
You flush toilet. You said no more than 1.6 gallons or 6 liters of water per flush a requirement of the US Energy Policy Act of 1992
A lavatory is __________.
a bathroom or washroom sink
distribution box
a box through which the flow of effluent from a septic tank is distributed to the drainage tiles of a drain field,also called diversion box
dosing chamber
a chamber of a large septic tank employing siphonic action to automatically discharge a large volume of effluent when a predertermined quantity has accumulated
loop vent
a cicuit vent that loops back and connects within a stack vent instead of a vent stack
apprenticeship
a combination of on the job training and related classroom instruction under the supervision of a journey - level craft person- to learn practical and theoretical aspects of a high skilled occupation
blow-off
a controlled outlet or a pipeline to discharge liquid
union
a three piece fitting that joins two sections of pipe but allows them to be disconnected without cutting the pipe
absortion bed
a trench wider than 36 in. or 914 mm containing coarse aggregates and two or more distribution pipe through which the effluent from a septic tank may seep into surrounding soil ,also called seepage bed
street
a type of offset fitting in which one end has the same outside diameter as a connecting pipe or fitting
boiler blow-off
a valve outlet of a boiler that permits discharge of accumulated sediment
individual vent
a vent connecting a fixture drain to a main or branch vent,also calle d revent
branch vent
a vent connecting one or more individual vents with a vent stack or stack vent
backvent
a vent installed on the sewer sides of a trap
fresh air inlet
a vent pipe admitting fresh air into the drainage system of the connected to the building drain at or before the building trap
circuit vent
a vent serving two or more traps and extending from infront of the last fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent stack
The vertical, upper portion above the top-most fixture through which gases and odors escape the sanitary drainage system, carrying no liquids or solids, best describes __________.
a vent stack
relief vent
a vent that provides circulation of air between a drainage and a venting system by connecting a vent stack to a horizontal drain between the first fixture and the soil waste stack
continuous vent
a vertical vent formed by a continuation of the drain line to which it connects
vent stack
a vertical vent installed primarily to provides circulation of air to or from any part of a drainage system
ABS stands for __________.
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
abs
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, waste water venting
pipe wrench
adjustable wrench for gripping and turning pipes it has serrated jaws that are adjusted to grip pipe
The waste from an automatic clothes washer must discharge its water through a(n) ________ into a standpipe or into a laundry tub.
air break or air gap
pertains to both heating and cooling plus humidity control,ventilation, filtering and other processing
air conditioning
AHU
air handling unit
a.s.t.m
american society of testing and measurement an international standards organizaion develops and publises voluntary consensus technical standards.
The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between an outlet and the rim best describes ___________.
an air gap in the drainage system
drainfield
an open area containing an arrangement of absorption trenches through which septic tank effluent from a septic tank may seep or leach into the surrounding soil.also called absorption field ,disposal field
cheater
an unsafe method of gaining extra leverage when using a tool
brazed joint
any joint obtained by joining of metal parts with allows which melt at temperatures higher than 449 degrees centigrade
branch
any part of the piping system other than the main
shutoff valve
any piping valve that stops the flow of water - usually a gate valve
Pyrophoric
any substance that ignite spontaneously when exposed to air
o ring
are rubber rings that are placed around faucets to prevent water from leaking where two pieces of metal are screwed together
a poor heat conductor obtained from natural hydrous magnesium silicate that can withstand high tempratures
asbestos pipe
Where would one find the drip leg on a water heater?
at the bottom of the vertical pipe leading to the gas heating system
The flow of liquids in potable water distribution piping in reverse of its intended path caused by back-siphonage or back-pressure best describes ________.
backflow
Sink
basin ,as in a kitchen or laundry, connected with the water supply and drainage system for washing
sink type of trap (draw)
bottle trap
piping material used with screwed fittings in large expansive bldg
brass
plug
bushion
how is water pressure created?
by using a water pump to pump water or by allowing gravity from a water tower
Fixture drain
drain extending from the top a plumbing fixture to a junction with a waste or soil stack
distribution pipe
drain tile laid wth open joints or perforated pipe having sufficient openings for the distribution of the effluent from a septic tank .also called distribution line
DMV
dranin, waste, and vent
what is potable water?
drinking water
series of pipes and ducts from AHU (air handling unit) to point of utilization
duct system
sump pump
electric pump used to remove water from a basement or any collection pit
water closet shape that is more sanitary and easier to keep clean
elongated type
stack vent
extention of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack ,also soil vent ,waste vent
hose bibb
external valve water fitting to which a water hose is connected
surface attach
fastening to surface
what is scum?
fats, oil and grease that float to top of septic tank
cap
female bushion
sand filter
filter for cleaning water or purifying effuents,consisting of layers of course stone ,coarse ,gravel and sand becoming finer toward the top
Plastic bathtubs are made with _________ in case of accidental exposure to a plumber's torch.
fire-resistant chemicals
what is a cleanout?
fitting access in drainage pipe for cleaning and inspection
waterCloset
fixture consisting of a ceramic bowl with a detachable. hinged seat ana li and a device for flushing with water, use for defecation and urination. Also called toilet
teflon tape
flexible waterproof ribbon for covering threaded pipe joints to prevent leakage
Where should TPR pipes discharge to?
floor indirect waste receptor outdoors
Backflow
flow of a liquid with opposite to the usual or desired direction
square
forming a true right angle of 90 degrees
battery
group of two or more similar plumbing fixtures discharging into a common waste or soil branch
head vs pressure
head = pressure x 2.31
radiation
heat transfer from the suns rays that only heat up on contact and does not heat up the air around it
conduction
heat transfer through a solid or metal
convection
heat transmission through a liquid or gas
full sized hole
hole bigger than fastner
what are the components of a typical septic system?
household collection system, septic tank, effluent distribution, drain field, replacement area
install through
in one side and out the other
Where should the TPR valve be located on a hot water tank?
in the upper 6 inches of the hot water tank on the hot water side
is one with a terminal not directly connected to the plumbing system
indirect waste
due to some objectionable acid wastes, industrial drain usually terminate into
industrial basin
industrial plants have this to clean out wwater
industrial basin
receives discharges from industrial equipments
industrial drain
for underground supply outside bldg, but not used inside must be galvanized
iron
flux
is a compound commonly used in plumbing applications where two joints are connected using solder
what is the purpose of a plumbing venting system?
it allows water being supplied to house to be partially ventilated
what is a waste line?
it connects fixtures to the soil stack
Constructed with a ball connected to the handle
key cock
storm drain usually terminates into
lakes, rivers, dry runs, or natural basins
effluent
liquefied sewage that flows from a building's disposal system into the public sewer system or to a private on site system
effluent
liquid sewage that has been treated in septic tank or sewage treatment plant
Indirect
mains into cistern and cold taps fed of this cistern
direct system
mains straight into all cold taps
straight
no waves or bends
Distance of Septic Tank/ leach field and live stock to avoid contamination of wells.
not less than 100 ft.
cast iron pipe
often used in residential waste-water systems because it is a much quieter pipe for draining applications than plastic
knurled
on edge of thumbscrew, used for grip
horizontal
parallel to the horizon
vertical
perpendicular to the horizon
volume of cylinder
pi(R squared)h
vent
pipe connecting a drain near one or more traps to a vent stack or stack vent
what is a plumbing vent?
pipe installed to provide flow of air to or from drainage pipes
caulking
plugging an opening with oakum.
pe
polyethylene, exterior water services, not with sun light
pvc
polyvinyle chloride, mostly wastewater, a plastic, widely used for piping in both hot and cold water system and it drainage systems especially where corrosion may be a problem.
Over flow opening
prevents waste water from suddenly being siphoned back through the faucet and contaminating the water supply
Tankless/ Instant
quickly heats water with within a heating coil at teh point of use
potable water
recycled water is not a good source of potable water. It requires expensive treatment to make it potable
If an inspector notices a 40 to 50 year old galvanized steel water supply system, what could he expect?
reduced water volume and pressure
aerator
removable threaded housing for a screen attached to a faucet spout that creates a uniform flow stream. many are available in a 0.5 gallon per minute(gpm) style to adhere to water conservation objectives.
what is the purpose of a septic tank?
removes solid materials from waste water and to filter water before it returns to the water table
copper m
residential, hard thin walled,indoor
coupling
rocord female female
plunger
rubber funnel shaped instrument attached to the end of a handle used for unblocking toilets, sinks and drains
Gasket
rubber or metal ring inserted between two make surfaces to make the joint watertight
when would you install a septic tank?
rural properties that cannot connect to city sewers
from sink, shower, kitchen , floor
sanitary drain
receives discharges of sanitary and domestic waste only
sanitary drain
pvc cutter
scissor type cutters should only be used on 1" pipe or smaller
scratch awl
scratching sheet metal
what are the three fractions of a septic tank?
scum, effluent, sludge
tailpiece
section of pipe that runs between a fixture outlet and the trap
sludge
sediment that settles out of sewage ,forming a semi solid mass on the bottom of a septic tank
aerator
seivelike device for mixing air and the faucet flowing from the end of a spigot
what is effluent?
semi-treated waste water that comprised majority of materials in septic tank
pitched
set at a specified downward slant
Gate valve
shutoff valve closed by lowering the wedge-shaped gate across the passage
common vent
single vent serving two fixture and drains connected at the same level ,also called dual vent
Air-admittance valves protect traps from _________.
siphonage
plumber's putty
soft pliable caulking and sealing compound that is used to make watertight seals around faucets and drains
What happens when a plumbing waste pipe slopes too much?
solids are left behind
what is sludge?
solids which collect at the bottom of the septic tank where most bacteria lives
inexpensive but not durable due to corrosion, must be galvanized
steel pipe
receives the discharges of all storm clear water or surface water waste except sanitary wastes
storm drain
clay pipe usually found in
storm drains
sewage treatment plant
structures and appurtenances for receiving the discharge of a sanitary drinage system and reducing the organic and bacterial content of the waste so as to render it less offensives or dangerous
what are the key parts of a plumbing system?
supply system and drain-waste-vent system
tee
t shaped pipe fitting for making threeway joint
what is a sewer pipe?
takes waste to treatment plant
Sanitary tee
tee having a slight curve in the 90 degree transition to channel the flow from a branch pipe in the direction of the main
drop tee
tee having lugs for attachment to a wall or joist
scum clear space
the distance between the bottom of a layer of scum and the bottom of a outlet in a septic tank
what is a residential building drain?
the horizontal pipe at the lowest point in the building which receives discharge from other drainage pipes and leads to the public or private sewer
what two needs must be considered when designing a plumbing system?
the kind and number of fixture, quantity of hot and cold water
flood level
the level at which water would overflow the rim of the plumbing fixture
sewage
the liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter in suspension or solution that passes through a sewer
seat
the part or surface of valve in which this stem is close to stop flow completely
building supply
the pipe carrying potable water from the water meter
Curb cock
Control valve for shutting off the water supply to the building in case of emergency. Installed in the water service pipe and operated by means of a long key inserted through a curb box. Also call or stop
Curb Stop
Control valve for the water supply of a building, usually placed in case of emergency or should the water supply of the building be disconnected
Blow off
Controlled outlets on a pipeline
used for control, isolation and repair of the water distribution system
Controls & Valves
Globe Valve
Controls the flow of water with a movable spindle
Waste Pipe
Conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal matter.
Water distributing pipe
Conveys water from the Water service pipe to the plumbing fixtures
Durable and extremely corrosive resistant
Copper Pipe
Type K L M
Copper tube for water supply. K- thickest GREEN L- medium BLUE M- Thinnest RED DWV - YELLOW drainage waste and vent.
What do dielectric connectors prevent?
Corrosion
Reducer
Coupling decreasing in diameter at one end
Union
Coupling device for connecting two pipes, neither of which can be turned, consisting of two internally threaded and pieces that are tightened around the pipe end to be joined, an externally threaded centerpiece which draws the two and pipes together as it is rotated
Increaser
Coupling increasing diameter at one end
Fogging
Creation of loud of ultra-fine droplets
What term refers to the termination of a faucet below the flood rim of a fixture?
Cross connection
Trap
Curved section of drain line that prevents sewer odors from escaping into the atmosphere. All fixtures that have drains must have a "P" trap installed. A toilet is the only plumbing fixture with an "S" trap.
drum trap
Cylindrical trap closed on the bottom and having a cover plate for access usually installed on the drain line from a bathtub
All horizontal drains shall be provided with cleanouts located no more than ___ feet apart A. 50 B. 75 C. 80 D. 100
D. 100
Friction occurs when liquid flowing through the pipe makes contact with the pipe enclosures, thus reducing the speed of water flow . There is greater Friction Head Loss with longer pipes, small diameter pipes, and a high number of valves of fittings
Friction Head Loss
The principal artery of the venting system to which branches may be connected is called A. Branch vent B. Vertical vent C. Vent D. Main vent
D. Main vent
Gate Valve
Full way valve
Used mainly to completely close or completely open the water line (does not control flow of water) Best suited to the main supply and pump lines wherein operation is infrequent
GATE VALVE
Copper tube and fittings used for drainage and vent piping installed above ground shall be at least ________ A. Type L B. Type M C. Type K D. None of the above
D. None of the above
The minimum clearance between the ceiling space and double wall vent pipe is: A. 2 inches B. 3 inches C. 1 inch D. None of the above
D. None of the above
The color ____ shall be sued to identity reclaimed, rain and gray water distribution systems. A. Orange B. Yellow C. Green D. Purple
D. Purple
Suppose you want to turn a vertical drain to a horizontal position. Which of the following fittings cannot be used for this purpose? A. Quarter bend B. Short-sweep fittings C. Short-turn elbow D. Sanitary tee
D. Sanitary tee
A backwater valve is used ____ A. To back water up the pipe B. To protect the system from backsiphonage C. To act as a bypass D. To prevent reverse flow in a drainage system
D. To prevent reverse flow in a drainage system
The joint of a wall hung lavatory, where it is in contact with the wall, shall be: A. Smooth B. Painted C. Concealed D. Watertight
D. Watertight
A lavatory drain that is connected int othe vent of the water closet is referred to as a A. Dirty arm B. Code installation C. Combination waste and vent D. Wet Vent
D. Wet Vent
A vent which also serves as a drain is a A. Island Vent B. Vent Stack C. Loop Vent D. Wet Vent
D. Wet Vent
Used for drilling oil . Can reach up to 1000 m
DRILLED WELL
Dug with a sharp pointed hollow slotted iron rod and well screen. Depths are from 10-15 meters
DRIVEN WELL
The standpipe is a pipe installed in buildings not as part of the water supply or waste disposal system but primarily for use as water conveyor in case of fire
DRY STAND PIPE
Drainage and Vent system
DWV system (Drainage, waste and Vent)
Water seal is about twice the size of The common P-trap
Deep Seal P-Trap
laundry tray
Deep sink for washing clothes
12.0 Meters
Depth of septic tank.
Gray and white respectively
Designated color as a background and text for CO2 gas service?
Brown and white respectively
Designated color as a background and text for Helium gas service
Black and white respectively
Designated color as a background and text for Nitrogen gas service according to nfpa's SDCOPGVS
Pressure vacuum breaker
Device consists of a 90 deg with hood on its top to allow air to enter the water system
Ball cock
Device for regulating the supply of water in a flush tank by means of a hollow floating ball, which by it rise or fall shut or open supply valve. Also called float valve
Backwater valve
Device installed in a drainage system to prevent reverse flow
Fire extinguisher
Device that contains chemicals, fluid, games for extinguishing fires
Vacuum relief valve
Device that prevents excessive vacuum in a pressure vessel
Drain pipe: A pipe used to carry off water or sewage Waste line: A pipe that carries water from a bathtub, shower, sink, or other fixture, excluding a toilet.
Difference between a drain pipe and a waste line?
flushing action is obtained directly from a flush valve connected into the bowl
Direct Flush Valve
Water is obtained through a large intake installed on the lake basin & extended into deep water
Direct Pressure Distribution
Water is provided by the city water companies using normal pressure from public water main
Direct Upfeed
What can lead to air being trapped between two trap seals?
Double trapping
Water is pumped into a large tank on top of the building and is distributed to the fixtures by means of gravity.
Downfeed (Overheadfeed) or Gravity System
fall
Downward slope of a conduit or channel express either as a percentage or inches per foot
Branch drain
Drain connecting one or more fixtures for soil or waste stack
100' away from any water system
Drain feild?
Scrupper
Drain normally located on a roof or deck that allows rainwater to drain
Wet Column (Wet Vent)
Drain or waste pipe that also acts for one or more fixtures on the same line.
Horizontal fixture branch
Drain pipe connecting several fixtures
What piping system is normally under pressure?
Drain piping systems
For a dishwasher drain, what is required above the flood level rim?
Drainage Air gap
DWV (Drain, Waste, Vent system)
Drainage, Waste & Vent. Pipes in a plumbing system that remove waste water. Not for drinking water.
Used for fixtures that discharge large amount of water (bathtubs, shower or floor drains)
Drum Trap
a vent that does not carry liquid or water-borne wastes.
Dry Vent
Cast iron soil pipe
Durable (<25story ) Commercial length: 600cm Dia:50-150mm
Copper pipe
Durable and extremely corrosive resistant Smooth interior surfaces
A 4 inch diameter drain pipe shall have a "minimum" clearance of 12 inches in front of a clean out. True/False
False
T/F: The inspector is not required to determine whether the water supply is public or private.
False
T/F: The inspector is required to determine the existence of polybutylene plumbing in a home.
False
T/F: The inspector is required to light or ignite pilot lights.
False
Back siphonage of non potable liquids into the potable water supply piping may be prevented by a CHECK VALVE. True/False
False. A check valve "will not" prevent back siphonage of non potable liquids into the potable water supply.
Anti scald faucet
Faucet having a thermoplastic alley controlled valve for maintaining the desired water temperature regardless of pressure or flow
Class B fire
Fire in inflammable liquid and gases
Class A
Fire involving ordinary combustible materials
Chime
Fire signaling device produces a pleasing. Or musical tone
Incipient stage fire
Fire which is in the initial or beginning stage which can be controlled or extinguished by portable fire extinguisher
Germany
First recorded used of iron piping was in 1445 in siegerland,___?
Trap
Fitting so design and constructed as to provide, a liquid seal that will prevent the back passage
Vertical pipe
Fitting that installed in a vertical position, not more than 45 deg with the vertical
W.C. water closet V.T.R. vent through roof SH. shower L. lavatory K.S. kitchen sink B.T. bathtub W.M. washing machine
Fixture Abbreviations:
the water supply pipe between the fixture supply pipe and the water- distributing pipe
Fixture Branch
Class B fire
Flammable liquids
Class I-A Liquids
Flash Point <22.8*C Boiling point <37.8*C
Class I-B Liquids
Flash Point <22.8*C Boiling point >37.8*C
Class I-C Liquids
Flash Point>22.8*C Boiling point <37.8*C
Class IIIA Liquid
Flash point 60-93*C
Class II Liquid
Flash point above 37.7-60*C
Class IIIB Liquid
Flash point above 93*C
PB
Flexible type of synthetic pipe
Pipes
Flexible, rigid hollow cylinders used for conveyance of water, steam or gas.
Backflow
Flow of water or other liquid from any source other than its intended source
According to the Standards of Practice, the inspector is required to _______ all the toilets.
Flush
High efficiency toilet
Flush toilet that Has a flashing volume 20% below the 1.6 GPF maximum 1.28 GPF or 4.8 liters
Urinal
Flushable fixture used by men for urinating
60*C
ForGeneral purpose cleaning and food preparations
Used mainly to completely close or completely open the water line (does not control flow of water). Best suited to the main supply and pump lines wherein operation is infrequent .
GATE VALVE "aka-full way valve"
GPM
Gallons per Minute. Unit of measurement by which flow rates of faucets and showerheads are measured and regulated.
Made out of mild steel and expected to last 15 to 25 years
Galvanized Steel Pipe
Better then steel pipe for plumbing installation More resistant to acid waste
Galvanized Wrought Iron Pipe
What material should never be used to supply piping in homes?
Gas piping
What is used to shut off water outdoors?
Gate Valve Ball Valve
What is Type M copper supply pipe used for?
General plumbing
What is Type L copper supply pipe used for?
General plumbing and heating
Angle valve
Globe vavlve having an outlet at the right angle of the inlet
Waste water with the exception of human wastes . From laundries, wash basins, sinks, tubs, etc.
Grey Water (or Area Water)
Sanitary waste
Grey water- can be recycled and used for irrigation Black water- human waste
victaulic
Grooved Pipe Joining Method
Battery of Fixtures
Group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal waste
Brake Horsepower
HP supplied to the pump from the motor
If a home inspector notices a leak from a TPR valve, what recommendation should he make to his client?
Have it checked out
Combustible Liquid
Having a flash point at above 37.8*C
female
Having recessed parts into which a corresponding part fits
hose bibb
Headed exterior faucet for attaching a garden hose, often a attached to the side of a house at about the height of a sill .Also called hosecock ,sillcock
Cast Iron
Heavy metal made of casting on molds to make fixtures such as sinks, tubs and lavatories, covered with a porcelain enamel coating. Casting is made of a series of alloys primarily of iron, carbon, and silicon.
Magnesium
Highly flammable metal 2980*C
Lead pipe
Highly resistant to acid Poisonous and injurious
pipe
Hollow cylinder of metal or plastic used for conveyance of water, steam, gas, or other liquid material
the principal water distribution pipe running from the water meter from which the various branches and risers to the fixtures are taken.
Horizontal Supply Main
Building sewer
Horizontal piping which extends from the end of the building drain and conveys waste into a public sewer
use 45° wye branches, combination wye - 1/8 bend branches, or other approved fittings of equivalent sweep
Horizontal to Horizontal change in direction
use 45° or 60° wye branches, combination wye -1/8 bend branches, sanitary tee or sanitary tapped tee branches, or other approved fittings of equivalent sweeps.
Horizontal to vertical change in direction
Key Cock
Hose Bibb - has grooves fit for a hose
What side is hot water located on and which side is cold water located on?
Hot is on the left Cold is on the right
Ember
Hot piece of lump that remains after a material has partially burned and is still oxidizing without the manifestation of flames
part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which receives the discharges from the soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer outside of the building.
House/Building Drain
extends from the house drain at a point 0.60 meters from the outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the junction with the street sewer or to any point of discharge, and conveying the drainage of one building site.
House/Building Sewer
By soil type
How do we size drain fields?
Anerobe bateria breaks down solids and goes out Exit T
How does a septic tank work?
30 gallons
How many gallons do an average daily consumption of a bathtub?
8.33lbs
How much does 1 gallon of water weight?
1 cubic foot of water drained in an 1 1/4 pipe over 1 minute.
How much is 1 F.U. Value?
When are cleanouts required within 10 feet?
If there are more than 3 inches of soil
bathtub
In a long time to bathe in, especially one that is a permanent fixture in the bathroom
Where is an air chamber typically located?
In the supply line above the faucet or valve
Plumbing system
Includes all potable water building supply and distribution pipes
Plumbing system
Includes the water supply and distribution pipes,plumbing fixtures and traps,water treating or water using equipment
Water is taken form a drilled well or underground water . Involves individual special mechanical equipment.
Indirect Pressure Distribution
a pipe installed to vent a fixture trap, that connects with the vent system above the fixture served or terminates in the open air
Individual Vent or Back Vent
Hot water supply system
Installation for hot water distribution consist of the piping work that convey the.heated water
Roughing in
Installation of all parts of the plumbing system that can be completed prior to the installation of fixtures
Damper
Installed inside air ducts which automatically closes to restrict the passage of smoke or fire
Vent Stack
Installed primarily for providing circulation of air to and from any part of the drainage system
Plumbing fixture
Installed receptacle device or appliances which are supplied with water
cap
Internally threaded fitting for enclosing the end of pipe
Joseph Bramah
Invented a water closet used extensively on ships and boats
Sir John Harington
Invented the 1st flushing water closet
SV
Iron pipe generally used for building installation
Polypropylene pipe
It doesn't get a lot of attention in the U.S., but PP has a 30-year history in Europe, where it enjoys an unblemished record for durability and health safety. It's a rigid plastic pipe, like CPVC, but it's not joined together with chemicals. Instead, heat is used to melt the mating ends and fuse them permanently together.
jet pumps are centrifugal pumps typically used for drawing water up from a well.
JET PUMPS
Use of extreme water pressure so as not to affect existing foundations in the vicinity. Makes use of a suction pump above, while casing acts as the pump riser. Used only where ground is relatively soft, hence sometimes referred to as "Sand-Point Wells".
JETTED WELL
Operates with a round tapering plug ground to fit a metal sheet. 'Hose bibb"-has grooves fit for a hose
Key Cock
1 1/2 inch
Kitchen sink need what size P-trap?
Volume of tank
L(W)(H)
Soil Stack
Largest vertical drain line to which all branch waste lines connect. This line carries waste to the sewer line.
Integral Lavatories
Lavatories (sinks) including the trap within the fixture.
1 1/4 inch
Lavatory drain tailpiece diameter
0.5 gpm
Lavatory flow rate atleast need?
The oldest pipe used for plumbing systems Poisonous and injurious, is therefore not recommended to convey water for human consumption
Lead Pipe
Developed length
Length along the center line of a pipe and fittings
1.50 Meters
Length of septic tank.
Branch interval
Length of soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a story height
Branch interval
Length of soil or waste stack corresponding to a story height but never less than 8 feet or 2.4 meters within which horizontal branch drain from one floor are connecting
Ozonation
Less esthetic than aeration but more certain oxidation process
High hazard content
Liable to burn with extreme rapidity
Ordinary hazard
Liable to burn with moderate rapidity or to give off considerable volume of smoke
Corrosive liquid
Liquid causes fire when in contact with organic matter
Effluent
Liquid content of sewage; partly treated water inside the septic tank.
Flammable Liquids
Liquids having a flash point below 37.8*C
1. Cheap 2. Durable 3. Easy to work with 4. Slick 5. Does not conduct heat (stays warm longer)
List 5 Characteristics of PVS that make it the preferred product for drainage DMV systems:
Evaporation, Back pitched, Negative pressure, Positive pressure, Crack/leak
List 5 ways to potentially break a "trap seal":
a pipe or shaft to convey foul air from a plumbing fixture or a room to the outer air.
Local Vent
Foot Valve
Located at the lower end of the pumps Retention valve to
15 meters
Location of the septic tanks should be _________ from the water distribution system.
During a shower inspection, how can you determine compliance of safety glazing?
Look for the manufacturer's label in the glass.
a vertical vent connection on a horizontal soil or waste pipe branch at a point downstream of the last fixture connection and turning to a horizontal line above the highest overflow level of the highest fixture connected there Used in spaces without partitions
Looped Vent
Drawdown
Lowering the water surface level as in a well or the distance by which the ground water level is lowered as a result of pumping
Building drain
Lowest piping of the drainage system inside the wall
Invert
Lowest portion of the inside of a horizontal pipe
male
Made to fit into a corresponding open or recess part
Check Valve
Main function is to prevent reversal of flow
Combined building sewer
Main horizontal pipe that received storm water and sewage
Ventilation
Maintained balance atmospheric pressure
Kohler, American Standard, MOEN, Delta
Manufacture companies of plumbing fixtures and products
Oxidizing material
Material that readily yields oxygen
Backflow preventer
Means to prevent Backflow into potable water system
Smelting
Melting or fusing of metallic ores
What type of underground pipe should be used for grounding electrodes if greater than 10 feet in earth?
Metal underground pipes
3 inches
Min drain size for toilets
2" pipe must slope 1/4" per foot
Minimum fall per foot?
What are laundry standpipe min and max standards above the trap?
Minimum is 18 inches Maximum is 42 inches
3" 4" over two water closets
Minimum size of a building drain? In what circumstance?
153 mm
Minimum size of dry standpipe if highest outlet is higher than 23m above fire service connection
2"
Minimum size of the required vent thru roof (VTR)?
2% or 20 mm
Minimum slope or pitch of horizontal drainage pipe.
135 deg F
Minimum temperature for automatic sprinkler system to open
82 *C
Minimum temperature needed for sanitizing rinse
1 1/4 inch
Minimum trap size of a bidet
3"
Minimun size drain to serve a water closet?
Siphonage
Minus pressure
Blasting agent
Mixture consisting of fuel and oxidizer used to set off explosives
Water
Most basic and fundamental component of life on earth
individual VEnt
Most effective means of venting fixture trap to prevent minus or plus pressure
OverHead and Gravity Return
Most efficiently method of delivering hot water to fixtures Generally use in multi-stores building
Unit system
Most practical method in determining size of house drain
Reservoir
Natural or artificial place where water is collected in store for you specially water for supplying community, and irrigulating land, or furnishing power
Hard water
Natural water with dissolve minerals
Sewer System
Network of pipes that allows the smooth flow of the liquid waste.
When inspecting a water heater can the discharge pipe be 1/2 inch ID pipe and the relief valve outlet be 5/8 inch ID?
No
150mm
No building sewer shall be smaller than __ diameter nor less in size of building drain
5m
No incinerator is operated within __ away of any structure
2
No more ___water closet shall discharge into any 75mm horizontal soil branch
Pressure
Normal force exerted by a homogeneous liquid or gas
The pressure relief valve is set to open at 25 psi ABOVE the system pressure. The system pressure is 130 psi. Is this acceptable? Why or why not?
Not acceptable because maximum pressure is 150 psi total.
Extinguisher rating
Numerical rating given to an extinguisher which indicates the extinguishing potential of the unit based on standard test
Back pressure back flow
Occurs due to an increased reverse pressure above the supply pressure
If an inspector sees two pipes protruding from the ground and one of the pipes is two inches vertical, what might he suspect these pipes to be?
Oil fill and vent pipes
Vitrified clay pipe
Oldest material used for sewer lines Resistant to acid Brittle
Lead
Oldest plumbing materials used by the Egyptian, Greek and Roman
Where is the full open valve required on a water heater?
On the cold water supply
Single family dwelling
Only dwelling located on a parcel of ground with the usual accessory building
Compression Cock
Operates by the compression of a soft packing upon a metal sheet
Angle Valve
Operates in the same manner as globe valve
Class A fire
Ordinary combustible
Boiler blow off
Outlet on a boiler
oldest form of disposal of organic waste. Consists of a vault constructed of concrete for the collection of raw sewage and a wooden shelter
Outside Privy
Does not have any pressure concerns but relies on gravity to supply water to fixtures below . -Usually made of galvanized steel, stainless steel, or reinforced concrete, it can come in various shapes and sizes
Overhead Tank
wet vent
Oversized bite function but as a soil or waste pipe an vent
What is the name of the legal and commonly used trap?
P trap
Water is sucked into a sealed vacuum by use of a piston Single Action (water is drawn in with only 1 motion). Double Action (water is drawn in with either stroke). Duplex or Twin Piston Pump
PISTON PUMPS
Used in the Air Pressure System. Often used with a pump. Also makes use of a pressure relief valve, which relieves pressure automatically if necessary .
PNEUMATIC WATER TANKS
Plastic Plumbing Pipes
PVC- most widely used for water supply with NFS seal ABS used for sanitary drainage, and DWV installations
what are four types of piping in most commonly used?
PVP, CPVC, plastic, copper
House/Building Drain
Part of the lowest horizontal plumbing system.
Vestibule
Passage hall or antechamber
Overall efficiency
Percentage ratio of water HP to motor HP
What does the term "Plumb" in construction refer to?
Perfectly vertical
any combination of fixtures within two bathroom groups located on the same floor level are___ to be vented by a horizontal wet vent
Permitted (P3108.1 horizontal wood vent permitted)
Soil pipe
Pipe carrying the discharge from water closet or urine out to the building drain or building sewer
cross
Pipe fitting for making a four-way connection
sweep fitting
Pipe fitting having a large radius of curvature
Bushing
Pipe fitting used to reduce the size of an opening
Clean out
Pipe fitting with a removable plug giving access to soil or waste pipe for inspection or cleaning
bell and spigot
Pipe joint made by fitting the end(spigot ) of one pipe into the enlarged end(bell ) of another pipe and sealing with a caukling compound or a compressive ring
Horizontal pipe
Pipe or fitting that is installed in a horizontal position, angle of less than 45 deg with the horizontal
Indirect waste
Pipe system does not connect directly but conveys liquid waste
Drain
Pipe that carries waste or waterborne waste in a building drainage system
Tail piece
Pipe that connects outlet of a plumbing fixtures to a trap
Soil pipe
Pipe that convey the discharge of water closet
Vent lines
Pipes extending up from a fixture and through the roof to allow airflow within a plumbing system. keeps water pressure in the drainage system equalized
Horizontal pipe
Pipes makes an angle of more than 45 deg with vertical
Cold water supply system
Piping and fittings which supply cold water from the building water supply to the fixtures
Wet standpipe
Piping installation.wherein both the mains and distribution pipes are constantly filled with water
Waste Drainage System
Piping is free of fecal flow
Branch
Piping system other than a main,riser or stack
Storm Drainage System
Piping system that received clear water drainage from leader. Downspouts and etc.
Vent system
Piping system that receives a flow or air to or from a drainage system
Soil Drainage system
Piping that convey the discharge of water closet (containing fecal matter) with or without the discharge from other fixtures
Waste Drainage system
Piping that received the liquid discharge from plumbing fixtures other than water closet.
Drainage system
Piping with in the public and private premises that convey sewage and other liquid waste. Does not include mains of public sewer system private or public sewerage treatment disposal plant
What kind of piping is okay underground, outside of buildings?
Plastic
Group B Plastic
Plastic material having heat of combustion and burning fate higher than that of ordinary combustibles, but not as high as those of group A plastic
Group A Plastic
Plastic materials having a heat of combustion much higher than that of ordinary combustibles and burning rate higher than that of group B plastics
Group C Plastics
Plastic materials having heat combustion and burning rate similar to those of ordinary combustibles
Superior type of pipe because it weighs less, is easy to cut, isflexible, has a smooth interior surface, and is cheaper than steel Most are produced from synthetic resins
Plastic or Synthetic Pipe
How are gas pipes supported?
Plumb
Sanitaryware
Plumbing fixtures such a sink and toilet bowls made of vitreous china, porcelain snamel or ensmled metal
PVC
Polyvinyl chloride. A rigid white or cream-colored plastic pipe used in non-pressure systems, such as drainage, waste and vent systems.
Groundwater
Portion of rainwater which has percolated into the earth to form underground deposits
Ventilation system
Portion of the drainage pipe installation intended to maintain a balanced atmospheric pressure inside the system.
Building subdrain
Portion of the drainage system which cannot drain by gravity
PSI
Pounds per Sq Inch- measure of water and air pressure
Plumbing
Practice, material and fixtures utilize in the installation, maintenance, extension and alteration of all piping, fixtures, plumbing appliance and plumbing appurtenances
S-Trap
Predecessor of P-Trap.
Residual Pressure
Pressure drop due to friction loss
Static pressure
Pressure existing without any flow
Vacuum
Pressure less than exerted by the atmosphere
Yoke vent
Preventing pressure changes in the stack
Main
Principal artery of any system
Stabilization
Process of decomposition of excreta in septic tank
Sedimentation
Process removes some suspended matter from water simply by allowing time and the inactivity of water to do the work.
Ductility
Property of a material that described as being stretched
Elasticity
Property of a material that enables it to deform in response to an applied form
Weather ability
Property of a material which enables it to retain its appearance
Brittleness
Property of a material which fractures under low stress.
Malleability
Property of a metal that permits mechanical deformation.
Relief Vent
Provides additional circulation of air between the drainage and vent system
Fixture units
Quantity in terms of which the load producing affects on the plumbing system
Plumbing code of the Philippines
RA 1378
piston pumps that operate with controlled speed. The discharge from a reciprocating pump is pulsating and changes only when the speed of the pump is changed. Sometimes an air chamber is introduced to regulate the pulsation.
RECIPROCATIONG PUMP
Rotary pumps are piston pumps that make use of a pump driver Rotary Pumps can discharge from 900 to 1200 GPM Rotary Pumps are more efficient for viscous fluids
ROTARY PUMP
Storm water
Rain, surface run-off
Solvent welding
Simplest way of joining plastic pipe
Flush Mounted
Sink that sits flush and even with the countertop and is supported by a metal ring.
- Has a larger trapway making it less likely to clog - Quieter flushing action - Retains a large amount of standing water
Siphon Jet
- Less noisy and very efficient - Flushing action is started by a whirlpool motion followed by a complete flush down - Retains a large amount of standing water
Siphon Vortex
2 inches
Size drain need for a shower stall
1 1/2 inch
Size of drain for one piece tub/shower
Grade
Slope or fall of pipes
How should all vent pipes be situated?
Sloped to drain
Range boiler
Small and generally made of copper. Or stainless steel hot water tank
Recessed sprinkler
Sprinkler in which all or part of the body other than the shank thread is mounted within a settled housing
Looped Sprinkler
Sprinkler system in which multiple cross mains are tied together so as to provide more than one path for water
the extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.
Stack Vent
Used for fixtures such as slop sinks that are usually built low in the ground, leaving very little space for a foundation & a trap
Stand Trap
A___-__ fire sprinkler shall be separate and independent from the water distribution system.
Stand- alone A multipurpose fire sprinkler system shall supply domestic water to both fire sprinklers and plumbing fixtures. (P2904.1 general)
Pipe fitting
Standard parts such as an elbow, Union, or tee, for connecting two or more types
Dry standpipe
Standpipe system normally not filled with water
Dry standpipe
Standpipe which are normally not filled with water
What type of valve is required for water service shut off?
Stop and waste valve
Explosive Magazine
Storage of explosive, she'lls, projectiles and ammunition
Water main
Street main
Public way
Strip of land unobstructed from the ground to the sky
Organic Peroxide
Strong oxidizing organic compound which releases oxygen readily
Submersible Pumps are designed to be fully immersible within a tank or other media storage receptacle. Many common types of pumps can be designed by manufacturers to be submersible
Submersible Pump
What is the name of the pump used to remove water that has accumulated water collecting in the basement of homes?
Sump pump
are used in applications where excess water must be pumped away from a particular area. Sump pumps, in general, is a category that encompasses a number of styles of pumps that are used to pump out collected fluid
Sump pumps
Used for Hot Water Space Heating System
System Relief Valve
Deluge Sprinkler
System employing open sprinkler that are attached to a piping system that is connected to a water supply
Combination Standpipe
System filled with water and connected constant water supply for the use of BFP
Plumbing
System of pipe ,valves,fixtures and other apparatus of water supply or sewage system
Plumbing
System of pipes and fixtures that bring water into buildings
Drainage system
System of pipes, traps and other apparatus for conveying sewage, waste water, or rain water to public sewer or private treatment facility
a fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the backflow of foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.
TRAP
_________ are best described as short lengths of pipe attached directly to a fixture by means of a flange for connection to other piping or traps.
Tailpieces
Flushometer Tank
Tank integrated within an air accumulator designed to discharge a predetermined water for flushing purposes
Flush tanks
Tank located above with water closet
Used for Hot Water Supply System
Temperature & Pressure Relief
What is required for tubs with a max temperature of 210 degrees?
Temperature limiting device
4 TYPES OF CHECK VALVE
The Swing Check Valve The Lift Check Valve Vertical Check Valve Horizontal Check Valve
2 TYPES OF GATE VALVE
The Wedge Shape or Tapered Disc The Double Disc Valve
rough in
The act or process of installing all parts of a plumbing system that will later be concealed, usually to the fixture connections
Water treatment
The act or process of making water more potable or useful by purifying ,clarifying or softening
Plumbing
The art and technique of installing in buildings the pipe
Where does a pressure or TPRV on a hot water tank have an extension to?
The floor
Backflow
The flow of water or other liquids
Back-siphonage
The flowing back of used, contaminated water or polluted water from a plumbing fixture
flow pressure
The fluid pressure in a supply pipe at a faucet or other outlet while the faucet or outlet is wide open and water is flowing, expressed in psi
Developed length
The length of a pipeline measured along the center line of the pipe and pipe fittings
Stack Vent
The length of pipe that rises above the highest fixture in a building. Used to vent the soil stack
Building drain
The lowest part of a drainage system that receives the discharge from soil and waste stack inside the wall of a building and conveys it by gravity to the buildings are also called house drain
Invert
The lowest point on the interior of a drainpipe or sewer where the liquid is deepest
Water main
The main pipe through Which a public or community water system conveys water to all services connection
Bonnet
The part of a valve casing through which the stem passes in the form of guide and seal for stem
Back vent pipe
The part of a vent line. Sometimes called individual vent
Vent System
The piping system that receives a flow or air to or form a drainage system or to provide a circulation off air which such system to protect trap seal
Head
The pressure at the lower of two given point in a liquid expressed in terms of the vertical distance between the points. Also called pressure head
Cistern
The reservoir or tank for strong and holding water ,such as rain water collect from a roof for used when required
What size should the TPR Valve drain size be?
The same size as the outlet valve leaving the water heater
Water supply
The supply or purified water to a community, usually including such facilities as reservoirs and pipe lines for storing disturbing this water
Water system
The system of pipes, valves, and fixtures for distributing and using water in a building
Water Distribution
The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe other faucet conveying potable water supply to the flood levelers of any tank,valve or fixtures
air gap
The vertical distance between the spout of a faucet or another outlet of a supply pipe in the floo level of a receptacle
Stack
The vertical main in the drain, waste, and vent system, extending one or more stories.
Stack
The vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipings extending through one or more storeys and extended thru the roof.
Alignment valve
The washerless valve by aligning holes in a cylinder or ball
What is the exception to the rule regarding water heaters requiring platforms?
The water heater must have FVIR Flammable Vapor Ignition Resistance
What happens to water pressure as the height of the fixture increases?
The water pressure decreases
Molded insulation
Thermal insulation premolded to fit around pipes in pipe fittings
How do air admittance valves work?
They are pressure activated
Wall hung
This is designed to be attached to or hun on wall
Class Pipe
Three major classes used for piping and fittings receiving used water from buildings.
Interceptor
To separate and retain deleterious,hazardous matter
common
To serve more than one appliances fixtures or system
wash down
Toilet bowl having simple washout action in emptying through a small irregular passage
siphonjet
Toilet bowl in which the flushing water enters through the tim and siphonic action initiated by a water jet drawsthe content of the bowls through trapways
reverse trap
Toilet bowl similar to the siphon jet but having a smaller water surface and trapway
What plumbing fixture is most likely to cause rotting of the wood subflooring?
Toilets
water tower
Tower into which water is pumped to your hydration to maintain its higher pressure for distribution to the customers or fire fire lighting
Direct effect of the Minus & Plus Pressure inside the system due to inadequate ventilation of traps
Trap Seal Loss
what is a residential soil stack?
the vertical pipe that extends from lowest point in the system to above the roof. drain lines from all fixtures lead into the soil stack and the bottom end connects to sewer septic line
coupling on both parts
threaded
why is a septic tank compartmentalized?
to break down and destroy the materials deposited in the septic tank
leach
to cause water or other liquid to percolate through something so as to dissolve out soluble constituents
recess install
to insert into an indentation or alcone
flush install
to install as to be even
flues extend to the top of the building
to provide natural draft and vent the products of combustion above the level of occupancy. They project minimum of 2' above at any point of the roof within 10'
what is the purpose of a water tower?
to provide water for peak use periods
reducer
to reduce a section of pipe to a smaller diameter
siphon vortex
toilet bowls similar to the siphonjet but having the flushing water directly through the rim to create a vortex that scours the boss
level
true horizontal
plumb
true vertical
copper k
underground, thick walled
brass pipe
use for faucets,
galvanized and black steel pipe
use for residential gas supply piping
plug
use to terminate a section of pipe, a plug is a fitting that screws into the inside of a section of pipe
pilot hole
used as a guide hole for the next screw
center punch
used for indenting
what is the storm drain system?
used to carry away water from gutters, driveways, etc
adapter
used to connect pipes of different sizes or materials together.
coupling
used to connect two pieces of pipe having the same diameter
union
used to connect two pieces of pipe, while allowing for them to be disconnected without being cut
Tee
used to creae a branch lines
pipe strap
used to help secure tubing to walls, studs or structures it is a metal perforated strap
bushing
used to reduce a section of pipe like a reducer, but threads inside a fitting to create the reduction.
cap
used to terminate a section of pipe, a cap is a fitting that fits around the outside of a pipe
Mixing valve
valve for controlling the relative amount of hot and cold water and meeting from separate hot water in cold water lines
flushometer valve
valve that supplies a fixed quantity of water or fixture for flushing purposes when actuated by direct water pressure
globe valve
valve with a global our body, close by disk seating on an opening in an internal wall
Check valve
vavle permitting a liquid or gas to flow in one direction only
pressure applied to air inside ceiling (pnb escolta mid 60s)
ventilating ceiling
soil stack
vertical soil pipe
made of earthenware material which is glazed so that it is impervious to water and has a high resistance to corrosion
vitrified clay pipe
Hot water is ___________.
water at a temperature of 110° F or higher
A toilet or commode is referred to in plumbing standards as a ________.
water closet
A __________ is an anchoring ring secured to the floor, and a toilet is secured to this ring with bolts.
water closet flange
2 major function of plumbing
water distribution, sewage disposal
circulating storage water heater
water is heated by a coil and is circulated through a storage tank, similar to some solar heaters
Gravity water system
water supply and distribution system in which the water source is set at the heights sufficient to maintain adequate supply pressure through the water distribution system
what are the four basic elements that a residential potable water system comprise of?
water supply and distribution, drainage system, venting system, fixtures and appliances
Hydropneumatic
water supply system that uses a pressurized tank, usually in the basement to supply water under pressure to the floors above
Upfeed distribution
water supply system that uses the existing pressure in the water main to supply the fixtures for small low rise buildings with moderate demand. Pump can be incorporated to increase distribution
check valves found in
water tanks
potable water
water that is safe for human consumption
Backwater valve
well for preventing flowing liquid such as sewage,reversing its direction. Also called backflow valve
basin wrench
wrench whose jaws are perpendicular to a telescoping handle and pivot to open at viable positions - it's used to get into tight spaces
strap wrench
wrench with straps which act as a jaw to grip objects that are difficult to access or with surfaces that must not be damaged
lighter organic material that rise to the surface of the water
SCUM
Water is passed through basins so sediments can settle through a period of time
SEDIMENTATION
pipe from the street water main or other source of water supply to the building served
SERVICE PIPE
olid organic matter that are denser than water and settle at the bottom of the septic tank
SLUDGE
the vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipings extending through one or more stories and extended thru the roof.
STACK
Anode rod
Sacrificial rod installed in a water heater to protect tank from corrosion
Used on water systems, heating systems, compressed air lines & other pipe lines with excessive pressure
Safety Valve
Sludge
Sediments that settles in the bottom of the septic tank.
Waste Pipe
See Soil Stack. The vertical main pipe that also acts for one or more fixtures on the same line.
A watertight covered receptacle designed and constructed to receive the discharge of sewage from a building sewer, separate solids from the liquid, digest organic matter and store digested solids through a period of detention, and allow the clarified liquids to discharge for final disposal
Septic Tank
2 Most Common Sources of Contamination:
Septic Tank / leach fields Livestock feedlots
15m
Septic tank should be atleast ___away from any source of water supply
Circuit Vent/ Loop Vent
Serves as Battery of Fixtures
Types of wells
Shallow and Deep Well
Receptor
Shallow base span of a stall shower
coupling
Short length of pipe having each endthreaded on the inside, used for joining two pipes of the same diameter
nipple
Short length of pipe with thread on each end used for joining coupling or other pipes fitting
Buzzer
Signaling devices consists of an electromagnetic coil that will cause a thin metal piece to vibrate
Raw water
Water that requires treatment before it can be used for drinking
Purified water
Water which undergoes treatment.
Contaminated water
Water with any material or substance that affects quality of water
Polluted water
Water with any presence of any foreign substance
Hard water
Water with presence of elements like calcium etc.
Soft water
Water without presence of calcium and magnesium
Artesian
Well in which water rises under pressure from a permeable stratum overlain by impermeable rock
that portion of a vent pipe through which wastewater also flows through.
Wet Vent
1. Rough end 2. Tub set (all before insulation) 3. Final walk through (CO-Certificate of Occupancy)
What are 3 categories of inspections?
Hard water
What are going to need this old salt of calcium or magnesium and forming soap lather with difficulty
1. Drain 2. Traps 3. Vents
What are the 3 classes of pipe in the drainage system?
Drain Waste Vents
What does DWV stand for?
Water closet, Kitchen sink, Dish washer
What fixtures produce "black" water?
The amount of heat required to raise one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit.
What is 1 BTU?
Vent that carries water
What is a "wet vent"?
The horiziontal part of the trap AFTER the U shape
What is the "trap arm"?
Keeps sewer gas from entering the house.
What is the purpose of the trap?
Keep pressure equalized
What is the purpose of the vent system?
To protect the health, safety, and welfare of the people.
What is the role of Plumbing Codes?
The highest point on the internal bottom surface of the crown of a plumbing trap.
What or where is the crown weir?
PVC
What type of pipe is typically used for residential plumbing drainage systems?
Left
When facing a fixture on which side is the hot water outlet?
Pneumatic air-pressure System
When the Pressure supplied is not enough
Water closets
Which fixture has a built in trap?
Every plumbing fixture connected to a drainage system
Which fixtures require a trap?
0.90 Meters
Width of septic tank.
50%
Working load of hot water supply system for hotels and building
Siamese connection
Y connection used on fire lines
wye
Y shaped pipe waiting for joining a branch pipe with the a main, usually at a 45° angle
When inspecting a water heater can the heater contain separate pressure and temperature relief valves?
Yes
When inspecting a water heater is it acceptable to not have a check valve installed between the pressure relief valve and the tank?
Yes
Shower compartments must have a "minimum" curb height of at least ___ inches.
2 inches
What is the "minimum" diameter in inches of a floor drain waste outlet?
2 inches
When doing a water test on the DWV Systems during rough in plumbing each section shall be filled with water to point not less then___ feet above the highest fitting in that section
10' (Water shall be held in the section under test for 15 minutes. The system shall be proved leak free by visual inspection (P250 3.5.1 rough plumbing
What is the maximum allowable distance between cleanouts?
100 feet horizontally
Siren
10dB fire signaling devices
How far must a BW vent terminate from the base of the furnace?
12 inches
How far must a union be from the tank for service and removal?
12 inches
The "minimum" clearance for accessibility for a 2 inch clean out is how many inches?
12 inches
Underground gas pipes require a minimum depth of how much?
12 inches
Water service pipe shall be installed not less than ___Inches deep and not less than__inches below frost line
12"/6" (P2603.5 freezing)
The "minimum" clearance from the center of a water closet to walls, partitions or fixtures on either side is__ inches.
15 inches
Clean out distance is _
15 meters
For those wet stand pipe more than ____ from the fire service connection, the minimum diameter is ____
15 meters - 63mm
The centerline of water closets or bidet shall not be set less than__ inches from adjacent side walls or partitions
15" (P2705.1 General)
What is the stopping psi at which the system pressurep in the pressure relief valve is not to go over?
150 psi
Brick lining shall have a minimum Private Sewage Disposal Systems compressive strength of
17225 kPa.
How far is a water heater platform required to be raised?
18 inches
What is the minimum requirement for a cleanout?
18 inches
If a pump at a whirlpool bathtub is located more than 2 feet from the access opening, a minimum size opening of ______ inches should be installed.
18 x 18
Waste receptor standpipes shall extend a minimum of___ inches and a maximum of___ inches above the trap weir.
18" / 42" (Access shall be provided to all standpipe traps and drains for rodding) (P2706.2 Stan pipes)
Return Bend
180 degree bend in a pipe
Return Bend
180 degrees bend in a pipe.
6.895
1psi
If a standpipe for an automatic clothes washer is used, the standpipe and its trap should be at least ___ inches in diameter.
2
The drainage fixture unit (D.F.U.) value of a dishwasher is______
2 (P3004.1 drainage fixtures unit values)
A vent pipe shall not terminate within 10 feet horizontally of a window unless the vent is extended at least what distance above the window?
2 feet
How far should exterior plumbing stack vents be above all operable windows and doors?
2 feet
Floor drains shall have waist outlets not less than___ inches in diameter and a removable strainer
2 inch ( P2719.1 floor drains)
A kitchen drain, if properly trapped, will have a "minimum" water seal of ___ inches.
2 inches
What is the maximum length of a vertical or horizontal wet vent?
6 feet
How high must a vacuum breaker be above sprinkler heads?
6 inches
What is the max distance a TPR Valve should terminate above the floor or waste receptor?
6 inches
What is the minimum distance a vent pipe must terminate above a roof?
6 inches
What is the minimum and maximum size of a laundry trap?
6 min 18 max
An exterior window at an exterior wall must be made of safety glazing unless the bottom exposed edge of the glass is _________________ above the tub floor surface.
60 inches or more
The fire sprinkler water supply shall provide the required design flow rate for____minutes for one story dwellings less than_____ square feet in area
7 mins./ 2,000 s.f. (P2904.5.2 req. capacity)
Showers require how many inches above the drain outlet?
70 inches
Shower compartments shall have at least___ square inches of interior cross sectional area
900 in.² (P2708.1 General)
Closest Bend
90° oil fitting installed directly beneath the water closet
Riser
A vertical metal or plastic tube or assembly that connects a faucet to the water supply stop valve. Usually made of copper. Metal Flex Risers are corrugated to facilitate bending. Also a supply line that rises from one story to the next.
riser
A vertical pipe, conduit, or duct in the utility system
Filtration
A very common treatment, it can remove suspended particles, and some bacteria and color.
Plumbing wall
A wall or partition containing vertical space for a plumbing stack. also called stack partition
Wet Wall
A wall with plumbing.
What does the term wet vent refer to?
A waste line that also functions as a vent
Riser
A water supply pipe that extends one full story or more.
Wye
A y-shaped pipe fitting with 45 degrees angle.
Public hand-washing facilities are required to have flow regulated to no more than ___ gallon. A. 0.5 B. 1.0 C. 1.5 D. 0.25
A. 0.5
The tailpiece diameter for lavatories and drinking fountains shall not be less than: A. 1 1/4" B. 1 3/8" C. 1 1/2" D. 1 1/2" OD
A. 1 1/4"
Water closet tank ballcocks shall be installed with the vacuum breaker critical level at least ____. A. 1" above the full opening of the overflow tube B. 2" above the full opening of the overflow tube C. 1" above the flush valve opening D. 6" above the flood rim
A. 1" above the full opening of the overflow tube
Commercial food waste food grinders shall be connected to a drain no less than ___ inches in diameter A. 1.5 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
A. 1.5
The minimum size trap and trap arm for a kitchen sink is _______ A. 1.5 inches B. 2 inches C. 1 1/4 inches D. Either A or B
A. 1.5 inches
The minimum depth of gas piping underground is ____ A. 12" B. 18" C. 24" D. 30"
A. 12"
The distance from the cneter of a water closet to a sidewall shall not be closer than _____ A. 15" B. 16" C. 18" D. 20"
A. 15"
Standpipe receptors for clothes washers shall extend above the trap no less than ____ A. 18" B. 24" C. 30" D. 42"
A. 18"
Fixture traps shall have a water seal of no less than _____ A. 2" B. 4" C. 1" D. 1.5"
A. 2"
The depth of the finished dam or threshold for any shower, measured from the top of the drain, shall not be less than _____ A. 2" B. 3" C. 4" D. Either A or C
A. 2"
The distance from the passageway opening to the water heater shall not be more than: A. 20 feet B. 25 feet C. 15 feet D. 30 feet
A. 20 feet
Every passageway to an attic water heater shall have a solid continuous flooring no less than _____ A. 24" wide B. 30" wide C. 36" wide D. 18" wide
A. 24" wide
The passageway shall be no less than ___ inches in height and ___ inches in width and no more than ___ feet in length when measured along the centerline of the passageway from the opening to the water heater A. 30, 22, 20 B. 24, 24, 20 C. 30, 30, 24 D. 48, 24, 30
A. 30, 22, 20
A barometric loop is ____ above the highest piping A. 33.9 degrees B. 39.3 degrees C. 11.5 degrees D. 43.3 degrees
A. 33.9 degrees
The maximum horizontal distance for supporting PVC piping is ____ feet A. 4 B. 6 C. 3 D. 8
A. 4
All trenches deeper than the footing of any building or structure and paralleling the same must be at least _____ A. 45 degrees therefrom B. 4' therefrom C. 2' therefrom D. 90 degrees thereform
A. 45 degree therefrom
Trenches installed parallel to footings shall not extend below the ____ bearing plane of the footing or wall A. 45 degrees B. 90 degrees C. 60 degrees D. 22.5 degrees
A. 45 degrees
Horizontal drainage liens connecting with other horizontal drainage lines shall enter through __________ A. 45 degrees wye branches B. Sanitary tee branches C. 1/4 bend with end outlet D. Side inlet sweep
A. 45 degrees wye branches
Fixtures having concealed slip-joint connections shall be provided with: A. A utility space or access panel B. A ladder and a light fixture C. Red brass fittings D. Rubber gaskets
A. A utility space or access panel
Fixture connections which may be serviced through an access panel are considered A. Accessible B. Readily accessible C. Not accessible D. Exposed
A. Accessible
Sill cocks require: A. Backflow preventer B. Minimum water supply of 0.75" in diameter C. A tempering valve D. A thread-mounted backflow preventer
A. Backflow preventer
Screws or bolts for securing floor mounted fixtures may be: A. Brass B. Aluminum C. Galvanized Steel D. Die-Cast Zinc
A. Brass
The drain connecting the compartments of a set of fixtures to its trap is called a/an _____ A. Continuous waste B. Combination waste and vent C. Indirect waste D. None of the above
A. Continuous waste
Installed in chemical laboratories, industries and other installations where acid wastes are being discharged
Acid Resistant Cast Iron Pipe
Which of the following pertains to a code requirement on the use of flexible water connections? A. Flexible water connections must be readily accessible B. Flexible water connections must be accessible C. Flexible water connections are limited to fire-floor installations D. Flexible water connections must be supported
A. Flexible water connections must be readily accessible
Gas shutoff valves are required at supply connections to all _____ A. Gas burning appliances B. Plumbing fixures C. Hose bibbs D. Water heaters
A. Gas burning appliances
The part of the lowest piping of a drainage system, which recieves the discharge from soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it to a point 2' outside the building wall is a A. House drain B. House sewer C. Waste pipe D. Soil stack
A. House drain
The hangers and supports for plumbing system piping must be capable of supporting the ___ by the piping system and not to be detrimental to the pipe they support A. Load B. Height C. None of the above D. Both A and B
A. Load
Which of the following types of joints can be used to join dissimilar piping materials? A. Mechanical B. Soldered C. Welded D. Brazed
A. Mechanical
Drinking fountains shall not be installed in: A. Public toilet rooms B. Restaurants C. Bars D. School yards
A. Public toilet rooms
A plugged fitting located at the base of all soil stacks is called A. Stack cleanout B. Stack vent C. Vent stack D. Main cleanout
A. Stack cleanout
The vertical depth of a trap seal is measured from A. The crown weir to the top of the dip of the trap B. The inlet of the trap to the bottom of the trap C. The crown weir to the bottom dip of the trap D. The inlet of the trap to the outlet of the trap
A. The crown weir to the top of the dip of the trap
The terminal end of a drain line for a pressure relief valve shall not be ____ A. Threaded B. Reamed C. Open D. Painted
A. Threaded
Any pressure less than that exterted by atmosphere is A. Vacuum B. Negative Pressure C. Positive Pressure D. Atmospheric Pressure
A. Vacuum
A pipe which makes an angle of no more than 45 degrees with the vertical is considered A. Vertical B. Horizontal C. Diagonal D. Bent pipe
A. Vertical
Selecting an expansion tank is based on: A. Water pressure and volume B. Temperature and volume C. Both A and B D. Pressure and termperature
A. Water pressure and volume
The maximum horizontal distance of a trap arm is measure from the inner edge of the vent to the _____ A. Weir of the trap B. Dip of the rap C. Inlet of the trap D. None of the above
A. Weir of the trap
What are two types of plastic plumbing drainpipes and fittings?
ABS and PVC
Spraying the water into the atmosphere through jets or passing it over rough surfaces to remove entrained noxious gases such as carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide
AERATION
Operates in the same manner as globe valve (disc & seat design) Used to make a 90° turn in a line Reduces number of joints
ANGLE VALVE
Trap
AU or S shapes section of drain pipe in which liquid remains and forms a seal for preventing the passage of sewer gas without affecting the normal flow of wastewater. Or sewage through it. Also called airtrap
Capillarity
Ability of water to climb up a surface againts the pull of gravity.
Surface tension
Ability of water to stick to itself and pull itself together
The code requires that where equipment and appliances having ignition source are located in hazardous locations, repair garages, private garages, motor fuel dispensing facilities or parking garages, the ignition source must be located ____ inches above the floor of where the equipment rests. A. 15 B. 18 C. 24 D. 48
B. 18
The required clearance in front of a 3" cleanout is ____ A. 12" B. 18" C. 24" D. 36"
B. 18"
On a shower liner test, the minimum water level shall be no less than __ inches A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
B. 2
Liners shall be pitched a minimum of ____ slope and shall be sloped toward the fixture drains and be securely fastened to the waste oulet. A. 1% B. 2% C. 4% D. 0.5%
B. 2%
The minimum clearance in front of a water closet, urinal, lavatory or bidet to any wall, fixture, or door is ____ inches. A. 18 B. 21 C. 24 D. 36
B. 21
A flame spread index of ___ or less and a smoke-developed index of ___ or less are viewed as acceptable values for combustibles in a plenum A. 50, 25 B. 25, 50 C. 10, 15 D. 15, 10
B. 25, 50
The minimum size of a water service is ___ A. 1/2" B. 3/4" C. 1" D. Any size piping to supply an efficient amount of water to fixtures
B. 3/4"
The minimum size of any piping outlet for a free standing gas range shall be ____ A. .5" B. 3/4" C. 1" D. Any of the above
B. 3/4"
No shower stall or receptor shall have a finished interior dimension which is less than: A. 24" B. 30" C. 36" D. 34"
B. 30"
Where floor drains are located in areas maintained at a temperature below ___, the floor drain must not be trapped and must be indirectly connected. A. 28 degrees B. 32 degrees C. 40 degrees D. None of the above
B. 32 degrees
The pressure at the base of a column of water 10' high is ____ A. .433 psi B. 4.33 psi C. 10 psi D. None of the above
B. 4.33 psi
The minimum vertical length for a gravity type venting system serving a fuel fired water hear is _________. A. 4' B. 5' C. 10' D. Based on the Btu rating
B. 5'
The critical level of a urinal flushometer vacuum breaker to the highest part of the fixture is ____ A. 3" B. 6" C. 10" D. 12"
B. 6"
Loose earth free from rocks, broken concrete and frozen chunks hall be placed in the trench in ___ layers and tamped in place until the crown of the pipe is covered by ___ of tamped earth. A. 12", 12" B. 6", 12" C. 12", 18" D. None of the above
B. 6", 12"
One of the following is not a standard fitting ____ A. Wye B. 60 degree wye C. 45 degree tee D. Both B and C
B. 60 degree wye
Pure water at sea level weighs __ pounds per cubic food A. 32.2 B. 62.4 C. 39.4 D. 78.2
B. 62.4
Each drainage stack which extends 10 or more stores above the building drain shall be served by _____ A. Cleanouts B. A parallel vent stack C. A parallel stack vent D. Straps every 10 feet
B. A parallel vent stack
Solder joints shall be according to ASTM ____ A. B 813 B. B 828 C. B 32 D. B 65
B. B 828
A device to prevent backflow in to the potable water system is called a _____ A. Backflow connection B. Backflow preventer C. Backwater preventer D. Both A and B
B. Backflow preventer
A reduced pressure principle assemble is listed for ___ A. Backsiphonage B. Backsiphonage and Backpressure C. Health hazards D. Backpressure only
B. Backsiphonage and backpressure
A vacuum relief valve must be installed in ___ water heaters and tanks connected to water heaters. A. All B. Bottom-fed C. Top-fed D. None of the above
B. Bottom-fed
The piping that extends from the end of the building drain and conveys discharge to the public sewer system is A. Building drain B. Building sewer C. Main sewer D. Outside sewer
B. Building sewer
Inlet and outlet copper water connections to an electric water heater should contain ____ A. Unions B. Dielectric Unions C. Compression Unions D. Galvanized Unions
B. Dielectric Unions
A plumbing permit is not required _____ A. When the work is the done by the owner B. For cleaning stoppages C. When the contract is less than 100 dollars D. Installing a cleanout
B. For cleaning stoppages
All gas water heaters or other gas appliances that are connected to a common vent shall be located ___ A. In the same lot B. In the same story C. Not over 10' from a vent D. In the same building
B. In the same story
The minimum combustible clearance of Type B vent piping is ____ A. Listed in the code B. Listed by the manufacturer and stamped on the pipe C. 2" D. 6"
B. Listed by the manufacturer and stamped on the pipe
A water system containing storage water heating equipment will require a ____ A. Check valve B. Listed combination temperature and pressure relief valve C. Hot water and return line D. Mixing valve
B. Listed combination temperature and pressure relief valve
Sleeves shall be provided to protect piping ____ A. Passing through floors or concrete walls B. Passing through concrete and masonry walls C. Passing through wood or concrete walls D. Passing through all locations listed above
B. Passing through concrete and masonry walls
A storm drain system is normally _____ entering a sanitary sewer A. Allowed B. Prohibited from C. Permitted with inspectors approval to D. None of the above
B. Prohibited
A water heater vented into a fireplace or into a chimney serving a fireplace is: A. Required to have a manual damper B. Prohibited C. Required to connect on a 45 degree angle D. Interlocked
B. Prohibited
A vertical line of piping that extends on or more floors and received the discharge of water closets and other fixtures is known as: A. Waste stack B. Soil stack C. Sanitary Sewer D. Fixture drain
B. Soil stack
Without any movement of the water, the pressure measured with a guage would be referred to as ___? A. Gauge pressure B. Static pressure C. Street pressure D. Main line pressure
B. Static pressure
To provide a watertight joint in the floor, shower drains and floor drains are required to be: A. Cast iron B. Suitably flanged C. Coated with asphalt D. Set in waterproof cement
B. Suitably Flanged
Every water supply to a urinal shall be protected by an approved: A. Relief Valve B. Vacuum Breaker C. Metering Valve D. Automatic Valve
B. Vacuum Breaker
A pipe which contains waste that is free from fecal matter is A. Soil B. Waste C. Drain D. Gas
B. Waste
the flow of water or other liquids, ,mixtures, or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacle.
BACK FLOW
Similar to dug well, but constructed using an auger driven in by hand or with power tools . Seldom hand driven below 15 meters, but can reach 40+ meters with power tools
BORED WELL
any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack.
BRANCH
the flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe
Back Siphonage
Individual VEnt
Back vent
Back Pressure Backflow
Backflow due to an increase pressure above the supply pressure
backsiphonage
Backflow of used oil contaminated water from the plumbing fixture into a pipe supplying potable water due to negative pressure in the pipe
Check valve
Backflow prevention device
Grab bar
Bar attached to a wall near a bathtub or shower to provide a hand grip for a person who is bathing
Bidet
Basin like fixture designed to be straddled bathing the genitals in posterior your parts of the body
Shower
Bath in which water is sprayed on the body from an overhead nozzle or shower head
Why would an on-site water quality test generally be done?
Because the water supply is on a non-municipal water supply
Cleanouts on concealed piping or piping under a floor slab or in a crawl space of less than ___ inches in height or a plenum shall be extended through and terminate flush with the finished wall, floor, or ground surface or shall be extended to the outside of the building. A. 12 B. 18 C. 24 D. 36
C. 24
The vertical distance between a fixture outlet and the trap weir shall not exceed ____ A. 12" B. 18" C. 24" D. 30"
C. 24"
In public laundries and central washing facilities the minimum size floor drain shall be ___ inches in diameter A. 1 1/2 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
C. 3
Above ground PEX piping installed horizontally shall be supported at intervals not to exceed _________. A. Depends on the pipe size B. 24" C. 32" D. 36"
C. 32"
Horizontal pipe hangers shall have maximum distance of ___" for PEX piping A. 24" B. 28" C. 32" D. 48"
C. 32"
If a water service line and a sewer pipe cannot be installed in the same trench at different levels, they can be installed at the same level in the grund as long as ____ feet of earth separates them. A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 10
C. 5
Hot and cold water piping may be tested with ____ A. 40 psi-150 psi water for 10 minutes B. 35 psi for at least 15 minutes C. 50 psi or the working pressure of the water in the system for at least 15 minutes D. 100 psi of air for at least 10 minutes
C. 50 psi or the working pressure of the water in the system for at least 15 minutes
No galvanized wrought-iron or galvanized steel pipe shall be used underground and shall be kept no less ___ inches above ground A. 3.5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 12
C. 6
The maximum allowable water pressure in residential water distribution systems is: A. 40 pounds per square inch B. 60 pounds per square inch C. 80 pounds per square inch D. 100 pounds per square inch
C. 80 pounds per square inch
A pressure regulator with a strainer is required when the local water pressure is in excess of ____ A. 65 psi B. 75 psi C. 80 psi D. It does not matter
C. 80 psi
A final water heater inspection shall be made only after: A. All plumbing fixtures have been installed. B. All gas appliances have been installed C. All work authorized by permit has been installed D. The plumber has left the job
C. All work authorized by permit has been installed.
A negative pressure that can cause backflow is known as: A. Reverse siphonage B. Reverse flow C. Backsiphonage D. Backpressure
C. Backsiphonage
A pressure vacuum breaker is listed for ____ A. Backpressure only B. Backpressure and Backsiphonage C. Backsiphonage D. Low hazards only
C. Backsiphonage
A device installed in a drainage system to prevent reverse flow is a A. Sewage valve B. Check valve C. Backwater Valve D. Backflow Valve
C. Backwater Valve
An area drain is A. Roof drain B. Sump C. Catch basin D. All of the above
C. Catch basin
Sewage ejector pumps are required to have ___ installed on the discharge piping from the sewage pump. A. Ground-nut unions B. Relief valve C. Check valve D. 2" trap
C. Check valve
A vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which it connects is a A. Circuit vent B. Relief vent C. Continuous vent D. Branch Vent
C. Continuous vent
All fire-resistance rated through-penetration assemblies must be qualified by testing in accordance to ASTM ___ A. E 2596 B. E 216 C. E 814 D. E 828
C. E 814
A device located at the bottom of the tank for the purpose of flushing water closets is ____ A. Ballcock B. Tank ball C. Flush Valve D. Flushometer Valve
C. Flush valve
Water heaters which depends on combustion air may be installed in a: A. Bathroom B. Bedroom C. Garage D. Clothes closet
C. Garage
Special venting for island fixtures is used for ______ A. Bathtubs B. Showers C. Kitchen sinks D. Washing machines
C. Kitchen sinks
Building sewers shall be tested by completely filling the sewer with water from the ______ A. Lowest to highest point B. Lowest to at least 5' head C. Lowest to at least 10' head D. Lowest to at least ground level
C. Lowest to at least 10' head
Which of the following may give approval for a plumber to cover their installation A. The general contractor B. The home owner C. Only AHJ D. All of the above are acceptable sources D. None, the plumber may cover when he is finished.
C. Only AHJ
Chemical or industrial liquid wastes which are likely to damage th public sanitary sewer system shall _______ A. Be drained into a holding tank B. Not be used under any conditions C. Pretreated to render them innocuous D. Be drained into a storm drain
C. Pretreated to render them innocuous
Discharge from a T & P valve into a water heater pan is: A. Permissible under any conditions B. Permissible if the pan drain has a 1 inch discharge to an approved location C. Prohibited D. Prohibited only if not allowed by admin authority
C. Prohibited
Gas piping supplying more than one building on any one premise shall be equipped with _____. A. Gate shutoff valves B. Globe shutoff valve C. Separate shutoff valve to each building D. No valve required
C. Separate shutoff valve to each building
A water heater located in a garage within the vehicle path must be: A. Vented directly outside B. Strapped to the wall with 2 straps C. Suitably guarded against damage D. Fitted with break-away connections
C. Suitably guarded against damage
In sizing gas piping, the length used in measured from the meter location to ____. A. Where the first branch takes off B. The kitchen range, if located near the meter C. The most remote outlet on the system D. Adding up all the piping in the system
C. The most remote outlet on the system
In buildings with unusually tight construction, combustion air shall be obtained from: A. The return air plenum B. The inside of the building C. The outside D. Clothes Closet
C. The outside
A stack as defined in the code is ____ A. Main vent B. Any vertical vent C. The vertical main of a soil, waste, or vent piping which extends one or stories D. Horizontal main of a soil, waste, or vent stack
C. The vertical main of a soil, waste, or vent piping which extends one or stories
The drain line between the trap and the vent is called A. Wet vent B. Dirty arm C. Trap arm D. Drain line
C. Trap arm
A stack is always A. Straight B. Horizontal C. Vertical D. Lengthy
C. Vertical
Water is drawn into the pump & discharged with a centrifugal force
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Main function is to prevent reversal of flow (backflow) in the line
CHECK VALVE
Water is injected with hypo-chlorite or chlorine gas to kill the harmful bacteria.
CHLORINATION
Usually built of reinforced concrete underground and connected with a pump
CISTERN
Addition of coagulants, such as ferrous sulfate and lime, to the water which cause the larger suspended particles to form a gelatinous mass which precipitates readily. The precipitate is gathered in large dumps and disposed of.
COAGULATION and PRECIPITATION
Operates by the compression of a soft packing upon a metal sheet
COMPRESSION COCK
NO
Can a fixture be double trapped?
Fire hazard
Cause an increase in the probability of the occurrence of fire
Back Pressure
Caused plus pressure
Viterous China
Ceramic materials fired at high temperature to form a non-porous body, having exposed surfaces coated with ceramic glaze fused to the body. This is used to form bathroom fixtures such as toilets, bidets, and lavs.
Thermal expansion on pipes
Change in length- not in diameter. Pipes for long runs are placed with flexible support or hangars
Bituminous fiber sewer pipe
Cheapest Lightweight Slightly flexible
Bituminous fiber
Cheapest among the sewer pipe and sometimes recommended for septic tank
Explosive
Chemical compound intended of producing explosion
CPVC
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride. Rigid plastic pipe used in water supply systems, where code permits. Withstands high temperature. Available in straight or in rolls.
a group vent pipe which starts in front of the extreme (highest) fixture connection on a horizontal branch and connects to the vent stack.
Circuit Vent
Pump Circuit System
Circulation of hot water by means of mechanical device, usually centrifugal pump
Direct Up-feed System
City water company using normal pressure
Used within the line of the house drain
Running Trap
PEX water pipe and tubing can be used as a water distribution material. However, there is a limit to how close PEX piping can be intalled to the top of a water heater. Soem type of metallic pipe or connector is required to connect to a water heater and it must rise to a point at least ____ inches above the water heater before PEX tubing or piping can be attached to it. A. 4 B. 6 C. 12 D. 18
D. 18
Where piping is sleeved through a foundation, the minimum annular space of the sleeve shall be ___ A. 1" B. 2" C. 1 pipe size larger D. 2 pipe size larger
D. 2 pipe size larger
Water closets set side by side shall be no closer than: A. 15" center to center B. 18" center to center C. 24" center to center D. 30" center to center
D. 30" center to center
The minimum clearance between any single wall metal vent connector and combustible material is: A. 2 inch B. 2 inch C. 4 inch D. 6 inch
D. 6 inch
The maximum distance of a gas shutoff valve may be from a gas appliance (except for range and dryer connects) is ________ A. 3' B. 4' C. 5' D. 6'
D. 6'
A fixture trap is vented to ____ A. Prevent the loss of trap seal B. Reduce noise in the draingage system C. Prevent siphonage or backpressure to a trap D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Cleanout plugs shall be brass or plasic, or other approved materials A. Brass B. Plastic C. Other approved fittings D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Full-open valves shall be installed in the following locations: A. On the building water service pipe from the public water supply near the curb. B. On the water distribution supply pipe at the entrance into the structure. C. On the discharge side of every water meter D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Not all fittings can be used for all purposes. You must know which fittings are approved for your intended use. Imagine that you are installing horizontal drain piping above ground. You want to turn the drain from one horizontal direction to another. Which of the following fittings are suitable for a change of direction from a horizontal position to another horizontal position? A. Sixteenth bend B. Long-sweep elbow C. Eighth Bend D. All of the above E. Only A and C
D. All of the above
On a drain line, 1/4" to the foot is known as: A. Grade B. Fall C. Slope D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Vent pipes: A. Provide an ability for sewer gas to vent to the atmosphere B. stops back siphonage in the drainage system C. Relieves pressure in the drainage system D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which item is not part of a plumbing system A. Potable water and DWV B. Medical gas and medical vacuum C. A laundry tray D. All of the above are a part of the plumbing system
D. All of the above are a part of the plumbing system
A branch can be in any part of the plumbing system except A. Main B. Riser C. Stack D. Any of the above
D. Any of the above
A single wall vent connector shall not originate in A. Unoccupied attic B. Concealed space C. Kitchen D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
A pipe that supplies potable water to any building or part of the lot is known as a A. Building Supply B. Irrigation line C. Water service D. Both A and C
D. Both A and C
No indirect waste pipe need to be larger in diameter than the ___ A. Trap to which it is connected B. Largest drain in the building C. Size required to drain the fixture in one minute D. Drain outlet or tailpiece of the fixture
D. Drain outlet or tailpiece of the fixture
A pressure surge absorbing device operating through the compressibility of air is called A. Backflow preventer B. Air Chamber C. Flushometer Valve D. Hammer Arrestor
D. Hammer arrestor
Surface water
Runs off over surface
Blowback water closets can be installed back to back when they share a common back wall. What fitting will you show in your plumbing design to receive the discharge from the two toilets? Remember that they could each discharge at the same time. A. Double sanitary tee B. Double combination and wye C. Cross tee D. Baffled tee E. Both B and D
E. Both B and D
liquid content of sewage
EFFLUENT
Galvanized steel pipe
Easily corroded by alkaline and acid water
Use soapy water
Easy way to test gas lines for leaks:
Sand Filter
Effluent flows, or is pumped, from the septic tank, to an open air filter treatment pit, at or above grade. From the sand filter the effluent flows through under drains to the site's native soil.
Drainage Field
Effluent from the septic tank drains to a series of perforated pipes surrounded by gravel and laid in shallow trenches. From here the effluent seeps into the soil. Most common system.
Jumper
Electrical conductor used to bypass a safety device
Disposal
Electrical device in the drain of a sink for grinding food waste to be washed down the drain also called disposer
Class C fire
Energized electrical equipment
30 mins
Enough water.to operate 25% of sprinkler
How should 1/2 black steel piping be supported?
Every 6 feet unless it rises vertically and supported at every floor
bag trap
Example of objectionable trap
Pipes expand and contract due to continuous changes in temperature. An air space should be provided to allow for breathing room
Expansion / Contraction
Fulminate
Explosive compound which explodes by percussion
House/Building Sewer
Extends from the house drain at a point 0.60 meters from the outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the junction of the street sewer.
Stack Vent
Extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack
plug
Externally threaded fitting for closing the end of a pipe
Stack vent
Extesion of a soil or waste stack
XV
Extra duty pipe
copper pipe
Extremely corrosive resistant material to convey either hot or cold water
Electrical Arc
Extremely hot luminous bridge formed by the passage of an electric current across a space between two conductors or terminals
41-49*C
F or showers
Water is passed through layers of sand and gravel in concrete basins in order to remove the finer suspended particles.
FILTRATION
Where should an inspector expect a steel sink to rust the fastest?
FLR
Located at the lower end of the pumps. Used mainly to prevent loss of priming of the pumps a.k.a. 'Retention Valve'
FOOT VALVE
Seepage or Drywell
Rarely used now. Below grade perforated concrete cylinder or stone lined well instead of a drainage field. many were built so deep in the ground that in increased the risk of waste water flowing directly into the water table, and polluting drinking water
Flow rate
Rate of discharge from a plumbing fixture, equal to the total number of gallons discharged per minute / 7.5 and Express in fixture units
Natural water
Readily found in nature
Area Drain
Receptacle designed to collect surface or storm water from an open area
Fixtures
Receptacle for waste
Plumbing Fixtures
Receptacles which are used to provide, receive, and discharge water, liquid and water-carried wastes into a drainage system which they are connected to.
a vertical vent line that provides additional circulation of air between the drainage and vent systems or to act as an auxiliary vent on a specially designed system such as a "yoke vent" connection between the soil and vent stacks.
Relief Vent
2 Chamber
Required type of septic tank as the country's code.
Standpipe
Reservoir which water is pump to give it at a head
Hardness
Resistance of a material to deformation by compression
Galvanized wrought iron pipe
Resistant to acid waste
Cryogenic
Result of its reaction with other element, produces a rapid drop in temperature of the immediate surroundings
Loss of pressure
Results with friction loss
Foot valve
Retention valve
Flushes through a siphon action created in the trapway
Reverse Trap
Back Siphonage
Reverse flow by a loss of supply, pressure
a water supply pipe extending vertically to one full story or more to convey water into pipe branches or plumbing fixtures
Riser
Plunger
Rubber suction cup approx 6" in diam
Storm Drainage
Run off, surface water, all sanitary waste must be excluded
the vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the drainage system. The uppermost end above the roof has traditionally been referred to as Vent Stack Through Roof (VSTR).
Vent Stack
Common vent
Vent that connects at the junction of two fixture drain
Relief vent
Ventilate the soil and waste pipe and connecting branches rather than fixture trap
drainage lines
Vertical and horizontal branches of pipe that carry waste water from the fixtures to a point of disposal. Drain pipes for water closets and urinal are called soil pipes. Other drain pipes are called waste lines
Trap seal
Vertical distance between the crown weir and top dip of the trap
Curb box
Vertical enclosure with a removable cover providing access to a curb also called buffalo box
Stack
Vertical main of a system of soil
Stack
Vertical main soil,waste or vent piping
Backsplash
Vertical panel of waterproof material attached to the wall behind the counter top or stove top to protect against splash liquids
45° wye branches or other approved fittings of equivalent sweep
Vertical to Horizontal change in direction
Air break
Vertical unobstructed space between the waste outlet and the receiving waste pipe
Vent Stack
Vertical vent pipe that provides air circulation to and from all plumbing fixtures and extends above the roof line to the open air
stack
Vertical waste pipe or vent pipe serving a number of floors
One of the oldest materials used for sewer lines Highly resistant to most acids Because it is made of clay, it is brittle and cracks easily when laid on unstable ground Made in short lengths of 750mm
Vitrified Clay Pipe
Waste anesthetic gas disposal
WAGD
conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal matter.
WASTE PIPE
- Flushes through a simple wash down action - Discharges waste into a trapway located at the front of the bowl - Has a bulge on the front - Has a small amount of standing water - Cost less but is least efficient and noisiest
Wash Down
Indirect waste pipe
Waste pipe that is not connected directly with a drainage system but discharged into it through a properly trap plumbing fixture
Gray Water
Waste water from sinks, showers, and bathtubs, but not toilets.
Black Water
Wastewater from toilets or latrines and sinks used for food preparation or disposal, or for the disposal of chemicals.
a knocking in the pipes caused when faucets in the lower levels are shut off abruptly or automatically the force exerted by the decelerating water causes the pipes to shake and rattle
Water Hammer
device used to measure in liters or gallons the amount of water that passes through the water service.
Water Meter
Direct flush valve
Water closet dt s preferred in commercial and industrial comfort rooms for efficiency. Of service needs ease of cleaning
Leader
Water conductor from the roof to the building storm drain
expansion-contraction
Water expands as it gets colder- this expansion occurs prior to freezing
Potable water
Water fit for human consumption
Grey water
Water from laundries, wash basins, sinks, shower, bathtubs.
Heat capacity
Water has the ability to absorb heat without becoming much warmer itself.
Dissolving ability
Water has the ability to dissolve almost any substance, known as universal solvent.
Centrifugal Pumps
Water is pumped into the pump and discharge with a centrifugal force
Down feed system
Water isumped into a large tank on top of the building and is distributed to the fixtures by means of gravityy
Black water
Water plus human waste
Riser
Water supply pipe that extends vertically one full story
Pneumatic water supply
Water supply system in which water is distributed from water main or an enclosed storage tank under pressure from compressed air. also called upfeed distribution system
Downfeed Distribution
Water supply system used in tall buildings in which water from the street main is pumped to a rooftop storage tank and distributed to the building under pressure from gravity.
Pure water
Water that is colorless and odorless and not found in nature
Potable Water
Water that is suitable for drinking
cesspool
a covered pit for receiving the sewage from a house ,having a perforated lining to allow the liquid portion of the sewage to leach into ghe ground while the sludge is retained in the pit to undergo decomposition .cesspool are n longer acceptable as a means of sewage disposal
septic tank
a covered watertight tank for recieving the discharge from a building sewer ,serparating out the solid organic matter ,which is decomposed and parified by anaerobic bacteria and allowing the clarified liquid to discharge for final disposal
escutcheon
a decorative metal flange beneath a faucet handle that covers the faucet stem and the hole in the fixture or wall
hose bibb
a device available in numerous designs to serve as a water distribution outlet; has a garden hose connection; often called a sillcock. a male device
thermostat
a device used to control the temperature of water by controlling the heat source
p trap
a dmv fitting having an water seal, which is installed at each fixture not having an intergal trap to prevent sewer gases from escaping into an occupied area
building sewer
a drain connecting a building drain to a public sewer or private treatment facility,also called house sewer
building drain
a drainage system which receives the discharge from soil.
building sewer
a drainage system which starts from the end of the building.
blind flange
a flange that closes at the end of a pipe
drain tile
a hollow tile laid end to end with open joints to disperse effluent in a drainfield ,or to drain water saturated soil also called drainage tile
branch vent
a horizontal vent connecting one or more individual vertical back vents with the vent stacks
scum
a layer of sewage matter that rises to the surface of the sewage in a septic tank
branch interval
a length of a soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a story height
supply line
a metal or plastic line that carries water from the main line to an individual fixture
absorption trench
a narrow trench 12 to 36 in or 305 to 914 mm containing coarse agregates and a distribution pipe through which the effluent from a septic tank is allowed to seep into the soil
blank flange
a pipe flange that is not drilled
sewer
a pipe or other artificial conducts ,usually ubderground ,for carrying off sewage and other liquid waste to a treatment plants or other point of disposal
vent
a pipe that allows air into a drain system to balance air pressure preventing water in traps to be siphoned off
seepage pit
a pit that is lined with a perforated with masonry or concrete wall allow to effluent collected from a septic tank to seep or leach into ghe surrounding soil,sometimes use as a subtitutes for drainfield
bidet
a plumbing fixtures used for washing that middle private part. also called"sitz bath"
Main
a principal pipe ,conduit, or duct in the utility system
catch basin
a receptacle in which liquids are retained for a sufficient time to allow settleable material to deposit
serial distribution
a sequence of absorption trenches,absorption beds,or seepage pits so arranged that the total effectiveness absorption area of one is utilized before effluent flows into the next
subsurface sand filter
a sewae filtering system consisting of a number of distribution pipes surrounded by graded gravel,an intermediate layer of clean coarse sand and a system of underdrains to carry of filtered effluent
sanitary sewer
a sewer conveying only the sewage from the plumbing fixtures and excluding storm water
nipple
a short length of pipe installed between couplings or other fittings
wye
a short pipe with a branch joining in at an acute angle
p trap
a sink drainpipe designed in the shape of a p it runs from the sink and down through the floor to the main drain pumping
faucet screen
a small metal screen found in the faucet arm nozzle- it catches small debris in the water system
stud
a structual member typically used to frame walls, wood and aluminum
building
a structure built, erected and framed
vent system
a system of pipes supplying a flow of air to or from a drainage system or providing a circulation of air within the system to protect trap seals siphonag and back pressure
grease trap
a tank installed between a kitchen sink and a house sewer for retaining and removing grease from waste water,also called grease interceptor
solvent welding
a technique for joining plastic pipework in which a mixture of solvent and cement is applied to the pipe end and to the socket with the parts then being joined and allowed to set.
percolation test
a test for determining the rate at which a soil will absorb effluent made by measuring the rate at which the water level drops after a hole is dug in the soil and filled with water
achievement
a thing done successfully, typically by effort courage, or skill "gain by effect".
A water heater inspection includes checking for all of the following EXCEPT. a. Pressure relief valve b. Fullway valve c. Vacuum breaker installation d. Minimum clearance above garage floor is 18" to source of ignition.
c. Vacuum breaker installation IS NOT part of a water heater inspection.
what is a plumbing supply system?
carries fresh clean water to all fixtures in building
water tank anong valve
check valves
cpvc
chlorinate polyvinyl chloride
underground water deposit
cistern
storm drains made out of
clay pipe
4 in 1 brush
cleans and prepares inside and outside joints for solder
what are the two main cause of septic tank failure?
clogging of distribution system or disruption of septic tank bacteria
copper l
commercial, thin walled above ground
reducer
component in a pipeline that reduces the pipe size from larger to smaller
what is the perfect soil type of a septic system and why?
course granular because it drains well
sanitary cross
cross having slight curve in each of the 90 degree transitions to channel the flow from branch pipe in the direction of the main
pex
cross linked polyethylene
Which of the following is acceptable back flow prevention for a HOSE BIBB? a. Air gap b. Air break c. Check valve d. Vacuum breaker
d. Vacuum breaker
Considerations to determine size of water heater
daily peak hot water demands and recharge time
service sink
deep sink use in janitorial work. Also called slop sink
how can you increase efficiency when designing a plumbing system?
design fixtures closer together
Percolation test
determines soil's ability to absorb affluent
what is a plumbing trap?
device that provides liquid seal to prevent emission of sewer gas without affecting flow of waste water
fittings
devices used to connect pipes together in a plumbing system
valves
devices used to control the flow of water, waste, gas, and so on
is a terminal directly connected to the plumbing system
direct waste
2 types of waste pipes (draw)
direct waste, indirect waste
