Pol Sci 369 Final Multiple Choice Qs

A toxic security is another name for a) bank mortgages and investments that lost a good deal of their value during the global financial crisis. b) credit default swaps. c) the U.S. version of SWFs. d) a new drink in honor of all the CEOs of major businesses who lost their jobs during the financial crisis

bank mortgages and investments that lost a good deal of their value during the globalfinancial crisis.

What is "arbitrage"? a) buying a product in a low-price market and selling it in a higher-price market b) restriction on the export of high-tech goods c) a mechanism to prevent drug trafficking d) a major cause of human trafficking

buying a product in a low-price market and selling it in a higher-price market

Most economic experts argue that the fundamental problem with the EMU is a) lack of authority by the head of the ECB. b) failure to fulfill the requirements of an optimal currency union. c) lack of a common foreign and security policy. d) UK opposition to the euro.

lack of authority by the head of the ECB.

Which term refers to a process in which investors quickly shift their funds out of a nation in search of a "safe harbor" for their investments? a) capital flight b) a balance of payments crisis c) a speculative attack on a currency d) a panic attack

capital flight

1) Which of the following was not mentioned as a factor limiting coordination between states against illicit activities? a) flags of convenience b) tax havens c) name-and-shame campaigns d) commercialization of sovereignty

name-and-shame campaigns

Which of the following is closely associated with economic liberal policies? a) Promotion of national champions b) The Beijing Consensus c) The Bolsa Família d) None of the above

none of the above

In which year did the first oil shock take place? a) 1969 b) 1973 c) 1978 d) 1981

1973

According to World Bank data, the proportion of the population in developing countries living in extreme poverty (living on $1.90 per day or less) fell between 1990 and 2013 from a) 42 to 13 percent b) 60 to 4 percent c) 84 to 16 percent d) 16 to 4 percent

42 to 13 percent

Which of the following statements about exchange rates is incorrect? a) Between 2008 and 2017, the euro appreciated against the U.S. b) Between 2000 and 2008, the U.S. dollar declined in value relative to the euro and Renminbi. c) Between 2011 and 2017, the yen appreciated significantly against the U.S. dollar. d) After 2004, the Chinese government let the renminbi depreciate against the U.S. dollar.

After 2004, the Chinese government let the renminbi depreciate against the U.S. dollar? Not completely sure

Which candidate for prime minister of Greece promised not to agree to Troika conditions for a third Greek loan, but then did agree to those conditions once he was elected? a) Yanis Varoufakis b) Alexis Tsipras c) Karalos Papoulias d) George Papandreou

Alexis Tsipras

In developed countries, the globalization of production is connected with a)The growth of the precariat b) Stagnation of wages c)Declining union membership d)None of the above e)All of the above

All of the above

Since 1944, the role of the IMF in the monetary and finance structure has been a) to increase the amount of liquidity in the international financial system. b) to ensure a stable international monetary system. c) to help countries with balance of payments problems on a short-term basis. d) all of the above.

All of the above

What is the Kimberley Process? a) An effort to prevent blood diamonds from entering international trade networks. b) The process by which classes coercively seize assets such as land from other actors. c) An effort by the world's largest banks to carefully screen their depositors. d) An elaborate program to drastically reduce coca production in Latin America.

An effort to prevent blood diamonds from entering international trade networks.

What is "bitter medicine"? a) The fees major banks have imposed on customers to bring down bank debt b) Another name for austerity policies in Europe c) The U.S. TARP program d) A drink in honor of all the working class and poor who lost out during the financial crisis

Another name for austerity policies in Europe

Which of the following was not a characteristic of the fixed exchange rate system of the finance and monetary structure? a) The price of gold was fixed at $35 an ounce. b) The formal and informal rules of this system reflected a political bargain between the United States and Western Europe whereby the United States provided security to Western Europe in exchange for its acceptance of U.S. hegemony. c) The IMF used a variety of borrowing measures to regulate currency value adjustments. d) Currency values were allowed to adjust up or down freely according to supply and demand conditions in the market for the U.S. dollar.

Currency values were allowed to adjust up or down freely according to supply and demand conditions in the market for the U.S. dollar.

The 2016 policy implemented by Indian Prime Minister Modi which was justified as a means to tackle corruption and tax evasion is called a) Operation Car Wash b) Structural adjustment c) Fiscal austerity d) Demonetization

Demonetization

Which of the following did the Dodd-Frank Act require? a) Prosecution of Wall Street insiders b) Modification of mortgages for struggling homeowners. c) Tighter limits on bank executives' pay and bonuses in exchange for government bailouts of banks d) Banks' holding of more capital and collateral in reserve

Banks' holding of more capital and collateral in reserve

China has helped Africa's development in all the following ways except a) By providing aid and low-cost financing for construction of roads, dams and ports b) By increasing demand for African raw materials c) By becoming a key trading partner d) By promoting labor rights and democracy

By promoting labor rights and democracy

Which leader complained that by holding (unofficially) weak U.S. dollars, his country was helping pay for the unpopular Vietnam War? a) Harold Wilson of Great Britain b) Mao Zedong of China c) Charles de Gaulle of France d) Lester Pearson of Canada

Charles de Gaulle of France

Between 2014 and 2016, which of the following countries or regions made the most new investments in clean energy? a) Europe b) The United States c) China d) The Asia-Pacific region (excluding China)

China

Which of the following statements best characterizes the experience of economic and political reforms in China since the late 1980s? a) China attempted to achieve economic reform without strong political backing. b) China placed strong emphasis on economic reform while preserving existing political structures. c) China implemented "shock therapy" to achieve change in both economic and political institutions. d) China introduced democratic political reforms while preserving centralized economic structures.

China placed strong emphasis on economic reform while preserving existing political structures.

Which of the following Chinese policies would a realist probably consider least threatening to established Western powers? a) China's policy in the South China Sea b) China's Belt and Road Initiative c)China's establishment of the AIIB d)Purchase of US and European companies by Chinese investors

China's establishment of the AIIB

Which of the following is not one of the reasons the Trump administration gave for withdrawing the United States from the Paris Agreement on Climate Change? a) The United States needs to act tough and "win" negotiations both at home and on the global Stage. b) India and China are unfairly taking advantage of other states because they have never beenrequired to actually reduce the level of their carbon emissions. c) The coal industry needs to be revived, in part to create more jobs. d) Compliance with the Paris Agreement would hurt the United States' effort to be the biggest oil and coal producer in the world.

Compliance with the Paris Agreement would hurt the United States' effort to be the biggest oil and coal producer in the world.

Which statement applies to all four countries: Russia, Brazil, India, and China? a) Corruption is a serious problem. b) Manufacturing is the main engine of growth. c) Decades of economic reforms have not been accompanied by much political reform. d) They embrace free trade and foreign investment.

Corruption is a serious problem.

By the 2000s, the World Bank stressed the importance of all of these factors in development except a) Financial inclusion b) Good governance c) Gender equality as smart economics d) Democratization Stronger private property rights

Gender equality as smart economics

A top government minister in which country said that Greece should leave the EU? a) Germany b) Italy c) Austria d) Belgium

Germany

Balaam and Dillman conclude that which of the following states must assume more hegemonic responsibilities if European states are to continue to cooperate to solve common problems? a) the UK b) the United States c) France d) Germany

Germany

An analyst of the illicit global economy would probably not agree with which of the following statements? a) Global integration and technological change weaken criminal actors. b) Opening of capital markets helps dirty money flow more easily around the world. c) Transnistria is a hub of trafficking and smuggling. d) Pressure on pariah states to crack down on illicit networks often backfires.

Global integration and technological change weaken criminal actors.

Which of the following do Balaam and Dillman posit is an important trend in the knowledge structure over the last twenty years? a) Human capital and technology are becoming less important than control of land and natural resources for wealth generation. b) Global profits are increasingly shifting to those who own knowledge and control distribution of knowledge-intensive goods and services. c) Knowledge is becoming less dispersed and easier for countries to control. d) There is a general consensus that most new technology should be in the public domain.

Global profits are increasingly shifting to those who own knowledge and control distribution of knowledge-intensive goods and services.

10) Which of the following was a policy to significantly reduce the amount of debt held by the world's poorest nations? a) HIPC initiative b) The East Asian Miracle c) Philanthrocapitalism d) Capital mobility

HIPC initiative

Which of the following is an international body established in 1988 under the auspices of the UNEP and the World Meteorological Organization and made up chiefly of climate scientists from all over the world who assess the scientific, technical, and socio-economic information about climate change and its future risks? a) FAO b) WMO c) IPCC d) COP

IPCC

Which of the following does the Lacey Act prohibit? a) Bribing of foreign officials by American companies b) Importation of any wood product illegally sourced in a foreign country c) Importation of unlicensed antiquities d) Exporting of counterfeit goods to a member of the WTO

Importation of any wood product illegally sourced in a foreign country

Which of the following statements would a structuralist probably agree with? a) In its singular pursuit of industrialization, the Chinese Communist Party has disregarded the health and safety of its own people. b) Farmers are much better off in India today than 20 years ago. c) Inequality between rural and urban dwellers in Brazil is falling. d) Democracy in India and Brazil gives their governments more legitimacy than in China and Russia.

In its singular pursuit of industrialization, the Chinese Communist Party has disregarded the health and safety of its own people.

Which of the following is the most apt description of India in terms of its relationship to the global economy? a) It is deeply integrated into the Belt and Road Initiative. b) Export growth has been driven by services rather than labor-intensive manufacturing. c) It is running a large balance of payments surplus with the OECD countries. d) It has a model of growth combining open markets and authoritarian politics.

It has a model of growth combining open markets and authoritarian politics.

Which of the following best characterizes China? a) It has embraced economic liberalism. b) It was hurt much more than the OECD countries by the global financial crisis. c) It has a much lower level of inclusive wealth than the United States. d) The CCP has significantly reduced control over the media and related technology. - I assume this isn't true

It has a much lower level of inclusive wealth than the United States.

The United States and China have the world's two largest economies, as measured by the size of their GDP. Which country has the 3rd largest economy? a) India b) Germany c) United Kingdom d) Japan

Japan

Iraq accused this country of cheating on its OPEC production quotas and siphoning off oil from the neutral zone between it and this country, which led to the Persian Gulf War in 1990. a) Saudi Arabia b) Iran c) Kuwait d) Qatar

Kuwait

Which treaty formally established the "European Union," the European Central Bank, and the Economic and Monetary Union in 1992? a) Treaty of Lisbon b) Treaty of Nice c) Treaty of Amsterdam d) Maastricht Treaty

Maastricht Treaty

Which British Prime Minister put the damper on EU integration in the early 1980s by emphasizing neoliberal economic policies? a) Edward Heath b) Margaret Thatcher c) Theresa May d) Tony Blair

Margaret Thatcher

Which of the following is not a feature of China and Africa's new energy relationship? a) China has invested billions of dollars in Africa's energy sector since 2010. b) Most of the new power plants that Chinese companies will have built in Africa between 2010 and 2020 will run on wind and solar energy. c) From 2010 to 2015, Chinese contractors built more than half of sub-Saharan Africa's newhydroelectric power plants d) China is an important supplier of wind turbines and solar panels to Africa.

Most of the new power plants that Chinese companies will have built in Africa between 2010and 2020 will run on wind and solar energy. (double check)

Which of the following was required of the UK before negotiations could begin with the UK for terms related to its future relationship to the EU? a) The UK had to apply to leave the EU under Article 50 of the TEU. b) A new Prime Minister had to be elected. c)The House of Lords had to approve the referendum. d) None of the above.

None of the above.

Which of the following is an example of efforts by developing countries to advance their interests in the face of strong IPRs? a) turning a blind eye to counterfeiting of foreign goods b) lobbying for weakening of the TRIPS agreement c) issuing compulsory licenses d) all of the above

Not sure -- b or d?

Which of the following policies would not be considered to be mercantilist? a) deemed export controls b) Made in China 2025 c) Optional Practical Training (OPT) d) "cash-for-citizenship" e) implementation of shareholder value theory

OPT? Not 100% sure

Which observation would an economic liberal most likely make about China and India? a) Open trading systems lead to rapid growth and rising consumption. b) Neither has a fundamental interest in an open, rules-based international economic system. c) Their rapid growth will hurt the United States in the long run. d) One of them—but not both—can emerge as a major political-military player in the world.

Open trading systems lead to rapid growth and rising consumption. DOUBLE CHECK

The process in which a TNC contracts with other companies overseas to provide it goods and services is called a) Outsourcing b) Insourcing c) Offshoring d) Scaling

Outsourcing

Which of the following statements about sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) is correct? a) SWFs manage pools of money on behalf of governments b) SWFs are managed by private investment banks, especially those based in New York and London. c) SWFs cannot be used to advance a country's foreign policy interests. d) SWFs are usually accountable to regulators and voters.

SWFs manage pools of money on behalf of governments

Which of the following is not an accurate statement about deniers of climate change? a) Some of them question whether rising carbon levels are due to human causes and whether therise in temperatures is a permanent long-term trend or just a normal, relatively short-termfluctuation when seen in historical perspective. b) Some of them claim that oil and natural gas are more efficient to produce and distribute than renewable resources. c) Some of them allege that an international cabal of scientists has tricked the world into believing that climate change is real. d) Some of them claim that a cabal of scientists conspires to keep critics from being published inpeer-reviewed scientific journals.

Some of them claim that oil and natural gas are more efficient to produce and distribute thanrenewable resources.

6) What is the "hydra effect"? a) The renting out of commercial privileges and protections to citizens and companies fromother countries. b) Another way of stating: "The bloody hands and the invisible hand often worked inconcert." c) Stopping drugs in one area causes drug production to increase somewhere else. d) How the "rest and relation needs" of U.S. soldiers during the Vietnam War were amajor stimulus to sex tourism in Thailand.

Stopping drugs in one area causes drug production to increase somewhere else.

Which of the following statements would an economic liberal probably agree with? a) Technological laggards need to fight for more "policy space" in IPRs. b) Developed countries use IPRs to monopolize Third World markets. c) Economic elites always seek to create private property rights from socially-produced Knowledge. d) Strong IPRs create incentives for creativity and innovation.

Strong IPRs create incentives for creativity and innovation.

Which of the following most clearly reflects economic liberal principles? a) The New International Economic Order (NIEO) b) Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) c) The Beijing Consensus d) Import substitution industrialization

Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)

Which of the following is most accurate? a) TNCs are not subject to nation-state regulation. b) TNCs' investments in developing countries have decreased since 2000. c) China in the largest recipient of FDI d) Structuralism is the IPE perspective that sees TNCs as agents of capitalist imperialism.

Structuralism is the IPE perspective that sees TNCs as agents of capitalist imperialism.

Which region of the world in 2013 had the highest proportion of its population living on $190 a day or less? a) Latin America and the Caribbean b) South Asia c) Sub-Saharan Africa d) East Asia and the Pacific

Sub-Saharan Africa

Since 1990, which of the following countries or regions has usually had the highest annual net inflows of FDI? a) The United States b) China c) South and Central America d) The European Union

The European Union

The idea of the "Six Degrees of Separation" refers to what? a) The idea that there is little separation between illegal businesses and socially responsible ones. b) The theory that states don't cooperate against crime because sovereignty separates them. c) The idea that a relatively small number of actors connects producers and consumers inillicit markets. d) The belief that animal trafficking will lead to the extinction of some animal species in ashort amount of time.

The idea that there is little separation between illegal businesses and socially responsible ones.

Dependency theorists are least likely to criticize which of the following? a) The World Bank b) The Seven Sisters c) The New International Economic Order (NIEO) d) The Washington Consensus

The New International Economic Order (NIEO)

Which statement about copyrights is correct? a) The TRIPS agreement stipulates a minimum time period for which member states must give protection to them. b) They confer exclusive rights over an invention for 20 years. c) They protect an idea, not the expression of an idea. d) They are signs and symbols to protect goods and services.

The TRIPS agreement stipulates a minimum time period for which member states must give protection to them.

4) Which of the following is a correct statement? a) Annual global sales of illegal drugs are approximately $500 billion. b) The UNODC estimates that the annuals proceeds of drug trafficking and transnationalorganized crime are equal to about $500 billion. c) The U.S. president can impose sanctions on countries that don't meet minimum standards in fighting human trafficking. d) The UNODC estimates that about 15 percent of the world's adult population used illegal drugs at least once in 2015.

The U.S. president can impose sanctions on countries that don't meet minimum standards in fighting human trafficking.

Which statement is inaccurate? a) The United States advocates for information sovereignty. b) The United States believes that information should usually be treated as an unpoliticized commodity governed by free trade principles. c) The United States is against data localization rules. d) The United States has a surplus in trade of digital and digitally-enabled services.

The United States advocates for information sovereignty.

Which of the following statement is correct? a) The United States spends more money on R&D each year than any other OECD country. b) R&D has become less internationalized since the 1990s. c) In the EU and the United States, most R&D is funded by the government. d) R&D spending as a percentage of GDP is higher in the United States than in Japan.

The United States spends more money on R&D each year than any other OECD country.

Which of the following institutions is not a member of the Troika? a) The IMF b) The ECB c) The WTO d) The European Commission

The WTO

Which of the following is not an accurate characterization of East Asian "developmental states" a) They borrowed heavily in foreign capital market to finance new industries. b) They gave subsidies to domestic firms in exchange for those firms exporting more and meeting strict performance goals. c) They recruited top students from elite universities to serve in bureaucratic agencies. d) They generally promoted export-oriented industrialization.

They borrowed heavily in foreign capital market to finance new industries.

Which statement accurately characterizes Global Value Chains? a) They are governed by the Multilateral Agreement on Investment. b) They encompass all the tasks that companies and workers perform to bring a product from conception to final use. c) Firms in the GVCs seek to move from design and marketing activities to labor-intensive manufacturing. d) All of the above.

They encompass all the tasks that companies and workers perform to bring a product from conception to final use.

Which of the following statements about the financial crisis from 2007 to 2009 is incorrect? a) The U.S. Federal Reserve played the role of "lender of last resort." b) The Federal Reserve rescued AIG, one of the world's largest bank insurers. - Correct c) Under Obama, the U.S. Congress passed a $2 trillion stimulus spending package. d) The U.S. temporarily government gained majority ownership of General Motors (GM) and Chrysler.

Torn between c and d -- neither seem correct

Which of these statements is incorrect a) U.S corporations are exempt from taxes on profits they repatriate back to the United States from overseas. b) TNCs can lower their taxes by shifting control of their intellectual property to a shell company in a tax haven c) Transfer pricing is a means for TNCs to lower their global tax bill d) The OECD has for years tried to tackle base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS)

U.S corporations are exempt from taxes on profits they repatriate back to the United States from overseas.

This event signaled the beginning of the Asian financial crisis in July of 1997: a) when foreign investors pulled most of their fund out of South Korea b) when the Thai government was overthrown in a military coup c) when the Thai government could no longer support the 25 to 1 value of the Thai baht to the U.S. dollar d) when the IMF signaled that Thailand's government was no longer worthy of credit

When the Thai government could no longer support the 25 to 1 value of the Thai baht to the U.S. dollar

Who suggested after World War II that western Europe should forge a "United States" of Europe? a) Queen Elizabeth b) Charles de Gaulle c) Winston Churchill d) Franklin D. Roosevelt

Winston Churchill

What is a "secrecy jurisdiction"? a) a place U.S. soldiers sought "rest and relaxation" during the Iraq War b) a place wealthy tax evaders like to use c) a unilateral threat to withhold aid from a country that fails to fight drugs seriously d) a bank's obligation to know its customers and exercise due diligence with depositors

a place wealthy tax evaders like to use

Outsourcing by TNCs can result in: a) increased employee insecurity among workers in the home countries of the TNCs b) increased sales of the TNCs' products in the countries where it outsources or has offset agreements. c)increased competition from firms that have received outsourced work. d) all of the above.

all of the above

The United States seeks to prevent foreign countries from accessing U.S. advanced technology by a) establishing deemed export controls. b) having CFIUS scrutinize foreign investments in the United States. c) limiting exports of dual-use technologies. d) all of the above.

all of the above

Which of the following is a likely reason why TNCs invest in production overseas? a) to overcome trade barriers b) to be closer to foreign customers c) to manage the risk of foreign exchange rate fluctuations d) to get direct access to natural resources e) all of the above

all of the above

IPRs are an important issue for developing countries because a) they need technology transfer for economic development. b) they would like to move up in global value chains. c) the cost of licensing IPRs from companies in industrialized nations can be high. d) all of these are important reasons.

all of these are important reasons

The Washington Consensus is synonymous with a) an economic liberal outlook on development. b) a dependency theory outlook on development. c) a mercantilist theory outlook on development. d) the UN's outlook on development.

an economic liberal outlook on development.

OPEC is an example of a cartel. A cartel is a) an organization like a Japanese keiretsu made up of companies. b) an international organization made up of less developed countries (LDCs). c) an organization of producers and states that control supply and pricing of a commodity. d) an organization of made up of transnational corporations (TNC)s.

an organization of producers and states that control supply and pricing of a commodity.

Which of the following is the expectation that that states should prevent corrupt money from entering their financial system and should return money to countries from which it is stolen? a) Know-thy-customer rules b) anti-kleptocracy norm c) socially responsible investing d) name and shame norm

anti-kleptocracy norm

Which Troika policy generated massive protests and demonstrations in Greece and other European countries because it imposed economic hardship on ordinary people? a) austerity b) haircuts c) Grexit d) Détente

austerity

Which of the following is not one of the "mechanisms" recommended by the Kyoto Protocol to help countries reduce their levels of greenhouse gas emissions? a) cap-and-trade emissions trading b) increasing the number of carbon sinks c) encouraging developing nations to adopt market-driven trade strategies d) giving credits to developing countries that invest in "green" projects

encouraging developing nations to adopt market-driven trade strategies

The economic liberal model of development a) is based on the successful experience of the Asian NICs. b) emphasizes the existence of international structural barriers to development. c) focuses on evolutionary, market-based change. d) promotes import-substituting growth policies.

focuses on evolutionary, market-based change.

Between 2004 and 2007, global investments in renewable energy more than quadrupled, with solar, wind, and biofuels receiving 82 percent of this money in countries such as China, India, Pakistan, and the Philippines. In which did form of energy did the United States make the preponderance of its new investments during this period? a) wind power b) solar power c) biofuels d) fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas)

fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas)

Given the expanding importance of TNCs in global markets, the role of the state seems to a) have changed, where the state's role now is to bargain with TNCs. b) have diminished drastically; TNCs now call all the shots. c) have become stronger because neoliberal policies are more important now than everbefore. d) have stayed the same; the state's role has always been to encourage its businesses.

have diminished drastically; TNCs now call all the shots.

Financialization is closely associated with each of the following except a) shareholder value theory. b) increased stock buybacks. c) "impatient" investors such as private equity funds. d) higher levels of R&D spending over the long term.

higher levels of R&D spending over the long term.

Which is not a key characteristic of India before 1990? a) the embrace of foreign direct investment b) protection of infant industry and stifling of the private sector c) promotion of a "Green Revolution" d) a significant role for state planning in the economy

protection of infant industry and stifling of the private sector

The policy of the U.S. Federal Reserve to increase the money supply by purchasing hundreds of billions of dollars in bonds and mortgage-backed securities is called a) quantitative easing. b) crony capitalism. c) a Ponzi scheme. d) the Dodd-Frank Act.

quantitative easing.

Which country or organization spearheaded the creation of UNCTAD? a) the Soviet Union b) the G77 c) the UN General Assembly d) OPEC

the G77

4) Which indicator is most important when it comes to determining the balance of payments and whether or not a nation is going into debt? a) the balance of trade b) the capital account c) the current account d) none of the above

the current account