POLI 201 - Exam 2 - Chapter 8

The idea of political reform that became known as progressivism was __________.

a continuation of traditional Democratic Party positions that were repackaged to appeal to a wider group of voters

Party identification is __________.

linking oneself to a particular political party

Dealignment occurs when __________.

loyalties and long-term party commitment decline

The task of planning the next campaign and convention, obtaining financial contributions, and publicizing the national party belongs to the __________.

national chairperson

A political party is a group of individuals that __________.

organizes to win elections and operate the government

The third parties in the United States that have had the greatest longevity have been __________.

parties with strong ideological foundations

At each national convention a political party drafts the party __________ outlining the party's policies, positions, and principles.

platform

A political party differs from an interest group in that __________.

political parties want to operate the government and interest groups do not

The first political parties in the United States, the Federalists and Anti-Federalists, had opposing views related to the __________.

power that should be provided to the national government

One reason that the two-party system has endured in the United States is the __________.

prevalence of single-member electoral districts

The presidential election of 1912 was unique because __________.

there were three significant contenders for the presidency

A political system in which only two parties have a reasonable chance of winning is called a __________.

two-party system

If political parties in the United States did not search out and encourage political hopefuls __________.

voters would have limited choices

Tipping takes place __________.

when groups of voters grow large enough to change the partisan balance in a district, state, or country

A reason that two major parties have controlled the political system in the United States for almost 200 years is the ___________.

winner-take-all electoral system

Which of the following groups is more likely than the others to affiliate with the Democratic Party?

women

One example of realignment occurred when __________.

working-class voters abandoned the Republicans in 1932 as a result of the Great Depression

Which statement about party positions related to economic issues is true?​

​Democrats think that the current federal tax system is not fair.

Which statement about party positions related to social issues is accurate?​

​Republicans favor gun ownership over gun control.

One responsibility that a political party takes on when accepting responsibility for running the government is __________.

​developing connections between elected officials to implement their policies

Political parties play an important role in organizing and running elections by __________.

​developing the election ballot

Political parties are large and complex organizations that __________.​

​instruct their constituents to guide their expectations and demands

Leaders in the political parties pay close attention to the affiliation of their members electorate because __________.​

​they seek to attract under-represented groups

Which of the following statements about political parties during the era of good feelings is true?

During the era of good feelings, spirited competition between parties occurred in a context of mutual respect and polite restraint.

Realignment __________.

takes place when a substantial group of voters switches party allegiance

Which statement about the demographics of the political parties is true?​

Individuals who are white Evangelical protestants identify with the Republican Party.

Which of the following statements about third parties in the United States is true?

Minor parties have become increasingly more important in campaigns for federal office.

Democrats place a higher importance on __________ than Republicans.

taxes

Which of the following is true of political parties in America?

Political parties are extremely hierarchical.

Which of the following statements about the Great Depression and New Deal era are true?

The Great Depression shattered the belief of working-class Americans in the economic competence of the Democratic Party.

Today, a faction is __________.

a subgroup within a party

During the late 1960s, __________.

a. economically liberal, socially conservative voters left the Republican Party b. the Democrats gained strength in the South c. the two decades of Republican-controlled White House and Congress came to an end d. Republicans attained a majority in Congress e. urban riots and anti-Vietnam War protests pushed many voters toward conservatism

A decline in party loyalties that reduces long-term party commitment is known as a __________.

dealignment

The party-in-government is best described as __________.

elected and appointed officials who identify with a party

The winner-take-all principle can be observed in the United States when the __________ select(s) the president and the vice president.

electoral college

The political party "out of power" is __________.

expected to force debate on policy alternatives

Many of the Founders saw political parties as __________.

factions motivated by ambition and self-interest

The modern Republican Party was formed __________.

from a coalition of antislavery factions

Republicans place a greater importance on __________ than Democrats.

gun policy

Third parties have influenced presidential elections by __________.

increasing party identification among the electorate

The adoption of __________ would permit multiple parties to acquire seats in Congress because representation would be based on the percentage of votes that they receive in national elections.

proportional representation

Many political scientists contend that third parties __________.

serve as a safety valve for dissident political groups, preventing major confrontations and political unrest

The unit rule is important to presidential candidates because __________.

the electoral votes of a state are cast for the candidate who gets the largest number of popular votes in the state

The party organization is __________.

the formal structure and leadership of a political party

The party-in-the-electorate refers to __________.

the members of the general public who identify with a political party

Democrats of today emphasize __________.

the need to focus on education, poverty and homelessness

The structural framework for the political party that recruits volunteers to become party leaders and identifies potential candidates is __________.

the party organization

The national convention held by each political party is important because __________.

the party platform is developed

Individuals who may or may not participate in election campaigns yet who feel loyalty to a political party would best be described as __________.

the party-in-the-electorate

One consequential outcome attributed to the early presence of political parties in American politics was __________.

the peaceful transfer of power from one party to another