Police Test 14-15

Knowledge in policing does not come easily or cheaply. The primary source of funding is A. national private foundations. B. the federal government. C. state governments. D. universities.

B. the federal government.

What is the name of the New York Times reporter who exposed one of the biggest corruption scandals in the New York City Police Department, resulting in the Knapp Commission investigation? A. David Burnham B. Frank Serpico C. Mike Smith D. David Brinkley

A. David Burnham

Crime analyst positions are usually staffed by civilians rather than sworn officers because A. civilians are less costly to employ. B. these positions do not require rank officers to have specialized training or additional knowledge to execute tasks. C. of the lack of authority required for the position. D. federal law enforcement agencies require that the workforce in every police department should be made up of 50 percent civilians.

A. civilians are less costly to employ.

The analysis of spatial patterns of crime with hot spots is referred to as A. crime mapping. B. geographic spacing. C. pattern identification. D. crime spot technology.

A. crime mapping.

The Newark Foot Patrol Study found that increasing the number of foot patrol officers A. did not reduce crime but it did reduce the fear of crime. B. did not reduce the fear of crime but it did reduce the amount of crime. C. did not reduce the fear of crime or the amount of crime. D. reduced both the fear of crime and the amount of crime.

A. did not reduce crime but it did reduce the fear of crime.

According to Herbert Packer, the _____ envisions strict rules of procedures to govern criminal justice officials for the purpose of protecting the rights of citizens. A. due process model B. crime control model C. community cooperation model D. crime prophylactic model

A. due process model

The system which identifies officers with a disproportionate number of citizen complaints is called A. early intervention system. B. problem officer program. C. troubled officer avoidance. D. officer effectiveness improvement.

A. early intervention system.

The National Crime Information Center (NCIC) is run by the A. Department of Homeland Security. B. FBI. C. Attorney General's Office. D. DEA.

B. FBI.

What system keeps track of crime mapping? A. CAD B. RMS C. COMPSTAT D. IBM

C. COMPSTAT

The program COMPSTAT was originally developed in A. Philadelphia. B. Milwaukee. C. New York City. D. Dallas.

C. New York City.

The first case in which the court applied the exclusionary rule was A. Miranda v. Arizona. B. Gideon v. Wainwright. C. United States v. Dickerson. D. Weeks v. United States.

D. Weeks v. United States.

Which public interest group provided briefs that became the basis for the Supreme Court's decisions in the Mapp and Miranda cases? A. the Warren Commission B. Mothers Against Drunk Driving C. Risk Management D. the American Civil Liberties Union

D. the American Civil Liberties Union

One of the most widely applied technological weapons used today by police is A. satellite monitoring. B. license plate readers. C. bean bag launchers. D. the Taser.

D. the Taser.

According to your text, the most influential change taking place in policing today is A. the number of police officers attaining college degrees. B. the number of Hispanic officers being hired. C. the increase in the number of officers on patrol. D. the increasing use of information technology.

D. the increasing use of information technology.

A battery-powered electromuscular device (EMD) that fires two metal prongs attached to a wire delivering approximately 26 watts of electricity at more than 50,000 volts is called a A. Taser. B. laser. C. phaser. D. ray gun.

A. Taser.

In an early intervention system, what happens to the officers who are identified by the computerized data base as having performance problems? A. They are subject to an intervention. B. They are demoted. C. They are fired. D. They receive heavy supervision for one year.

A. They are subject to an intervention.

The Justice Department can bring lawsuits against police departments under a section of the law known as the A. Violent Crime Control Act. B. Police Brutality Act. C. Police Misconduct Act. D. Civil Rights Guarantee Act.

A. Violent Crime Control Act.

Which of the following communication devices enables a police officer to gain maximum access to all kinds of information? A. a mobile workstation B. a call box C. a mobile radio D. a cellular phone

A. a mobile workstation

In the text, having someone answer for his or her conduct is called A. accountability. B. answerability. C. liability. D. dependability.

A. accountability.

A process of professional self-regulation that is used in virtually all professions is called A. accreditation. B. approval. C. endorsement. D. professionalization.

A. accreditation.

The type of analysis focusing on providing summary statistics and data to police managers is termed A. administrative crime analysis. B. meta crime analysis. C. tactical crime analysis. D. strategic crime analysis.

A. administrative crime analysis.

Along with the mobile radio, the only way for a supervisor or dispatcher to communicate with a police officer before the early 1980s was through a A. call box. B. cellular phone. C. mobile workstation. D. mobile data terminal.

A. call box.

Civilian review boards differ from police auditors in that civilian review boards A. focus on individual complaints. B. are set up by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). C. are part of a sheriff's department. D. primarily investigate department policies.

A. focus on individual complaints.

Mobile computers and work stations in police vehicles access the department's CAD and RMS systems. This allows A. police officers to check for information about the persons they have pulled over. B. police department departments to justify retaining vehicles they pulled over during investigation stops. C. constant monitoring of the officers' actions in the field. D. immediate notification in case the officer requires assistance.

A. police officers to check for information about the persons they have pulled over.

One of the central tasks of police management primarily falling upon the Sergeant is A. routine supervision. B. delegation. C. span of control. D. mentoring.

A. routine supervision.

The type of analysis that focuses on long-term crime trends is A. strategic crime analysis. B. tactical crime analysis. C. administrative crime analysis. D. offender specific analysis.

A. strategic crime analysis.

Edward Littlejohn's study of police misconduct litigation in Detroit through the 1970s found that suits A. produced many reforms and changes. B. produced few reforms. C. produced changes in how people perceived the chief of police. D. produced changes in how the police academies trained their recruits.

B. produced few reforms.

Patrol officers want to know about the modus operandi, time, and location of burglaries occurring in their locality. They want an analysis of these factors to help them immediately address the rising instances of burglaries occurring in their neighborhood. Patrol officers want to prioritize these problems over others. In this case, patrol officers are most likely interested in A. tactical crime analysis. B. districting analysis. C. re-districting analysis. D. strategic crime analysis.

A. tactical crime analysis.

_____ rests on the assumption that, because of the police subculture, police officers cannot objectively investigate complaints against fellow officers. A. Community overview B. Citizen oversight C. Independent review D. Citizen complaint audit

B. Citizen oversight

Which of the following statements is true about an early intervention system (EIS)? A. It excludes data about use of force incidents. B. It examines the past performance of officers. C. It is part of the disciplinary system in police departments. D. It directly punishes police officers for their misconduct.

B. It examines the past performance of officers.

In the context of command-level reviews, which of the following statements is true about a force investigation team (FIT)? A. It conducts a higher level review of force incidents than the use-of-force review board (UFRB). B. Its first task is to roll out immediately to the scene of an incident. C. Its primary objective is to discipline rank-and-file officers. D. It is the most effective external mechanism for reviewing employee performance.

B. Its first task is to roll out immediately to the scene of an incident.

What is a consent decree? A. a formal statement issued to the press after a civil trial B. a formal agreement by both sides to settle a suit C. a means by which the police avoid civil suits D. an injunction issued by a judge to stop misconduct investigations

B. a formal agreement by both sides to settle a suit

In the context of policing, the term _____ refers to police and other government agencies having to answer to the public. A. oversight B. accountability C. responsibility D. authority

B. accountability

Which of the following types of crime analysis focuses on providing summary statistics and data to police managers? A. analytical crime analysis B. administrative crime analysis C. strategic crime analysis D. tactical crime analysis

B. administrative crime analysis

Most job opportunities available in law enforcement exist in the A. federal agencies. B. city, county, and state agencies. C. Department of Homeland Security. D. local market until the economy improves.

B. city, county, and state agencies.

The unwillingness of police officers to report misconduct by other officers is called the A. performance closure. B. code of silence. C. unity of silence. D. brotherhood of blue.

B. code of silence.

The system used to more effectively and efficiently manage calls for service from the public is commonly referred to as A. mobile computing dispatch. B. computer aided dispatch. C. technology aided dispatch. D. integrated systems dispatch.

B. computer aided dispatch.

Data-driven decisions that allocate resources, predict criminal activity, and support officers in their technical decisions are known as A. meta analyses. B. crime analyses. C. incident investigations. D. SARA analyses.

B. crime analyses.

Before computerized technology, one of the most time-consuming activities engaged in by police agencies was the A. management of vehicle technology. B. management of paperwork. C. information database software. D. management of calls for service.

B. management of paperwork.

Many police officers refrain from working on internal affairs assignments because A. they are not supported by blue-ribbon commissions. B. of the stigma associated with investigating fellow officers. C. they occupy a lower status than homicide. D. of the low salary police officers receive on such assignments.

B. of the stigma associated with investigating fellow officers.

The result of mobilizing police personnel into active military and military reserves has led to A. reduced budgets. B. personnel shortages. C. demographic changes. D. reduced hiring standards.

B. personnel shortages.

Some of the most overlooked careers in policing are jobs held by A. commissioned officers. B. managers. C. civilians. D. volunteers.

C. civilians.

The Phoenix Police Department argues that the use of TASERS has A. increased the number of injuries to police officers and suspects. B. reduced the number of injuries to police officers and suspects. C. increased the number of injuries to police officers but decreased the number of injuries to suspects. D. increased the number of injuries to suspects and decreased the number of injuries to police officers

B. reduced the number of injuries to police officers and suspects.

One of the central tasks of police management is _____, a responsibility that falls primarily on the sergeants. A. planning B. routine supervision C. strategic planning D. budgeting

B. routine supervision

The purpose of Risk Management (RM) systems is to A. provide assistance to officers with performance issues. B. systematically collect data on litigation costs, analyze the causes of the lawsuits, and takes steps to reduce or eliminate the causes. C. assess the risk of not applying for departmental accreditation. D. measure the risk of losing federal funding

B. systematically collect data on litigation costs, analyze the causes of the lawsuits, and takes steps to reduce or eliminate the causes.

Crime analysis involving the identification of specific crime problems in particular geographic areas is called A. strategic crime analysis. B. tactical crime analysis. C. administrative crime analysis. D. offender specific analysis.

B. tactical crime analysis.

Which of the following is an example of a blue-ribbon commission? A. the American Civil Liberties Union B. the Christopher Commission C. the Justice Department D. the Civil Protection Commission

B. the Christopher Commission

What is the name for the code regarded as a major barrier to police accountability? A. the code of commissioners B. the code of silence C. the police code of conduct D. the code of police discretion

B. the code of silence

The rule that states "all evidence obtained by searches and seizures in violation of the Constitution is, by that same authority, inadmissible in a state court" is usually called A. the search and seizure rule. B. the exclusionary rule. C. the evidence rule. D. the Miranda ruling.

B. the exclusionary rule.

In the context of policing, a problem with body-worn cameras is that A. only sheriffs and chief inspectors are allowed to use them. B. they increase the amount of time officers spend on paperwork. C. they require police officers and citizens to complete specific training programs to understand the functions of body-word cameras. D. the videos from these cameras cannot be used as evidence in court proceedings.

B. they increase the amount of time officers spend on paperwork.

With all the concerns over terrorism leading to a major expansion of the role of state and local police agencies, there is a danger that the new roles and responsibilities A. will lead agencies to become dependent on the new funds from the federal government. B. will divert personnel and effort from current responsibilities. C. will infringe on the right of citizens to travel without being considered to be suspicious. D. will increase the powers of government so much so that government becomes too large to be effective in another terrorist incident.

B. will divert personnel and effort from current responsibilities.

There are many opportunities for individuals aspiring to a federal law enforcement career since the creation of the A. Transportation Security Administration. B. International Commerce Administration. C. Department of Homeland Security. D. Enhanced Central Intelligence Agency.

C. Department of Homeland Security.

Who said the following: "The nature of the police function is such that primary dependence for the control of police conduct must continue to be placed upon internal systems of control"? A. Sir Robert Peel B. James Q. Wilson C. Herman Goldstein D. Jerome Skolnick

C. Herman Goldstein

The most important court with respect to police accountability is the A. appellate court. B. court of public opinion. C. Supreme Court. D. municipal court.

C. Supreme Court.

Which of the following is one of the several roles played by citizen oversight agencies? A. They provide counseling services to officers with performance difficulties. B. They assist the IA in identifying "problem" officers in need of intervention. C. They engage in policy review. D. They give assistance to citizens desiring lawsuits against a department.

C. They engage in policy review.

The type of analysis that provides statistical summaries and data to police managers is A. strategic crime analysis. B. tactical crime analysis. C. administrative crime analysis. D. offender specific analysis.

C. administrative crime analysis.

The problem of perceived unfairness of a disciplinary action can be addressed if a police department A. emphasizes retributive justice rather than social justice. B. excludes civilian review boards in the department. C. adopts procedural justice in its internal procedures. D. reduces the frequency of disciplinary procedures in a department.

C. adopts procedural justice in its internal procedures.

One of the best recent examples of the impact of research on policy is the development of A. Taser technology. B. team policing. C. community policing. D. positive attitudes toward women in policing.

C. community policing.

The exclusionary rule has been largely confined to A. robbery and rape cases. B. murder and burglary cases. C. drug and weapons cases. D. rape and murder cases.

C. drug and weapons cases.

The media contributes to police problems by A. overemphasizing the heroism of policing. B. providing too much coverage of routine police activities. C. emphasizing sensational stories, especially police misconduct. D. reporting on policing accurately and focusing on community relations.

C. emphasizing sensational stories, especially police misconduct.

Records management systems are used to A. allow the officer to record his or her report on tape for an intern to type later. B. allow the officer to fill out one written report for each suspect. C. input and organize information from different types of reports in one easy-to-access format. D. All of the answers are correct.

C. input and organize information from different types of reports in one easy-to-access format.

The office within a police organization responsible for investigating alleged misconduct by police officers is known as A. citizen review office. B. fair discipline unit. C. internal affairs unit. D. personal integrity section.

C. internal affairs unit.

Relational databases used to evaluate officers by tracking productivity or the number of complaints made against them are used for A. criminal investigations. B. community policing. C. management purposes. D. relational numbers.

C. management purposes.

The program that assigns legal counsel to a police department for immediate legal advice is termed A. benefit legal system. B. city attorney assignment. C. police legal advisor. D. risk management attorney.

C. police legal advisor.

Citizen oversight was designed to A. assess police misconduct in civil rights proceedings. B. provide an internal review of police misconduct. C. provide some independent citizen input into the complaint process. D. allow the police chief special insight into the department.

C. provide some independent citizen input into the complaint process.

An early intervention system (EIS) is primarily used to A. trace criminals and suspects in a neighborhood. B. track organized crime in a locality. C. record the performance of police officers. D. de-escalate a situation.

C. record the performance of police officers.

The process used to input and organize information in one easy-to-access format is referred to as A. identifications system. B. words management system. C. records management system. D. database system.

C. records management system.

The RMS of an organization is also known as a A. rural metro security. B. refusal of medical screening technology. C. records management systems. D. record of minor screening

C. records management systems.

The ratio of sergeants to officers is referred to as the A. routine supervision. B. delegation. C. span of control. D. mentoring.

C. span of control.

The Scottsdale Police Department's crime analysis unit discovered that over a course of years, open-garage-door burglaries were increasing. The crime analyst coordinated with patrol, community watch groups, and neighborhood associations to develop a plan to prevent these types of burglaries. This is an example of A. analytical crime analysis. B. administrative crime analysis. C. strategic crime analysis. D. tactical crime analysis.

C. strategic crime analysis.

The type of analysis involving the identification of a specific crime problem in a particular geographic area is termed A. administrative crime analysis. B. meta crime analysis. C. tactical crime analysis. D. strategic crime analysis.

C. tactical crime analysis.

The cases of Weeks v. United States and Mapp v. Ohio were decided based on which amendment to the Constitution? A. the first amendment B. the second amendment C. the fourth amendment D. the fifth amendment

C. the fourth amendment

Which of the following is NOT one of the Miranda warnings? A. the right to remain silent B. the right to have an attorney C. the right to trial by a jury of 12 people D. the right to have a court appointed attorney

C. the right to trial by a jury of 12 people

In the Cassell study, what percentage of defendants voluntarily waived their Miranda rights? A. 54 percent B. 64 percent C. 74 percent D. 84 percent

D. 84 percent

Concerned by increased terrorist activities, which of the following methods are being practiced by the U.S. law enforcement? A. investigating suspected terrorists B. preparing for and responding to specific terrorist acts C. preparing for possible terrorist acts involving weapons of mass destruction D. All of the answers are correct.

D. All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is a responsibility of criminal analysts? A. gathering information that comes to the police B. analyzing data to determine patterns and trends in crime C. presenting the information to the appropriate personnel D. All of the answers are correct.

D. All of the answers are correct.

The computer system used to effectively and efficiently manage calls for service from the public is known as A. National Computer Information. B. Record Management System. C. Information Technology. D. Computer Aided Dispatch.

D. Computer Aided Dispatch.

Which of the following statements is true about a discipline matrix? A. It increases the time spent by police officers when establishing sanctions for indiscipline. B. It stops people from knowing in advance about the various disciplinary actions in the event of a misconduct by a police officer. C. It is an informal schedule for disciplinary actions. D. It allows for some discretion by specifying a minimum or maximum penalty.

D. It allows for some discretion by specifying a minimum or maximum penalty.

Which of the following is not one of the advantages of Computer-Aided Dispatch? A. It offers departments a faster and more effective method of communicating with police officers in the field. B. It enhances safety by monitoring officers' status. C. It helps prioritize calls. D. It allows for video monitoring of the officer.

D. It allows for video monitoring of the officer.

Which of the following statements is true about the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program? A. It has extensive data on white-collar crimes. B. It has extensive data on organized crimes and drug offenses. C. It records only blue-collar crimes. D. It records only reported crime.

D. It records only reported crime.

Which of the following statements is true about a call box? A. It was the most widely used means of communication by beat officers in the 1930s. B. It was more effective and efficient than mobile radios. C. It was able to record videos of police officers and criminals. D. It was accessible to police officers only at specific locations.

D. It was accessible to police officers only at specific locations.

According to _____, the demand for effective crime control often conflicts with the requirements of the law. A. Clarence Darrel B. James Q. Wilson C. Janet Reno D. Jerome Skolnick

D. Jerome Skolnick

Which police department concluded that "Our personnel evaluations have little or no credibility at any level in the organization"? A. New York B. Chicago C. St. Louis D. Los Angeles

D. Los Angeles

In what manner are the police who violate the law prosecuted? A. The police are brought to civil trial. B. The police are not prosecuted; the whole department is sued. C. The police are not prosecuted; they lose their jobs. D. The police are prosecuted as criminals.

D. The police are prosecuted as criminals

Which of the following statements is true about inspectors general? A. They investigate individual citizen complaints. B. They report crimes to the police on behalf of citizens. C. They form the use-of-force review board (UFRB). D. They monitor the policies and practices of police departments.

D. They monitor the policies and practices of police departments.

Which of the following is a weakness concerning internal mechanisms of accountability? A. They are too remote from the activities they are supposed to monitor. B. They are biased and interested in public opinion. C. They are an elective mechanism and therefore not always used. D. They run the risk of being too close to the officers they have to monitor.

D. They run the risk of being too close to the officers they have to monitor.

Which of the following is NOT one of the problems with citizen review agencies? A. They might intrude on professional independence. B. They are expensive and duplicate other types of police work. C. They may not be qualified to make such investigations. D. They undermine the authority of the police and their ability to make arrests.

D. They undermine the authority of the police and their ability to make arrests.

What is accreditation? A. a process by which departments receive federal funding B. a system that sets the maximum officer standards C. a mandatory system for setting departmental standards D. a process of professional self-regulation

D. a process of professional self-regulation

In terms of education, most federal agencies require that an applicant have A. at least a high school diploma. B. at least an associate's degree. C. at least some college education. D. an undergraduate degree.

D. an undergraduate degree.

The three functions of crime analysis are to A. scan, assess, and analyze. B. analyze, notify line units, and advise criminal investigations. C. identify conditions, deploy appropriate units, and assess impact. D. assess, identify correlations, and identify conditions.

D. assess, identify correlations, and identify conditions.

Who among the following usually has the highest median annual salary? A. patrol officers B. beat officers C. troopers D. detectives

D. detectives

Programs through which officers can receive professional counseling related to the specific problems they encounter are called A. stress relief units. B. counsel relief programs. C. pre-termination wellness units. D. employee assistance programs.

D. employee assistance programs.

One of the most influential changes taking place in policing today is related to A. community policing. B. foot patrol. C. efficient patrol vehicles. D. information technology.

D. information technology.

A newspaper report described the midnight shift in the Suffolk County Police Department as the A. thin blue line between us and them. B. combat zone. C. Ft. Apache. D. lost battalion.

D. lost battalion.

The era of policing knowledge in which the discipline has enormously expanded its knowledge base is known as the A. Era of Experiential Learning. B. Foundation of Knowledge. C. DARE Research. D. research revolution.

D. research revolution.

The type of analysis that focuses on long-term crime trends is termed A. administrative crime analysis. B. meta crime analysis. C. tactical crime analysis. D. strategic crime analysis.

D. strategic crime analysis.