POLS Test Two
___ is the power the media have to shape what issues Americans think about and ________ is the power the media have to influence how Americans think about those issues.
agenda setting, framing & priming
Lobbying
attempting to influence policy makers
The term "public opinion" is used to describe
attitudes about political issues, leaders, institutions, and events.
Individuals with home high-speed internet access and the technology and literacy skills to use it are called
digital citizens
The fact that only 63 percent of high school graduates have broadband internet access at home while almost 90 percent of college graduates do is an example of
digital divide
Libertarianism is a political ideology that
emphasizes freedom and voluntary association with small government
A shared American ideal that all people should have the freedom to use whatever talents and wealth they have to reach their fullest potential is _____________________.
equality of opportunity
Today, the term liberal refers to someone who generally supports the social and economic status quo and is suspicious of efforts to introduce new political formulas and economic arrangements.
false
The solidary benefits of interest groups include
friendship and consciousness-raising
What is niche journalism?
news reporting targeted for a demographic of readers based on content or ideological presentation.
Generally speaking, a recall effort begins with a
petition campaign
The process by which political values are formed is known as
political soialization
The Sierra Club is a(n) ________ group.
public interest
open primary
A primary election in which voters may choose in which party to vote as they enter the polling place
Socialism refers to a political ideology that emphasizes social ownership, strong government, and reducing economic inequality.
T
The small group selected by pollsters to represent the entire population is called a
sample
The concept of a marketplace of ideas refers to
the competition between varying opinions and ideas that are aired in public forums.
Who is an incumbent?
the current officeholder, running for reelection
What is the social desirability effect?
the fact that respondents report what they think the interviewer wishes to hear or whatever they think is socially acceptable, rather than what they actually believe
The practice of push polling involves
the procedure of asking loaded questions in order to subtly shape the respondent's opinion.
In the United States, freedom of the press is protected by
1st Amendment
Which of the following is not an agent of socialization?
An individual's religion has no impact on their political views.
If a person supports a candidate because he or she is the front-runner in a poll, it is an example of the
Bandwagon
Which of the following statements about the marketplace of ideas is true?
Private groups and the news media play important roles in shaping opinions in the marketplace of ideas.
Which statement best describes the relationship between public opinion and government policy?
The relationship between government policy and public opinion is dynamic, wherein government policy responds to public opinion but public opinion also shifts based on new government policies.
Pollsters use random digit dialing to gather national samples for surveys because
There is not a complete list of all Americans that can be used to identify the population.
A political ideology is best defined as
a cohesive set of beliefs that form a general philosophy about government
An iron triangle is made up of an alliance between
a legislative committee, an interest group, and an executive agency.
closed primary
a primary election in which voting is limited to already registered party members
Bernie Sanders is best described as a
democratic socialist
The fact that Americans strongly support minimal governmental interference with individuals' lives and property illustrates their commitment to
liberty
Which of the following sets of terms best describes America's fundamental political values?
liberty, equality, and democracy
The tendency to focus news coverage on only one aspect of an event or issue, avoiding coverage of other aspects is called
selection bias
The process of preparing the public to take a particular view of an event or political actor is called priming.
true
Reporting in which the media adopt a skeptical or even hostile posture toward the government and public officials is referred to as
tv