Practice:Chapter 5

What separated the different regions within Greece?

mountains

What form of government was practiced in Sparta?

oligarchy

In ancient Greece, a tyrant differed from other leaders in that he

shared power with the nobility.

Who was driven from Greece shortly before the golden age of Athens began?

the Persians

What caused the major difficulties in uniting ancient Greeks under a single government?

the geography of the region

Which of the following pairs were most alike in their political impact?

Solon and Pericles

How do you know that Sparta's rulers would be hard to overthrow?

They had control of the military.

Which of the following did Athens and Sparta have in common?

They were both city-states.

A significant democratic reform carried out by Pericles was to

increase the public payroll.

Solon is known for

introducing political and economic reforms to Athens.

Which of the following was NOT a reason why Alexandria was the foremost center for the spread of Hellenistic civilization?

its military conquests

All of the following were characteristics of Athens' direct democracy EXCEPT

leaders chosen by the aristocracy.

What caused the decline of Athens' golden age and the end of democracy?

military defeat

A phalanx was a type of

military formation.

In which form of government was rule sometimes justified by religion?

monarchy

Which form of government does not involve rule by a group?

monarchy

Which form of government sometimes had a ruler who claimed divine right?

monarchy

Which form of government was the earliest in this region?

monarchy

Which philosopher was condemned to death for "corrupting the youth of Athens" and "neglecting the city's gods"?

Socrates

Given the meaning of polis, and considering the definition of acropolis, you can tell that the Greek combining form acro- means

"highest."

In which city-state was power most widely shared?

Athens (461 B.C.)

Which of the following fought the Peloponnesian War?

Athens and Sparta

What is the order in which these three peoples dominated Greece?

Mycenaeans; Dorians; Macedonians

Why did Alexander the Great refuse the peace settlement from Darius III?

Alexander's quick victory made him want the entire Persian Empire.

Why do archaeologists think the Trojan War actually took place?

An archaeologist discovered the possible remains of ancient Troy.

Alexander the Great's first victories against the Persians gave him control of which region?

Anatolia

Why is it important that Alexander the Great was a student of Aristotle?

Aristotle taught Alexander all that was known in the Greek world then.

Which of the following cultures was not represented in the cultural blend of Hellenistic culture?

Chinese

Why is the government during the Age of Pericles referred to as a "direct" democracy?

Citizens ruled directly; they did not elect representatives.

Why was Alexandria, Egypt, important during the Hellenistic period?

It became the foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic culture.

What was an important feature of Athenian democracy under Pericles?

It increased the number of paid public officials.

How did Hellenistic sculpture differ from classical sculpture?

It was more realistic and emotional.

Which of the following was NOT a reason why Macedonia conquered Greece?

Macedonia received effective assistance from Persia.

After conquering Greece, Alexander the Great conquered which regions?

Persian Empire, Egypt, and the Indus Valley

Who wrote The Republic, a book that set forth his vision of a perfectly governed society?

Plato

The Peloponnesian War was won by

Sparta.

In which forms of government did heredity play no role in the selection of rulers?

democracy and oligarchy

The Persian army that invaded Greece in 480 B.C. and was defeated at sea near Salamis was led by

Xerxes.

The type of government that existed in Sparta could be described as

an oligarchy.

In which form of government did social status play a role?

aristocracy

In which forms of government was rule based at least partially on wealth?

aristocracy and oligarchy

Which of the following did Athenians do in order to transform an aristocracy into a direct democracy?

break up the power of the rich nobility

Which form of government was ruled by all citizens?

direct democracy

During the Peloponnesian War, more than one-third of the Athenians, including Pericles, died as a result of

disease.

Greek art of the time, also called "classical art," exhibits all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

emotion.

What was the direct cause of Athens' gradual move toward democracy?

fears of major political upheavals

How did government in Athens evolve?

from an aristocracy to a democracy

The most severe restriction on democracy in Athens under Cleisthenes concerned

which members of the society were considered citizens.