Pre-Test: Standards 1.7, 1.8, 1.9

The decision in United States v. Lopez (1995) reflected new ideas about federalism at the time that can be best characterized by which of the following?

A delegation of power from the federal government to state governments, increasing state and local sovereignty

Which of the following pair of Supreme Court cases best illustrates how views of federalism have shifted in the United States?

B) McCulloch v Maryland; United States v Lopez

This decision of the Supreme Court upheld the principle that

Congress has the power to make laws to carry out its constitutional duties

This clause is often referred to as the

Elastic Clause

Interpretations of this clause have been central to attempts to define the nature of which of the following aspects of the United States political system?

Federalism

Which constitutional principle best explains the differences in poverty rates presented in the map?

Federalism

Which of the following statements can be supported from information in the table above?

I, III, and IV

Cooperative federalism can best be described by which of the following statements?

Different levels of government are involved in common policy areas.

Of the following, which has been used most to expand the power of the national government?

The commerce clause of the Constitution

Which of the following is an accurate description of the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) ?

The federal government had the authority to establish a national bank, and Maryland's tax was unconstitutional.

Which of the following is true based on information on the map?

The poverty rate in the United States varies by state and region.

Giving state governments greater discretion in deciding how to achieve the specific goals of welfare reform is an example of

devolution

In a federal system of government, political power is primarily

divided between the central government and regional governments

The supremacy clause in the Constitution states that

federal law takes precedence over state law when the laws conflict

The terms "fiscal federalism" and "cooperative federalism" refer to situations in which

federal, state, and local governments work together to complete a project, with the federal government providing much of the project funding

What type of governmental powers are specifically derived from this clause?

implied powers

What type of powers belonging to the national government did this decision loosely define?

implied powers

The framers of the United States Constitution left decisions on voting eligibility to the

individual states

The reserved powers of the state governments can best be described as those powers

not specifically granted to the national government or denied to the states

The Americans with Disabilities Act was widely unpopular with governors and mayors because it

required that states and cities pay for federally mandated construction and remodeling

The Tenth Amendment to the Constitution has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to *

reserve powers to the states

The most significant trend in federal-state relations during the 1980s was

shifting the responsibilities and costs for many programs to state governments

The clause in the United States Constitution that states that federal law will prevail in the event of a conflict between federal and state law is known as the

supremacy clause

In the United States political system, the term Federalism refers to

the division of powers between the levels of government

A prominent example of the process of returning more of the responsibilities of governing from the national level to the state level is

welfare reform

Based on the passage and your knowledge, which of the following most likely explains how Adam Smith might react to the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) ?

Smith would disapprove of the court's decision to expand the federal government's power to regulate the economy

In McCulloch v. Maryland , the Supreme Court established which of the following principles?

States cannot interfere with or tax the legitimate activities of the federal government.

All of the following are consequences of the federal system in the United States EXCEPT

a strict division of power among levels of government

The Americans with Disabilities Act, which provides protections for the disabled, is an example of

an unfunded mandate

States and localities have the most discretion in establishing policy when federal funding is derived from

block grants