Prep U oncology

The clinic nurse is caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a tumor. The client says to the nurse "The doctor says my tumor is benign. What does that mean?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Benign tumors don't usually cause death."

A 16-year-old female client has post-chemotherapy alopecia. This prompts the nursing diagnoses of Disturbed Body Image and Situational Low Self-Esteem. Which response by the client would best indicate improved coping related to these diagnoses?

Requests that her family bring her makeup and wig

nurse provides care on a bone marrow transplant unit and is preparing a client for a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) the following day. Which information should the nurse emphasize to the client's family and friends?

"Do not visit if you've had a recent infection

The nurse is caring for a client is scheduled for chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? "I hope they find a bone marrow donor who matches." "The doctor will remove cells from my bone marrow before beginning chemotherapy." "I will receive chemotherapy until most of the cancer is gone, and then I will get my own stem cells back." "I will need to attend follow-up visits for up to 3 months after treatment."

"I hope they find a bone marrow donor who matches."

The nurse instructs a client receiving chemotherapy on actions to prevent the development of stomatitis. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that teaching has been effective?

"I will brush my teeth after every meal."

A client receiving chemotherapy has a nursing diagnosis of Deficient diversional activity related to decreased energy. Which client statement indicates an accurate understanding of appropriate ways to deal with this deficit?

"I'll play card games with my friends."

The client is to receive cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 50 mg/kg intravenously in divided doses over 5 days. The client weighs 176 pounds. How many mg of cyclophosphamide will the client receive each day? Enter the correct number ONLY.

800

The nurse is caring for a client with the diagnosis of colon cancer with metastasis to the liver. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the diagnosis?

"My cancer has now spread to my liver."

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for chemotherapy. Which is the best statement the nurse can make about the client experiencing chemotherapy-induced alopecia?

"The hair loss is usually temporary."

A client with advanced cancer makes the following comment to the nurse: "Why are you bathing me? I am going to die no matter what." What is the most appropriate response of the nurse?

"Would you like to talk about what you are feeling?"

While doing a health history, a client tells the nurse that their mother, grandmother, and sister died of cancer. The client wants to know what to do to keep from getting cancer. What would be the nurse's best response?

"You can't prevent cancer, but you can have your blood analyzed for tumor markers to see what your risk level is."

A client is undergoing chemotherapy treatment for prostate cancer and has lost considerable weight due to nausea and vomiting. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the client?

Adjusting the client's meal plan before and after chemotherapy

Which type of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is characterized by cells from a donor other than the patient? Allogeneic Autologous Syngeneic Homogenic

Allogeneic

The nurse is evaluating bloodwork results of a client with cancer who is receiving chemotherapy. The client's platelet count is 60,000/mm3. Which is an appropriate nursing action?

Avoiding the use of products containing aspirin

The patient diagnosed with thrombocytopenia is at risk for which of the following adverse effects:

Bleeding

The nurse is conducting a community education program using the American Cancer Society's colorectal screening and prevention guidelines. The nurse determines that the participants understand the teaching when they identify that people over the age of 50 should have which screening test every 10 years?

Colonoscopy

The nurse is preparing a teaching tool about alopecia caused by cancer treatment. Which information will the nurse emphasize in this tool? Select all that apply. Use a hair dryer to quickly dry the hair. Cut long hair before treatment begins. Use shampoo and conditioner every day. Use a wide-tooth comb to style the hair. Avoid hair dyes or permanent wave solutions.

Cut long hair before treatment begins., Use a wide-tooth comb to style the hair., Avoid hair dyes or permanent wave solutions.

The client is receiving a vesicant antineoplastic for treatment of cancer. Which assessment finding would require the nurse to take immediate action?

Extravasation

What can the nurse do to meet the challenges in caring for a patient with cancer?

Identify own perception of cancer and set realistic goals.

A nurse is teaching a client about the rationale for administering allopurinol with chemotherapy. Which example would be the best teaching by the nurse?

It lowers serum and uric acid levels.

While completing an admission assessment, the client reports a family history of breast cancer among a maternal grandmother, aunt, and sister. The nurse knows that these cancers are mostlikely associated with what etiology?

Inherited gene mutation

Cancer has many characteristics. What is one of the most discouraging characteristics of cancer?

Metastasis

The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of the following in a client who has just undergone a stem cell transplant? Monitor the client's toilet patterns. Monitor the client closely to prevent infection. Monitor the client's physical condition. Monitor the client's heart rate.

Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.

A client newly diagnosed with cancer is scheduled to begin chemotherapy treatment and the nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about potential adverse effects. When addressing the most common adverse effect, what should the nurse describe?

Nausea and vomiting

A nurse is teaching a community class about how to decrease the risk of cancer. Which food should the nurse recommend?

Oranges

The nurse is caring for a client who has just been told that stage IV colon cancer has recurred and metastasized to the liver. The oncologist offers the client the option of surgery to treat the progression of this disease. What type of surgery does the oncologist offer?

Palliative

Which type of surgery is used in an attempt to relieve complications of cancer?

Palliative

A client with a diagnosis of gastric cancer has been unable to tolerate oral food and fluid intake and her tumor location rules out the use of enteral feeding. What intervention will best meet this client's nutritional needs?

Parenteral nutrition given via a peripherally inserted central catheter

A nurse assesses an oncology client with stomatitis during a chemotherapy session. Which nursing intervention would most likely decrease the pain associated with stomatitis?

Provide a solution of viscous lidocaine for use as a mouth rinse.

A client with a brain tumor is undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for treatment of cancer. The client has recently reported swelling in the gums, tongue, and lips. Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?

Stomatitis

The nurse is describing some of the major characteristics of cancer to a client who has recently received a diagnosis of malignant melanoma. When differentiating between benign and malignant cancer cells, the nurse should explain differences in which of the following aspects? Select all that apply.

Rate of growth Ability to cause death Ability to spread

A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding suggests that the client has developed stomatitis?

Red, open sores on the oral mucosa

While a client is receiving intravenous (IV) doxorubicin hydrochloride for the treatment of cancer, the nurse observes swelling and pain at the IV site. The nurse should prioritize which action?

Stopping the administration of the drug immediately

A client calls the oncology office nurse and reports nausea and vomiting one week after receiving chemotherapy. What action should the nurse recommend?

Taking prescribed ondansetron

A nurse is administering daunorubicin (DaunoXome) to a patient with lung cancer. Which situation requires immediate intervention?

The I.V. site is red and swollen

A newly diagnosed cancer client is crying and states the following to the nurse: "I promised God that I will be a better person if I can just get better." What is the appropriate assessment of this comment by the nurse?

The cancer is viewed as a punishment from past actions.

What should the nurse tell a client who is about to begin chemotherapy and is anxious about hair loss?

The client should consider getting a wig or cap prior to beginning treatment

A client with metastatic pancreatic cancer underwent surgery to remove a malignant tumor in the pancreas. Despite the tumor being removed, the physician informs the client that chemotherapy must be started. Why might the physician opt for chemotherapy?

To prevent metastasis

Which of the following would be inconsistent as a common side effect of chemotherapy?

Weight gain

A client received chemotherapy 24 hours ago. Which precautions are necessary when caring for the client?

Wear personal protective equipment when handling blood, body fluids, and feces.

Which of the following is a type of procedure that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze tissue and cause cell destruction?

Which of the following is a type of procedure that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze tissue and cause cell destruction?

To combat the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy, a nurse should administer an:

antiemetic.

The nurse understands that the client should be given human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine per the health care provider's orders. What does this vaccine help prevent?

cervical cancer

The nurse is teaching a client about carcinogens. What carcinogens does the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

dietary substances environmental factors viruses chemical agents defective genes hormone replacement therapy

A nurse caring for a client who has just received chemotherapy infusion is wearing a disposable gown, gloves, and goggles for protection. The nurse knows that accidental exposure to chemotherapy agents can occur through:

inhalation of aerosols

A nurse is caring for a client with prostate cancer and assesses bleeding gums and hematuria. What serum indicator should the nurse relate the bleeding?

platelet count of 60,000/mm3

Palliation refers to

relief of symptoms associated with disease and promotion of comfort and quality of life.

A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with cancer. Which therapies are used to treat cancer? Select all that apply.

surgery hyperthermia radiation therapy chemotherapy

The nurse on a bone marrow transplant unit is caring for a client with cancer who has just begun hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? Fatigue related to altered metabolic processes Altered nutrition: less than body requirements related to anorexia Risk for infection related to altered immunologic response Body image disturbance related to weight loss and anorexia

Risk for infection related to altered immunologic response

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, second only to heart disease. Half of all men and one third of all women will develop cancer during their lifetimes. Which types of cancer have the highest prevalence among both men and women?

lung and colon