The Philippines in the 19th Centuries

Galleon Trade

- 108 galleons were used , and of this number , 30 lost by shipwreck - it made manila the first climate city in southeast asia by the early 17th century - Fray andres de urdaneta who found the route - silk exchanging them for silver from the new world

opening of suez canal

- 1854 , a french company by ferdinand de lesseps - opened 1869 in it is 163 km long - arabic , egyptian and some european societies benefited in this canal with its help over IRRIGATION, TRANSPORTATION AND STRATEGIC MILITARY ADVANTAGES - road for global world

impact of suez canal

- 30 days travel time from philippines to spain - brings prosperity to native indio (illustrados) - importation of books , magazines and newspapers with political thoughts and liberal ideas - encourage more spaniards and europeans with liberal ideas to come to the philippines and interact filipino reformists - creation of middle class - encourage the ilustrados to pursue higher studies abroad

conditions of the PH

- clamor for reforms remaind unheeded - social discontent cause confusion - middle class stepped right into the currents of modern liberalism - foreign contacts influenced the development of a sense of nationhood among the filipinos

Galleon Trade

- cotton , ivory , gold , spices , silk , damask, porcelain - items are stored in ALMACENES REALES

importance of suez canal

- decreases the road between europe and south asia from 16,000 km (cape of good hope) to 10,000 km - europe - for the oil and trade with asia - US - transporting troops and military equipment to afghanistan - egypt - control the suez canal and suez mediterranean oil pipeline ( 3,000 barrels) - it has power in the world economy due to taxes it receives from ships transiting there - it helps reduce unemployment as egypt need labor force to refer the erosion of coastline

disparities

- disparities between regions and occupations became more marked. - domestic textile industry could not compete with foreign imports - 1880 , the "DECADE OF DEATH" because of an imbalance between commercial and subsistence agriculture and arrival of epidemic

political and economic changes

- elimination of monopolies enjoyed by the galleon to acapulco (1815) - 1830 opening of world commerce - opening of suez canal - the rise of middle class - opening of public education

conditions of the PH

- feudalistic social and economic structure - censorship - racial discrimination - intellectual decadence - government processes had no respect for the needs of the people

Advantages

- improvements in communication , finance and infrastructure - the funds of OBRAS FIAS what employed in the past to finance the galleon trade and used to establish the banco- espanol filipino (1851) and monte de piedad (1882) - water system was built in manila

the PH and the world trade

- increase in trade and navigation in asia - there was a "saltatory rise in the level of foreign trade" in the philippines - foreign merchants introduced modern machinery , advanced money on crops - increasing commodity concentration of exports to uk, (sugar, abaca, tobacco, and coffee) china , british east indies - liquid wealth reach filipinos

Manila Galleon 1565- 1815

- were large spanish ship that sailed across pacific between new spain (mexico) and the philippines - they allowed spain to trade with east asia without using portuguese trade routes. They brought the first asian to arrive in north america after columbus.

19th century PH

A dynamic and creative age especially in europe and the united states different concept arise such as: - industrialism , democracy , and nationalism triggered revolutionary changes in: - science, technology , economics and prosperity

Inter Caetera

In 1454, after columbus confirm the existence of the americas, POPE ALEXANDER VI - blank - dividing the americas between portugal and spain, which they interpreted as applying to the whole non-Christian world

Trade partnerd

Japan taiwan fujian province of ming dynasty china macau east timor and spice island (eastern Indonesia)

Magellan, 1521

Magellan discovered the westward route

Manila is the center of commerce in the east

P500k goods- acapulco to manila (120 days) P250k goods- mana to acapulco (90 days)

1595

a galleon shipwrecked near point reyes just north of the san francisco bay, survivors swan to shore

16th century

chinese artifacts in Mexico

17th century

chinese settlement in California

Andres de Urdaneta, 1565

discovered the eastward route (kuroshio current near japan- america near cape mendocino- acapulco)

1587

filipinos landed in california at morro bay near san luis obispo, 33 years before the may flower

10%

from philippine such as gold, pearls and plants

1521

magellan arrived, philippines already trading with other southeast asian neighbors including china

90%

of goods very mexican silver headed for china

Senor Guillermo Gomez Rivera

phil honorary president of asociacion cultural galeon de manila

Juan Salcedo's accoint

rescuing the chinese from a brawl with filipinos in taal , batangas

Nov. 21, 1564

san pedro , san pablo , san lucas and san juan from mexico notice the fantastic trading system

Nick Joaquin 1990

the manila galleon was... The first medium to reduce the world to a village

Galleon Trade

when the spaniards came to the philippines, our ancestors were already trading with china , japan , siam, india , cambodia , borneo and the moluccas - lasted for 2 AND A HALF centuries after the legazpi's settlement in cebu , from 1565 to 1815 - it was the longest shipping line in history existed for roughly 150 years