prepU extras

The nurse is leading a discussion with a group of pregnant women who have diabetes. The nurse should point out which situation can potentially occur during their pregnancy?

Polyhydramnios

A nurse is assessing a client with heart failure. To assess hepatojugular reflux, the nurse should:

Press the right upper abdomen

A couple desires to undergo genetic testing for Huntington disease. The nurse recognizes that this is which type of genetic disorder?

autosomal dominant inherited disorder

The nurse on the antenatal unit is planning care for four clients. The nurse should assess which client first:

a 19-year-old 18 weeks' intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) who is now 12 hours post motor vehicle accident with bright red vaginal bleeding

A client who has developed congestive heart failure must learn to make dietary adaptations. The client should avoid:

canned peas. There is a wide variety of foods that the client can still eat; the key is to have low-salt content. Canned vegetables are usually very high in salt or sodium, unless they have labels such as low-salt or sodium free or salt free. It is important to read food labels and look for foods that contain less than 300 mg sodium/serving.

The purpose of a circulatory shunt, such as the ductus arteriosus, is to:

permit oxygenated blood to supply the most important fetal organs.

A 3-month-old infant just had a cleft lip and palate repair. To prevent trauma to the operative site, the nurse should:

place the infant's arms in soft elbow restraints.

When measuring blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult, the nurse recognizes that the pressures

differ no more than 5 mm Hg between arms.

Some chromosomal abnormalities of number often result because of the failure of the chromosome pair to correctly separate during cell division. One type is referred to as polyploidy. The nurse recognizes that this type usually results in:

early spontaneous abortion.

A nurse is providing genetic counseling to a pregnant client. Which are nursing responsibilities related to counseling the client? Select all that apply.

explaining basic concepts of probability and disorder susceptibility ensuring complete informed consent to facilitate decisions about genetic testing knowing basic genetic terminology and inheritance patterns

The nurse cares for a client in the emergency department who has a B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 115 pg/mL. The nurse recognizes that this finding is most indicative of which condition?

heart failure

A 3-month-old infant with meningococcal meningitis has just been admitted to the pediatric unit. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?

instituting droplet precautions

What does decreased pulse pressure reflect?

low ejection fraction

The nursing instructor is preparing an illustration which will point out the various functions of the placenta during the pregnancy. Which hormones should the instructor point out are secreted by the placenta during the pregnancy? Select all that apply.

progesterone estrogen human chorionic gonadotropin

A client with a recent history of atrial fibrillation has been prescribed warfarin. When confirming whether the prescribed dose is safe and appropriate for the client, the nurse should

review the client's international normalized ratio (INR). Warfarin doses are adjusted on the basis of the client's INR. Blood levels are not taken for the drug, and the client's heart rate is not the indicator of efficacy or safety.

When administering an IM injection to a neonate, which muscle should the nurse consider as the best injection site?

vastus lateralis

A nurse is caring for a 65-year-old client with mitral valve prolapse. Although the client is newly diagnosed, the physician indicates that she has probably had this condition for years. A nursing student asks the nurse why it took the client so long to seek medical attention. The most likely response by the nurse is which of the following?

"The client probably had no symptoms." Most people with mitral valve prolapse (which occurs more often in women) never have symptoms. Frequently, the first and only sign is identified during a routine physical assessment, when the examiner hears an extra heart sound on auscultation. None of the other choices was mentioned in the question stem.

A pregnant woman determined to be at high risk for gestational diabetes is undergoing a 1-hour glucose challenge test. The nurse schedules the client for a 3-hour glucose tolerance test based on which result?

146 mg/dL

A client with heart failure is having a decrease in cardiac output. What indication does the nurse have that this is occurring?

Blood pressure 80/46 mm Hg The body can compensate for changes in heart function that occur over time. When cardiac output falls, the body uses certain compensatory mechanisms designed to increase stroke volume and maintain blood pressure. These compensatory mechanisms can temporarily improve the client's cardiac output but ultimately fail when contractility is further compromised. A heart rate of 72 beats/minuteis within normal range as well as the blood pressure and oxygen saturation.

A mother is discontinuing breast-feeding after 3-1/2 months. The mother is seeking education on what to feed her baby now that she is no longer breast-feeding. The nurse teaches the mother about infant feeding and suggests the following

Iron-fortified formula alone

Which of the following in one of the most common causes of mitral valve regurgitation in developed countries?

Ischaemia of the left ventricle The most common cause of mitral valve regurgitation in developed countries is degenerative changes in the mitral valve and ischaemia of the left ventricle. Other conditions leading to mitral regurgitation include myxomatous changes, which enlarge and stretch the left atrium and ventricle, causing leaflets and chordate tendineae to stretch or rupture and ischaemic heart disease. Rheumatic fever is the most common cause in developing countries.

Which feature is the hallmark of systolic heart failure?

Low ejection fraction (EF) A low EF is a hallmark of systolic heart failure (HF); the severity of HF is frequently classified according to the client's symptoms.

A young woman who is pregnant for the first time goes to the clinic for her first prenatal visit. During the interview, she informs the primary are provider that there is no history of genetic defects in her or her husband's family. What test will most likely be prescribed for this client as a routine screening?

MSAFP

A client with heart failure reports a sudden change in the ability to perceive colors. The client reports nausea, and assessment reveals an irregular pulse of 39 beats per minute. What is the nurse's best action?

Report the possibility of digitalis toxicity to the care provider promptly This client's presentation is characteristic of digitalis toxicity, which must be promptly reported. This constellation of symptoms is less likely to result from furosemide. Close monitoring is necessary; vital signs every 30 minutes is insufficient. Referrals are not the most time-dependent priority.

A nurse is discussing with students how to accurately measure blood pressures. Which of the following information is the nurse certain to emphasize?

Routinely calibrate the sphygmomanometer.