Principles of Management Ch 12 Quiz

What are maintenance factors?

. Those aspects of a job that relate to the work setting, including adequate wages, comfortable working conditions, fair company policies, and job security

Which of the following characteristics relates to a compressed work week?

A four-day (or shorter) period in which an employee works 40 hours

What is meant by behavior modification?

An application of reinforcement theory, which involves change in behavior and encouraging appropriate actions by relating the consequences of behavior to the behavior itself

Which of the following characteristics relates to motivation?

An inner drive that directs behavior toward goals

What term describes a group of theories that assume that workers are motivated by the desire to satisfy needs and that seek to identify what their needs are?

Content theories

What term describes a theory stating that the extent to which people are willing to contribute to an organization depends on their assessment of the fairness of the rewards they will receive in exchange?

Equity theory

What name is given to the theory that states that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it?

Expectancy theory

Which of the following refers to a working arrangement whereby two employees do one job?

Job sharing

Which of the following refers to a set of theories that try to determine "how" and "why" employees are motivated to perform?

Process theories

What term describes the act of weakening or eliminating an undesired behavior by providing negative consequences?

Punishment

What name is given to a process theory that assumes that behavior may be reinforced by relating it to its consequences?

Reinforcement theory

What is the theory that states that employees learn not only through direct experience but also through observation and personal qualities?

Social learning theory

Which of the following characteristics relates to positive reinforcement?

The act of strengthening a desired behavior by rewarding it or providing other positive outcomes

Which of the following characteristics relates to motivational factors?

Those aspects of a job that relate to the content of the work, including achievement, recognition, the work itself, involvement, responsibility, and advancement

Poor morale is most likely to cause

absenteeism.

It is interesting that in certain industries, such as the hotel industry, service personnel

actually dislike increased empowerment.

Frederick Taylor

analyzed jobs to improve efficiency.

The examination of input-output ratios, employee contributions, and the perception of fairness is most associated with

equity theory.

In expectancy theory, if a person believes that extra effort will lead to high performance, such as a bonus or commission, we are talking about the person's

expectancy.

To achieve organizational objectives, employees must have the ability, tools, and _____ to perform their jobs.

motivation

The motivational theories that try to determine "how" and "why" employees are motivated to perform are called

process theories.

An employee's confidence that he or she can perform a task or behavior successfully is called

self-efficacy.

In applying reinforcement theory, one of the problems in punishing unacceptable behavior is that punishment may produce

undesirable long-term side effects.