Process Technology Equipment Chapter 9 Test, Process Technology Equipment Chapter 10 Test, Process Technology Equipment Chapter 11and 12 Test, Process Technology Equipment Chapter 13 Test, Process Technology Equipment Chapter 14 Test, Process Technol...
rotational speed, total volume of the cavity
In a PC pump, what determines the pump flow rate?
False
T of F Compressors should not be used for compressing hydrocarbons because of safety concerns.
False
T or F 1/32" of extra metal is added in equipment where severe corrosion is anticipated.
False
T or F A sentinel valve is an over speed trip valve.
True
T or F Centrifugal pumps are classified as dynamic pumps.
False
T or F Gas turbines are considered too bulky to be used on aircraft.
False
T or F Latent heat energy can be measured with heat measuring sensors.
False
T or F MOV refers to a hydraulically operated valve.
True
T or F Plate and frame heat exchangers have a high heat transfer coefficient and their gaskets are easy to replace.
True
T or F The greatest amount of heat transfer takes place when a substance is in the process of changing state.
efficiency curve
The best operating condition for a pump can be found on a (an):
T or F For any mixture of liquids under a constant constraining pressure, there is a specific boiling point corresponding to its liquid composition.
True
T or F Heat, fuel and oxygen engaged in a chain reaction denotes the fire triangle.
True
T or F Loop isolation refers to being able to supply fire water around damaged piping and leaks.
True
T or F Radiant heat transfer accounts for 60% to 70% total heat energy pickup, convection accounts for 30% to 40%
True
T or F Raw water and fire water come from the same supply.
True
T or F Reactors are vessels in which a controlled chemical reaction takes place.
True
T or F Reboilers are heat exchangers that transfer enough energy to bring the liquid at the bottom of the column to a boiling point.
True
T or F Steam injected into the released vapors from the flare help to minimize the amount of visible smoke during a release.
True
210,000 gallons
A 5000 barrel tank can safely store how many gallons of liquid?
T or F All raw water pumps in a system are instrumented to start automatically when utility water pressure declines below 110 PSIG.
False
Electric motors and steam turbines
The most popular devices used as drivers for rotary equipment are:
piston
The most popular type of reciprocating compressor is the:
centrifugal
The most widely used pumps in the industry are:
axial pump
forces fluid movement along a straight line
cavitation
formation and collapse of gas pockets around the impeller of a running pump
accumulation
pressure difference between initial lift pressure and the full lift pressure on a relief valve.
pulsation dampener
prevents overloading or underloading compressor
Which of the following is not one of the 6 types of tubes found in a water tube boiler?
process tubes
safety valves
Which valve has the large exhaust port?
relief valves
Which valve is designed to relieve pressurized liquid services?
ball and plug
Which valves have multiple ports and can be switched to another fluid source without stopping?
powerful spring
With a pneumatically controlled actuator, the positon of the valve (either opened or closed) in the absence of instrument air (IA) is maintained by a (an):
Types of column internals include:
a and b only
In a fire tube boiler, the water level is maintained
above the tubes
diaphragm pump
can be used with low or negative suction head
red
color of a spiral nickel gasket.
poppet
compressor valve for controlling intake or exhaust.
False
T or F Sight glass valves are used on sight glasses because of their accuracy.
False
T or F Slow rolling speed is considered to be 100 - 200 RPM.
3300 psi
The delta pressure across a 3500 psi input steam turbine is ____ if the exit pressure is 200 psi.
half moon
The fixed blades in a steam turbine form a:
Three components in a mixture are referred to as a:
ternary mixture
What is the temperature at each tray of a properly operating distillation column?
the boiling point of the mixture on the tray which is based on its composition
trim
the flow control element and seats in a valve.
boiler
upper and lower drum connected by tubes
The most common type of commercial boiler is the
water tube boiler
LP steam is:
50-60 PSIG/can be supplied from the exhaust
minimum flow system
A system that ensures ample flow through a pump when a control valve stops the flow is called a (an):
pneumatic, electric, hydraulic
Actuators for automatic valves come in three basic designs:
datum plate
a reference point in the bottom of a tank used to measure liquid level.
Which of the following is not a type of furnace draft?
circular
TEMA
classifies heat exchangers by a variety of design specifications
Neutralizing negative charges of suspended solids, allowing them to clump together and settle out is referred to as:
coagulation
Which of the following is not type of Bourdon tube?
diaphragm type
Boiler water circulation operates under the principle of
differential density
What are two kinds of boilers?
fire tube/water tube
Refractory brick is classified as
firebrick or insulating brick
weir
fixes the liquid level in the reboiler
classified as periodic or sustained
flame impingement
energy from changing state
latent energy
contain steam and water
risers
T or F The fire box section forces hot gasses into the economizer section.
true
4-way valve
used on air dryers
reactor
uses a catalyst
Which statement is NOT accurate?
weather conditions have very little effect on the operation of the tower
Heat exchangers
"Shell and Tube" is in reference to:
impingement baffle
A baffle that is designed to deflect high velocity fluids such as steam inside a heat exchanger is a (an):
throttling service, on-off service, cooling tower water service (all of the above)
A butterfly valve can be used for:
air fail closed (AFC) - air to open
A control valve that closes in the absence of instrument air is referred to as:
is a cyclone type device used to remove liquid droplets from gas
A demister:
jacketed pipe
A double pipe arrangement where fluid is conveyed through the inner pipe and heating medium is conveyed through the outer pipe describes a:
thermal shock
A form of stress resulting in metal fatigue when large temperature differences exist between a piece of equipment and the fluid in it is referred to as:
1,190.7 psia
A four stage compressor with a 3.0 compression ratio would have a final output pressure of:
separate at the roof welds on over-pressure to contain its contents.
A frangible roof atmospheric tank is designed to:
liquid surface
A gauge bob drops to what point when measuring the OUTAGE of a tank?
double pipe
A hairpin heat exchanger is an example of a:
produces more evaporation then
A large water surface area contacting air _______ a small area surface.
static film
A layer of fluid that tends to adhere to the walls of heat exchanger is referred to as:
A visual check of operating equipment and systems
A log sheet is in reference to:
temperature sensitive electronics
A typical governing system is divided into all of the following parts EXCEPT:
governor valve
An automatic valve that regulates the amount of steam admitted into a turbine is called the:
spacer
An external gear pump includes all of the following components EXCEPT:
100%
Compressed gases will resume _____ original volume when released.
compress gases
Compressor are primarily designed to:
pump family
Compressor operation and design is closely related to the:
Gases
Compressors are designed to accelerate or compress:
relative humidity, ambient temperature, wind velocity, tower design
Cooling tower efficiency is affected by which of the following:
blowdown
Cycle of Concentration is in reference to:
a computer based system that controls and monitors process variables
DCS distributive control system
air-to-open, hydraulic
Electrical actuators come in all of the following designs EXCEPT:
Heat Exchangers
Equipment used for transferring heat energy from one fluid to another is called:
dissolved gasses, scale formation, high or low ph
Examples of water cooling system problems are:
All of the above (refineries, petrochemical plants, food processing plants)
Examples of what makes up the chemical processing industry are:
Evaporation
Excess heat energy from plant operations is removed from the plant via cooling towers using a process of:
T or F After refrigerant is compressed, it passes through a condenser and absorbs heat energy from the surrounding atmosphere.
False
T or F Because the distillation process is based on the repeated vaporization and condensation of the materials, temperature is NOT necessarily a critical variable.
False
T or F Castable refers to expendable parts that can be cast away.
False
T or F Deluge systems are part of the BFW system.
False
T or F Endothermic reactions generate heat during reaction.
False
T or F Feed composition relates to the process charge composition
False
T or F Fire water pipes are installed above ground for ease of maintenance and repair in the event of fire damage and leaks.
False
T or F First backup pump starts at 110 PSIG, second diesel-driven pump starts at 100 PSIG and the third diesel-driven pump starts when the system pressure drops below 80 PSIG.
False
T or F Flame front generators are used to burn waste gas vapors.
False
T or F Flameout is usually the result of too much air through the registers
False
T or F Flow meters, such as orifice plate meters and venturi meters, use differential temperature to measure flow rate.
False
T or F Furnace feed control valves should fail in the closed position
False
T or F Furnace pressures usually run above atmospheric pressure in the range of 4 to 6 in H2O.
False
T or F Furnaces are routinely shut down and re-started as the need arises
False
T or F Hearing protection is optional when working near a compressor that has a silencer.
False
T or F If an "air to open" valve loses instrument air it will fail in the open position.
False
T or F In a boiler start up, lighting the burners is an acceptable way of checking for flammables.
False
T or F In a hot relief flare system, the knock-out drum is made of stainless steel.
False
T or F In direct fired furnaces, combustion gases fill furnace tubes.
False
T or F In the evaporator of an AC system, boiling refrigerant gives off heat.
False
T or F Insulating brick has a higher temperature range than firebrick
False
T or F Natural gas is generally used as primary fuel for furnaces and boilers.
False
T or F Natural rainwater that falls within the curbed areas is allowed to leave the plant unchecked.
False
T or F On flameout, keep the furnace running as long as possible.
False
T or F PFDs provide detailed information in regards to piping specifications and instrumentation.
False
T or F Pressure and temperature are directly correlated in the super-heated loop.
False
T or F Secondary air refers to air that enters through the peepholes
False
T or F Solenoid valves are often used for throttling service.
False
T or F The ability to separate hydrocarbons in a distillation column exists due to the components having their own density differences.
False
T or F The lower mud drum has mechanical separators to assist in the separation of water from steam.
False
T or F The more volatile component would be referred to as the higher boiling point component.
False
T or F The pressure profile (gradient) is the range of pressures from the bottom - lowest pressure, to the top - highest pressure, and all those in-between.
False
T or F The purpose of the knock-out drum is to prevent backward propagating flame from entering equipment connected to the main header.
False
T or F The radiant section of a cabin furnace is designed to allow direct contact with the flame.
False
T or F There are three types of protection afforded to motors that operate in the plant.
False
T or F Thermoelectric temperature measuring devices come in six types.
False
T or F Utility hoses used for steam, water and nitrogen are interchangeable for economic purposes.
False
The UPS system keeps all electrical equipment operating during a power failure.
False
temperature induced density differences inside and outside the stack
The natural draft cooling tower depends on ______ to move air through it.
solid split, solid wedge, parallel disc
Gate valve flow control elements come in three basic designs:
High boilers are the heavies.
True
accumulation
In a PRV, the difference between initial lift off pressure and the pressure of the fully open position is referred to as:
blowdown
In a PSV, the difference between the lift off pressure and the pressure at which the valve seat is closed is referred to as:
pushed
In a centrifugal pump, liquid is _______ into the suction eye.
V and L
In a reciprocating piston compressor, what are two types of compressor layouts?
fully extended and the largest air pocket is formed
In a sliding-vane compressor the gas inlet port is positioned so gas flows into the vanes when they are:
impulse movement
In a steam turbine, the rotation of the blades in response to the steam pushing on the blades is called:
hazardous gases, toxic gases, hot gases and vapors
Liquid-ring compressors are primarily used for:
centrifugal and axial
List the two general types of dynamic compressors
2
Motors have how many classifications?
pipelines
Pigs are in reference to:
Rotary and stationary
Plant equipment is classified as:
Hot condensate piping
Plug valves are extensively used in the following services EXCEPT:
Distillation system
Reflux is reference to a:
affinity laws
Relationships among a pumps speed, capacity, head and power are referred to as:
opposite alignment of impellers, use of a balance device
Shaft thrust can be minimized in a multi-stage centrifugal pump by:
downcomer
Shell-and-tube nomenclature includes all of the following EXCEPT:
% of fluid that leaks by the internal clearances over a given time/difference between how much liquid a pump can move versus how much it actually does
Slip is defined as:
1000°F
Steam can enter a turbine at temperatures in excess of:
3500 psi
Steam entry pressures into a steam turbine can reach:
Boilers
Steam used for equipment operation is produced by:
False
T or F Hairpin heat exchangers are typically as cost effective as most shell-and-tube heat exchangers.
False
T or F In a counter flow cooling tower, air flow is perpendicular to the water flow.
True
T or F In a floating head, multi-pass, shell-and-tube heat exchanger, one side of the tube bundle is fixed to the channel head, the other side is unsecured.
True
T or F In a gas turbine, part of the power generated by the turbine is used to run the compressor.
True
T or F In a refrigeration system, heat is transferred from high temperature areas to low temperature areas.
False
T or F In a steam turbine high velocity steam flows through the nozzle and is directed against a set of fixed blades.
True
T or F In a steam turbine, high-pressure steam kinetic energy is converted to mechanical energy.
False
T or F Initial current flow through an electric motor on start up is minimal.
True
T or F Instrument Air (IA) is the same as plant utility air (UA) except that it goes through a drying process in order to protect air operated instruments.
False
T or F Laminar flow transfers heat more effectively than turbulent flow inside a heat exchanger.
True
T or F Lobe compressor can be used in wet and dry gas service.
True
T or F Lobe compressors can be utilized as vacuum pumps.
True
T or F Long term throttling of ball valves exposes the ball and seats to erosion. The valve will no longer seal and process material can get into the packing.
True
T or F Make up water is service water.
True
T or F On a fin fan (air-cooled) exchanger, the induced draft arrangement has its fan mounted above the finned tubes and directs air upward.
False
T or F PD pumps can be operated with their discharge valves closed for short periods of time.
False
T or F PSVs (safety valves) open slowly to prevent shock to equipment.
False
T or F Packing glands on valves need to be very tight to prevent leaks from the stem.
False
T or F Plate-and-flame heat exchangers tend to foul easily.
True
T or F Properly bolted flanges have at least 2 threads showing past both nuts.
False
T or F Psychometry is the study of how cooling tower water affects people.
False
T or F Pumps are designed to transfer all fluids from one location to another.
True
T or F Rotation in an AC motor is caused by a rotating magnetic field in the stator interacting with a second magnetic field in the rotor.
True
T or F Seals are in reference to leak protection in rotary equipment.
False
T or F Shaft seals are located at the ends of each casing to minimize outward leakage of steam under pressure and enhance inward air flow.
False
T or F Stainless steel has the advantages of minimal stress-corrosion cracking properties and a low coefficient of expansion.
False
T or F Start up procedures are the same for all unit pumps.
False
T or F Start up procedures for a dynamic and positive displacement compressor are exactly the same.
True
T or F The amount of steam energy needed to perform useful work depends upon the pressure range through which the steam expands within the turbine.
True
T or F The dissolved minerals found in water treated with sulfuric acid is referred to as TDS.
True
T or F The lube oil system in a steam turbine lubricates bearings and gears, cools lubricated parts and acts as a hydraulic medium for the governor.
True
T or F The purpose of a volute is to convert velocity to pressure.
False
T or F The rotor in an AC motor has no electrical connections to it because there is no electric current in it.
False
T or F The vapor pressure of propane is the same at the North Pole as it is in Houston.
False
T or F Thicker plate steel conducts heat faster than thinner plate steel.
True
T or F Turbulent flow allows molecules of fluid to mix and absorb heat energy better than laminar flow.
False
T or F Valves are used only in liquid service:
True
T or F Vapor pressure of a liquid is related to its tendency to vaporize or boil.
False
T or F Volutes are part of the suction system of a pump.
False
T or F Water in a hydrocarbon tank can be visually observed through the gauge hatch.
PSV (pressure safety valve)
The last line of defense for any vessel is a:
Gate, globe, ball
The three most common valves used in the processing industry are:
positive displacement and dynamic
The two general classifications of pumps are:
rotary screw
The type of compressor that uses two helical rotors that rotate toward each other to compress gases is the:
T or F A cold flare system would be used for the release of vapors such as propylene.
True
T or F A permissive is a special type of interlock that controls a set of conditions that must be satisfied before a piece of equipment can be started.
True
T or F As vapor passes through liquid on the tray, it partially condenses. When something condenses, it gives off heat. Therefore, the vapor becomes cooler and the liquid becomes hotter
True
T or F At some plants, the plant instrument air system is protected against pressure failure by a tie-in to the nitrogen (N2) system.
True
T or F Columns are classified by the nature of the feed that they are processing and the number of product streams they have.
True
T or F Fahrenheit operates by using 32°F as freezing and 212°F as boiling. Celsius uses 0°C for freezing and 100°C for boiling.
True
T or F Feed pump failure causes immediate overheating.
True
T or F Fire water pumps are instrumented to start automatically on pressure declines below 110 PSIG.
True
T or F Indirect instrumentation uses pressure changes that respond proportionately to level changes.
True
T or F Level measurements use fixed reference points, typically vessel taps, on which to base level measurements.
True
T or F P&ID legends provide information regarding piping, instruments, equipment symbols and revision numbers.
True
T or F Pressure in a steam generator is maintained by adding makeup water and continuously applying heat.
True
T or F Steam distribution systems generally divide steam into 4 pressures.
True
T or F Steam protects the burner tips from the flame and provides for smokeless operation.
True
T or F Temperatures are typically lower in the economizer section.
True
T or F The arch is a preheating section for compressed air near the stack.
True
T or F The cylindrical furnace enhances draft from the lower radiant section
True
T or F The flare tip pilot burners should always be burning.
True
T or F The liquid in the bottom of the distillation column is the heat transport medium for the reboiler. Without it, the reboiler will not function and no heat is carried into the column and there is no vapor flow up the column.
True
T or F The reboiler circulation is due to density change that occurs when the process material is heated and some of it vaporizes. The material flows up through the reboiler tubes and into the column. More liquid is "pulled" in from the column to replace the material flowing out of the top of the reboiler
True
T or F The rectifying section of a distillation column is located above the feed tray.
True
T or F The temperature at which ethanol and water begin to boil (about 176°F) is called the bubble point, because it is the temperature at which the first bubble forms.
True
coupling
What connects the driver to the pump?
the temperature of the propylene
What determines the pressure in a high pressure propylene bullet?
thickness of pipe wall
What does a piping schedule number designate?
ASME
What engineering organization governs above ground storage vessels with greater than 15 psig?
flat faced
What flange type requires a gasket to be placed across the entire flange surface?
raised face
What flange type requires a gasket to be placed between the bolts?
maintenance on tower while in use/adjust the temperature of the cooling water
What is (are) the advantage(s) of a multi-cell cooling tower?
coupling
What is a device used to connect the drive shaft of a motor or steam turbine to a pump or compressor?
a place to safely store liquids or gases, collection of tanks designed to safely store and transport raw materials and products, underground salt domes (all of the above)
What is a tank farm?
parallel flow
What is a term used to describe flow in a heat exchanger where tube-side flow and shell-side flow go in the same directions?
multi-pass, u-tube, and floating-head
What is a type of heat exchanger that channels the tube-side flow across the tube bundle more than once?
kettle
What is a type of heat exchanger that uses a tubular bundle to heat and flash a liquid in an over-sized shell with a specially designed vapor space cavity?
Material Safety Data Sheet
What is an MSDS?
solenoid valves
Which valves have electrically operated actuators in on/off service and are typically found on instrument air automatic control valves?
high resistance to water containing various impurities
Why are brass tubes used instead of carbon steel in many heat exchangers that use water as the cooling medium?
vapor lock
a condition where a pump loses prime and the impeller rotates in a vapor
dike
a containment wall or ditch around a tank to prevent product loss.
Pascal's Law states:
a fluid at rest in a closed container, a pressure change in one part is transmitted without loss to every portion of the fluid and to the container
channel lock
basic hand tool
Boyle's Law states:
at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas varies inversely with its volume. The higher the gas pressure, the closer the gas molecules are and the smaller the volume they occupy
With respect to physical properties of water, which of the following statements is not accurate:
at lower temperatures, the dissolving nature of water is enhanced - amounts of dissolved solids may be increased
allows a control loop to utilize all five elements and work to match the set point
automatic control
In which of the following are raw materials carefully weighed and added to a reactor.
batch operation
Which of the following in NOT part of a basic control loop?
bellows
a corrugated metal tube that contracts and expands in response to pressure changes
bellows pressure element
Which of the following does not belong in the list?
bonnet
a hooked shaped, thin walled tube that expands and contracts in response to pressure changes and is attached to a mechanical linkage that moves a pointer
bourdon tube
What is used to separate the various sections of the firebox?
bridgewall
step 5
bring up to operating speed and check all systems.
step 3
check constant level oiler, cooling system, seal system
green
color of a spiral wound AISI 316 gasket.
blue
color of a spiral wound AISI 347 gasket.
distillation tower
comes in plate or packed
Which of the following adds raw materials incrementally to the reactor where finished products flow out while raw materials flow in and are exposed to catalysts, pressure, liquids, or heat?
continuous reactor operation
an instrument used to compare a process variable with a set point and initiate a change to return the process to a set point if a variance exists
controller
What is the single most important variable affecting efficiency of furnace operation?
controlling excess oxygen (ensuring proper air concentration)
Which of the following are the primary means of heat transfer in furnaces?
convection and radiant
Which of the following processes does not use furnaces?
decanting
When refrigerant passes from a high pressure to a low pressure, its temperature:
decrease
globe valve
designed for throttling service
cryogenic tank
designed to store liquids below -100^F.
Actuator
device that controls the position of the flow element by adjusting the position of the valve stem.
blind
device used in piping for complete shutoff
Instrument air (IA) dryness is measured by:
dew point
The reactor bed in a hydrocracker is:
filled with a fixed bed of catalyst
In what type reactor does the fixed medium remain in place as raw materials pass over it?
fixed-bed reactor
What uses a multi-stage reactor system to boost yields of gasoline from crude oil?
hydrocracking
Which of the following is a reactor filled with a catalyst designed to break large molecules into smaller ones through chemical reactions that remove hydrogen atoms?
hydrocracking
What sweetens products by removing sulfur?
hydrodesulphurization
a device that prevents damage to equipment and personnel by stopping or preventing the start of certain equipment if a preset condition has been met
interlock
Referring to p. 245, figure 10.11 in the textbook, which of the following is not accurate?
oxygen is analyzed inside the burners to ensure proper combustion
Which of the following is not a type of manometer?
p trap
Sulzer, Rasching Ring, Cross Partition, Metal Pall and Berl Saddle are all in reference to:
packing
a special kind of interlock that controls a set of conditions that must be satisfied before a piece of equipment can be started
permissive
Which of the following is used for drinking water?
potable water
uses energy passing out the stack
preheated air
condensate
produced when steam, hot gasses or vapors condense
Propane boils at -44°F and butane boils at 31°F. Which has the higher vapor pressure
propane
specific gravity
ratio of density of a liquid to the density of water
Complete combustion occurs when
reactants are ignited in the correct proportion/all the fuel is converted into water and carbon dioxide
split range pressure control
used for maintaining correct pressure in a pressurized tank.
intercooler
used for moisture removal in compressed air applications
slow roll
used for turbines on standby needed for quick startup
exhaust valve
used to block steam turbine outlet steam.
flange
used to connect piping, valves and equipment to one another.
reciprocating pump
used to transfer small volumes of liquids at relatively high pressures
traced piping
used when conveyed fluid needs to be kept within a certain temperature range.
gas blanketed
used where vapor space can be in the explosive range if air were allowed to enter.
forced circulation reboiler
uses a pump for circulation
hydraulic turbine
uses high pressure liquids to turn a turbine wheel attached to a pump generator
conservation vent
uses two weighted discs to regulate pressure during operation.
pressure below zero gauge; often expressed in inches of mercury
vacuum pressure
What is the main goal of the internals of a distillation column?
vapor liquid contact
step 1
visually inspect for damage, lube oil level, covers in place
Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects a reaction process?
relative humidity
Which of the following is not a factor that affects boiler operation?
relative humidity
When propylene is compressed and is in a liquid state at room temperature, what must be done to it to make it boil?
release the pressure under which it is stored
thermosyphon
relies on differential density of process material
Steam traps do which of the following?
remove air and dirt from the system, release condensate, permit flow in only one direction
discharge head
resistance or pressure on the outlet side of a pump
nozzle
restricts flow and converts pressure into velocity
As long as steam and water are in contact with each other, the steam is referred to as
saturated
energy that can be measured with devices
sensible energy
Which of the following is not a heat transfer method found in boilers?
separation
Plant utility air has water removed via:
separator drums (knock out drums)
When a controller receives a signal from a transmitter, that signal is compared to which of the following?
set point
desired value of a process variable.
set point
Class R
severe service operation
stem
shaft attached to a handwheel and flow control element of a valve.
As hot combustion gases leave the firebox, a series of tubes called the ______ is (are) encountered.
shockbank
Coke buildup can be cleaned by
shutting down the furnace and injecting superheated steam
a level measuring device consisting of a transparent tube and gauge attached to a vessel that allows an operator to see the corresponding liquid level
sight glass gauge
3/4"
size bolt needed for a 150# 8" flange
7/8"
size bolt needed for a 300# 8" flange
fuel air mixture ratio incorrect
smoking stack
quick burst of nitrogen
soot blowers
bulls eye
special glass window to observe condition of oil
At every tray, which of the following is NOT required:
stable relative humidity
Which of the following is not a type of burner?
stackable
contains the water steam interface
steam drum
Referring to p. 245, figure 10.10 in the text book, which of the following is not accurate.
the charge is preheated before entering the radiant section
a temperature measuring device composed of dissimilar metals that are connected at one end; heat applied to the connected ends causes the generation of voltage that corresponds to the temperature change, which is indicated on a temperature scale
thermocouple
steam trap
thermostatic
a chamber installed in a vessel or piping to hold thermocouples and RTDs
thermowell
a device used to convert one form of energy onto another; typically electric to pneumatic
transducer
a device used to sense a process variable such as pressure, level, temperature, composition or flow and produce a signal that is sent to a controller, recorder or indicator
transmitter
T or F A change in feed composition would cause a change in bottoms and overheads flow rates.
true
T or F Compounds of various boiling points drawn off at various trays are referred to as side stream outlets.
true
T or F In a balanced reaction, the sum of the reactants equals the sum of the products produced
true
T or F Plant air (utility air) and instrument air (IA) differ in dew point.
true
parallel or double disc gate element
two separate discs mounted to a shaft, sometimes spring loaded, describes a:
on level control
steam generating drum
diaphragm
Weir and non-weir describes which valve?
return water distribution
Wet deck refers to:
stem vibration
All of the following are examples of turbine vibration EXCEPT:
aluminum
What alloy has good resistance to corrosion from sulfur compounds?
baffles
What are partitions located inside a shell-and-tube heat exchanger designed to increase turbulent flow and reduce hotspots?
thermal shock
What are sudden temperature changes called that results in the rapid expansion or contraction of metal and can lead to metal fatigue?
splash and film
What are the two types of fill?
Which of the following is not considered a boiler problem?
steam load
on pressure control
steam load
What devices are used to remove condensate from steam?
steam traps
Which of the following reactors is surrounded by a heated jacket?
stirred
Autoclave refers to what type of reactor?
stirred tank
rotary pump
4 main types used to move more viscous types of fluids
impellers
Multistage centrifugal pumps include two or more:
quarter turn
Ball valves can be fully opened or closed with a:
True
T or F Dynamic compressors can deliver much higher flow rates than PD compressors.
False
T or F Fluid flow control refers to liquids only.
False
T or F Gases and vapors are non-compressible.
True
T or F Gate, disc and needle are examples of a valve flow control element.
True
T or F Hairpin heat exchangers are relatively easy to clean and install.
shroud
The impellers in centrifugal pumps come in all of the following designs EXCEPT:
a fan at the top
The induced-draft cooling tower has:
suction pressure drops below NPSH
Cavitation occurs when:
Couplings
Rigid and flexible are in reference to:
circular
Which of the following is NOT a tube layout?
slop tank
an off spec tank used to store product not suitable for its intended use.
progressive cavity
Centrifugal pumps come in all the following designs and applications EXCEPT:
Furnaces
What is used for heating large volumes of raw material?
2.31 feet head
1 psi
If an electronic transmitter output range is 4 ma = 0% and 20 ma = 100%, what is the ma reading when the output is at 50% output?
12 ma
50 PSIG saturated steam operates at a temperature of:
297.7°F
Using the Liquid Composition - Boiling Points Chart in the class Power Point presentation, in a distillation column operating at 25 psig, what is the temperature on the tray containing a 25% BZ / 75% EB composition?
300°F
If a pneumatic transmitter output is 3 psig = 0% and 15 psig = 100%, what is the psig reading when the output is at 50%?
9 psig
25,500
A 23,000 horse power axial compressor produces as efficiently as a comparable ______ horse power centrifugal compressor.
a safety valve designed to prevent over pressuring
A pressure relief valve is an example of:
heat soaking
A procedure designed to remove condensate from a steam turbine, warm the internal parts and slow roll the turbine by bringing up the speed slowly is called
increasing fluid velocity/lowering the temperature/adding inhibitors
A process technician can reduce fouling in a heat exchanger by:
lobe
A pump can run empty without being damaged is a:
over speed trip
A safety device used to shutdown a turbine when it exceeds rotational limits is called a (an):
labyrinth seal
A shaft seal designed to stop flow, consisting of a series of ridges and intricate paths is a:
counter flow
A term used to describe flow in a heat exchanger where tube-side flow and shell-side flow go in opposite directions is:
In plant waste streams, that which separates the oil phase from the water phase is referred to as a (an):
API separator
Distillation columns
After new materials are created, separation of various components by their boiling points is accomplished in:
Plant utility systems generally include which of the following? steam generation and boiler operations, compressed air systems including plant air and instrument air, natural gas and nitrogen, distribution water treatment
All of the above
The term pressure usually is applied to a fluid and is measured in:
All of these
temperature difference between water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature
Approach refers to which of the following:
1000
As the steam zig zags between the stationary and moving blades it begins to expand as much as ____ times its original volume.
coupling
Attaches the driveshaft of a driver to the shaft of a driven piece of equipment.
Radial
Bearings designed to prevent up and down movement are referred to as:
compressing the gases in a cylinder and releasing/accelerating the gas and converting the velocity energy to pressure
Centrifugal compressors operate by:
Valves
Chain operators are used on:
air-to-open, air-to-close, double-acting
Common terms for air supply to pneumatic actuators.
Pipe fittings
Elbows are in reference to:
magnetic attraction and repulsion/current flow direction through a conductor
Electric motor operation is based on which of the following:
Are used to prevent fire from reaching the contents of the tank.
Flame arrestors
temperature and pressure
Flanges and bolts are sized to _______ & _______.
trapped between teeth and swept around the outside casing/swept counter-clockwise and clockwise around the outer casing
Fluid movement through an external gear pump most closely reflects which statements?
Globe valve
For a process loop that requires throttling with a manual block valve, which valve is preferred?
suspended solids flowing through the cooling tower
Fouling in a heat exchanger is generally caused by:
type of fluid being handled/amount of suspended solids/velocity of fluid stream
Fouling resistance is determined by which of the following?
Class B
General purpose operation
1629 AD
Giovanni di Branca designed the first impulse steam turbine in:
parallel disc
Globe valves utilize all of the following flow control element designs except:
Hot to cold
Heat transfer is always from:
downward
If a lobe compressor is used for wet gas service, the rotation is recommended:
fouling
Internal buildup on the surface area of a heat exchanger that results in a restriction is referred to as:
close clearances between the casing and impellers/two kidney bean shaped impellers/use of timing gears
Lobe compressors are characterized by the:
All motors used for driving motorized equipment and pumps have their power originating from the:
MCC
add water to the system that is lost due to evaporation/reduce the concentration of solids in the water
Makeup water is used to:
bridgewall markings
Manufacturer informataion marked on the valve body includes the letters W, O and G to identify specific information about the valve. These are called:
butterfly
Mark and lock is used on what kind of valve?
Viscosity
Measure of fluids resistance to flow.
increases, conical
Modern turbine design _____ the size of each stage giving the turbine a ______ shape.
50
Modern turbine technology can include ____ or more stages linked axially along a horizontal shaft.
net positive suction head
NPSH stands for:
impulse, reactive, condensing and non-condensing
Name the four basic types of steam turbines.
False
T or F Diaphragm compressors are only available in single stages.
Centrifugal force
Operation of an electric motor is NOT based on which of the following:
Composition of chemicals in a given flow would be found on what kind of diagram?
PFD
the pressure above a perfect vacuum (zero pressure)
PSIA absolute pressure
the pressure above atmospheric pressure; zero is equivalent to approximately 14.7 psi at sea level
PSIG gauge pressure
two cylinders are lined up with separate intakes and a common discharge line
Parallel cylinder arrangement occurs when:
True
T or F Dike containment prevents rain water from draining.
rotary and reciprocating, lobe, screw, vane, gear, piston, plunger, and diaphragm (all of the above)
Positive displacement pumps come in the following designs:
displace a specific volume of fluid
Positive displacement pumps:
Speed to torque conversion/torque to speed conversion
Power transmissions are used for:
reactors
Process equipment used for combining raw materials in the right proportions is called:
False
T or F Dry bulb temperature takes into account relative humidity.
False
T or F A 3-way plug valve is ideal for water flow reversal in lube oil heat exchangers.
False
T or F A 55 gallon barrel safely contains 55 gallons of liquid material.
True
T or F A centrifugal pump can be operated with its discharge valve closed for short periods of time.
False
T or F A commutator is used in an AC motor.
True
T or F A control valve position locator is used to tell how much the valve is opened.
True
T or F A desiccant dryer is used to remove moisture from compressor gases as they are passed over a chemical called desiccant.
True
T or F A drift eliminator is used to reduce water loss.
False
T or F A forced draft cooling tower is more efficient than an induced draft type.
True
T or F A gauge hatch can provide emergency pressure relief.
False
T or F A good pump to use for lifting water from wells is a vacuum pump.
True
T or F A shell-and-tube heat exchanger can be used to heat and cool a substance.
True
T or F A single acting multi-stage compressor arrangement has the discharge from the first cylinder enter into suction line of the second cylinder.
True
T or F A single acting parallel compressor arrangement has separate intakes and a common discharge line.
False
T or F All four main parts of a gas turbine are linked by special couplings.
False
T or F All plant equipment is inspected at 5 year intervals.
False
T or F All valves are interchangeable.
False
T or F All valves are interchangeable:
True
T or F An over speed trip device is designed to shut down the turbine at speeds in excess of 115% of design speed.
False
T or F Any given check valve can be mounted vertically or horizontally.
False
T or F Any storage tank is capable of storing any given material.
False
T or F Atmospheric tanks are designed for vacuum service.
False
T or F Axial pumps can only be mounted horizontally.
True
T or F Basin heating is used to prevent freezing.
False
T or F Blinds of any thickness can be used in most applications.
True
T or F Bonding and grounding refers to controlling static electricity.
True
T or F Brass is a copper alloy.
True
T or F Carbon steel is a better conductor of heat than 316 SS.
False
T or F Chain operators on valves require no special attention when being operated.
False
T or F Check valves are acceptable LO/TO equipment isolation devices (EID).
True
T or F Compressed gases produce heat because of molecular friction.
True
T or F Compression decreases volume.
False
T or F Compressor should not be used to transfer granular powders and small plastic pellets from place to place.
True
T or F Condensers are typically shell and tube heat exchangers often used with distillation columns to condense hot vapors into liquid.
False
T or F Convection heat transfer refers to heat energy moving molecule to molecule.
True
T or F Cooling water is monitored continuously for chemical contamination.
False
T or F Desiccant dryer chemicals need to be replaced after being saturated.
wind
The atmospheric cooling tower depends on _______ to move air through it.
shroud
The basic components of a centrifugal pump include all of the following EXCEPT:
none of the above
The basic design(s) of an AC motor is (are):
thrust bearing
The bearing that keeps the shaft from moving axially is called the:
radial bearing
The bearing that keeps the shaft from moving from side to side (up and down) is called the:
positive displacement, dynamic and thermal
The design and operation of a compressor can usually be classified into three groups:
delta p/ ^P
The difference between inlet and outlet pressures is commonly referred to as:
type of pump
The factors that affect a pump's suction pressure include all of the following EXCEPT:
Trim
The flow control element and seat is referred to as the:
a fan at the side or bottom
The forced-draft cooling tower has _______ to move air through it.
suction head
The pressure required to force liquid into a pump is called:
thickness of the material
The rate of heat transfer is inversely proportional to:
stator-rotor impeller
The stator blades in axial compressor can be arranged in all the following designs EXCEPT:
on the rotor
The suction and the discharge ports on a liquid-ring compressor are located:
cooling range
The temperature difference between the hot and cold water in a cooling tower is called:
instrument control distributive control system
The types of governor systems used on steam turbines include all of the following EXCEPT:
under the flow control element
The typical globe valve directs flow:
In an inverted bucket steam trap, the valve is in the closed position when the bucket is in
The up position
globe valve
The valve design the provides a back-seat between the stem and the bonnet to protect the packing when the valve is fully open is found in which valve?
jet
The venture effect is used in what kind of pump?
T or F The temperature at which ethanol and water vapor first begin to condense is called the dew point because if we were condensing vapor instead of boiling liquid, this would be the temperature at which first drop of liquid would form (about 185°F).
True
T or F The temperature profile (gradient) is the range of temperatures from the bottom - highest temperature, to the top - lowest temperature, and all those in-between.
True
T or F The vapor becomes more concentrated with the low boiling point component while the liquid becomes more concentrated with the high boiling point component.
True
T or F The water seal in the flare stack base ensures a positive pressure on the flare header
True
T or F Utility air should never be used for unplugging lines or sewers or for removing liquid hydrocarbons from trucks or vessels because of hazard of creating combustible mixtures.
True
T or F Weir and flume flow and level measuring devices are used to calculate flows in open channels.
True
Torque
Turning force of rotating equipment.
double block and bleed
Two valves in line with a smaller valve that opens to atmosphere are referred to as a:
resistance to flow
Viscosity is defined as:
check
Wafer refers to what kind of valve?
pass partition
What is the baffle added to the channel head that is used to channel flow in a multi-pass heat exchanger?
wood or plastics
What is the most common material used to build a cooling tower?
evaporation
What is the process where molecules holding heat energy break away from the body of water thus cooling the water?
pulsation dampers
What is used to off set the problems of spurting flow rates in a pump system?
stainless steel
What kind of piping is best suited for very low temperatures from -151^F to -320^F and does not become brittle as carbon steel does?
anti-seize compound
What lubricant should be used on an exposed valve stem?
carbon steel
What process piping is used because of its economy and wide temperature range?
stator and rotor blade
What two items make up a stage in an axial compressor?
heat exchanger
What type of equipment is an aftercooler?
butt weld
What type of weld would be used on a 10" pipe?
hunting
When a steam turbine speeds up or slows down while the controller searches for the correct operating speed, it is called:
closing quickly, tighten with a valve wrench, throttling
Which is damaging to a gate valve?
humidity of the air, wind velocity, temperature of the water
Which of the following affects the rate of water evaporation?
radiant
Which of the following is (are) NOT the means of heat transfer found in a heat exchanger?
fuel analyzer
Which of the following is NOT a part of the combustion chamber of a gas turbine?
foundation shift
Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of high temperature on bearing oil?
blending various specification material
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of a heat exchanger?
flow direction of the warm and cool fluids has minimal effect on the heat transfer process
Which of the following is NOT accurate?
impeller
Which of the following is NOT one of the rotary pump types?
back-up power supply
Which of the following is NOT part of a basic control loop?
unit designation
Which of the following is NOT part of the design data of an extraction column?
nozzle
Which of the following is NOT part of the four main components of a gas turbine?
compressor, air receiver, dryer, air header
Which of the following is a typical air compressor system in the right order?
mechanical seals
Which of the following is an improvement over the old fashioned stuffing boxes?
made of dirt, concrete, or metal/can contain full amount of material/ may have some method of draining/may require entry permit
Which of the following is true concerning dike areas?
NAT
Which of the following would NOT be a shell-and-tube flow arrangement?
hasteloy
Which of the following would be used in extremely corrosive processes that involve acids and caustics?
scale, corrosion, and fouling
Which of these can create problems in the cooling water system?
Gate
Which one of the following valves may be difficult to tell if it opened or closed?
discharge side
Which side of the impeller in a centrifugal pump exerts the most force on the shaft?
Regarding instrument air (IA), which of the following statements IS (ARE) accurate: IA pressure is protected against low pressure (as a result of excessive plant air usage) by an upstream pressure controller in utility air system a control valve will close off plant air if the instrument air header pressure falls below 95 psig it is necessary to maintain the instrument air system pressure at its normal controlled pressure of 105 psig, because some control valve actuators begin to malfunction when the pressure drops below 60 psig a, b and c b and c only
a,b and c
Which of the following IS (ARE) accurate: N2 is purchased from a supply company and is delivered by a high-pressure pipeline ranging in pressures from 300 to 600 psig the pressure is reduced at each operating unit to a working pressure of 120 to 150 psig N2 is used primarily as an inert gas for blanketing vessels and lines or for conveying combustible materials and sometimes as a backup for instrument air a, b and c
a,b and c
manways
access hatches into and out of vessels.
What is not the purpose of deaeration?
add dissolved oxygen by heating water with steam
Which of the following uses a reactor to make one large molecule out of two small molecules?
alkylation
What units take two small molecules of iso-butane and olefin (propylene, butylenes or pentylenes) and combines them into one large molecule of high-octane liquid called alkylate?
alkylation units
For pressure gauges, which of the following statements is true?
all are correct
With respect to plant fire water systems, which of the following statements is not accurate:
all deluge systems on storage vessels are supplied by a separate potable water supply
Crude oil is a mixture of: hydrocarbons clay and water sulfur all the above
all of the above
During reactor operation, process technicians are responsible for which of the following? establishing correct flow or feed rates to the reactor ensuring correct temperature, pressures and level monitoring and controlling reaction rates (time) ensuring specified mixing or agitation is occurring (pumps or mechanical agitators) all the above
all of the above
Each tray in a properly operating distillation column has its own unique:
all of the above
Regarding coagulation, which of the following IS accurate: coagulation neutralizes negative charges of suspended solids, thereby allowing them to clump together and settle out common coagulants include aluminum and iron salts aluminum and iron have three positive charges that counter negative charges of suspended solids all the above
all of the above
Regarding demineralization, which of the following IS accurate: ion exchange resins are used to remove electrically charged particles (ions) from water when minerals are dissolved in water they form two types of ions; anion resins which react with negatively charged ions such as sulfate (S04 -2) and cation resins which react with positively charged ions such as calcium ions (Ca+2) and magnesium ions (Mg+2) demineralization is a process that passes raw water through both anion and cation exchange resins effluent from this process is essentially pure water all the above
all of the above
Alkylate is a superior ____________ product that is used in blending unleaded gasoline.
anti-knock
measures the difference in pressure between two points
differential pressure cell
delta p
differential pressure measured across a filter
Bubble cap, Sieve, Plate and Valve are all in reference to:
distillation tray types
natural circulation
does not need a pump for circulation
contain hot water
downcomer
negative pressure at different elevations in the stack
draft
step 2
drain condensate, back feed low pressure steam into exhaust
Which section is used to increase boiler efficiency by preheating the water as it enters the system?
economizer section
The water seal height in a flare stack is used to:
establish a positive operating pressure inside the flare header, prevent air from entering the flare header system
ASME
establishes construction codes and tolerances and mechanical design
special shut off valves
factory mutual
air to close - spring to open
fails in the OPEN position.
air to open - spring to close
fails in the closed position
During ____________, operation gas oil enters the reactor and is mixed with a superheated powdered catalyst. The term cracking is applied to the process because during vaporization the molecules literally split and are sent to a fractionation tower for further processing.
fluid catalytic cracking
In what process does the chemical reaction between the catalyst and light gas oil produce a solid carbon deposit?
fluid catalytic cracking
What is a process that uses a reactor to split large gas oil molecules into smaller more useful ones?
fluid catalytic cracking
What is a process that uses a reactor to scrape the bottom of the barrel and squeeze light products out of reside?
fluid coking
What process suspends solids in a reactor by counter-current flow of gas?
fluidized bed reactor
on flow control
fuel oil
If a pneumatic controller output is 3 psig = 0% and 15 psig = 100%, what position will an "air to close" valve be in if the air pressure coming to it from a controller is 3 psig?
fully open
the ratio of the output signal from the controller to the error signal
gain
Which of the following is not a kind of flow meter?
gyroscopic
In cabin furnaces, radiant tubes may be configured in a ______ or ______ layout.
helical or serpentine
furnace
metal shell surrounding a firebox
Class C
moderate service operation
stab in
mounted directly into the base of a column
Many furnaces use ______ or ______ as fuel for burners among other types of fuel.
natural gas or methane
Most boilers use which types of fuel to heat a boiler?
natural gas, atomized fuel oil
All the following are examples of safety devices used on reactor systems EXCEPT
noise silencers
Nitrogen is generally delivered to the plant via pipeline at which of the following pressures? 900-1200 PSIG, 120-150 PSIG, 200-250 PSIG, or none of the above.
none of the above
With respect to boiler feed water treatment, which of the following statements not accurate:
only one pump is required in the system as small interruptions in BFW are not critical to plant operations
step 4
open throttle valve and bring up to 15% operating speed.
gauge hatch
opening through which tank levels are measured.
blowdown
opens at one pressure and closes at a lower pressure
solenoid valve
operated with electric current
centrifugal pump
operates with a constant head pressure over a wide capacity range
Which of the following is not a direct measurement instrument?
orifice