Programming Fundamentals I Chapter 1
The ASCII data set consists of ____________________ characters.
ANSWER: 128
____________________ signals represent information with a sequence of 0s and 1s.
ANSWER: Digital
The device that stores information permanently (unless the device becomes unusable or you change the information by rewriting it) is called primary storage. a. True b. False
ANSWER: False FEEDBACK: Correct A secondary storage device is used to store information permanently until the device becomes unusable or someone rewrites the information stored in it.
C++ programs have always been portable from one compiler to another. a. True b. False
ANSWER: False FEEDBACK: Correct In the early 1980s through the early 1990s, the C++ language was evolving in slightly different ways in different compilers. Therefore,C++ programs were not always portable from one compiler to another.
The command that does the linking on Visual C++ Express (2013 or 2016) and Visual Studio 2015 is Make or Remake. a. True b. False
ANSWER: False FEEDBACK: Correct The Build or Rebuild is the command, which does the linking on Visual C++ Express (2013 or 2016) and Visual Studio 2015.
4. The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called output devices. a. True b. False
ANSWER: False FEEDBACK: Correct The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called input devices. A mouse, scanner, webcam, and keyboard are examples of input devices.
When you compile your program, the compiler identifies the logic errors and suggests how to correct them. a. True b. False
ANSWER: False FEEDBACK: Correct The syntax errors in a program can be identified by a compiler while compiling the program. Also, the compiler suggests how to correct the errors.
When the computer is turned off, everything in secondary memory is lost. a. True b. False
ANSWER: False FEEDBACK: Correct When the computer is turned off, everything in the main memory is lost, but the secondary memory stores information permanently.
. ____________________ languages include FORTRAN, COBOL, Pascal, C, C++, Java, and Python.
ANSWER: High-level
Information stored in main memory must be transferred to some other device for permanent storage. a. True b. False
ANSWER: True FEEDBACK: Correct Information stored in the main memory is lost when the computer is turned off, so the information should be transferred to some other device like hard disk (HD) for permanent storage.
The basic commands that a computer performs are input (get data), output (display result), storage, and performance of arithmetic and logical operations. a. True b. False
ANSWER: True FEEDBACK: Correct Reading data (input), displaying results (output), storage, and performing arithmetic and logical operations are the basic commands which are performed by a computer.
Main memory is directly connected to the CPU. a. True b. False
ANSWER: True FEEDBACK: Correct The main memory (also called random access memory) is directly connected to the central processing unit (CPU).
To develop a program to solve a problem, you start by analyzing the problem. a. True b. False
ANSWER: True FEEDBACK: Correct To solve a problem by developing a program, the problem must be analyzed first.
A step-by-step problem-solving process in which a solution is arrived at in a finite amount of time is called a(n) ____. a. algorithm b. linker c. analysis d. design
ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: a. Correct. An algorithm is a step-by-step problem-solving process; it helps to find a solution in a finite amount of time. b. Incorrect. Linker is a program which combines the object program with the programs from libraries. c. Incorrect. Analysis is the first step in solving a problem. d. Incorrect. The term design refers to a plan for the building of a system.
____ programs perform a specific task. a. Application b. System c. Operating d. Service
ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: a. Correct. Application programs perform a specific task. Games and word processors are examples of application programs. b. Incorrect. System programs control the computer. Operating system (OS) is an example of system program. c. Incorrect. Operating programs is not a defined term in computer programming. d. Incorrect. A service program is a collection of runnable procedures.
The digit 0 or 1 is called a binary digit, or ____. a. bit b. bytecode c. Unicode d. hexcode
ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: a. Correct. The digit 0 or 1 is called a binary digit, or bit. A sequence of eight binary digits is called a byte. b. Incorrect. Bytecode is object code which is processed by a program. c. Incorrect. Unicode is an international encoding standard. It consists of 65,536 characters. d. Incorrect. Hexcode uses hexadecimal values to represent colors.
A program that loads an executable program into main memory is called a(n) ____. a. compiler b. loader c. linker d. assembler
ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. A compiler is a program which translates instructions written in high-level languages into machine code. b. Correct. A loader is a program that loads an executable program into main memory. c. Incorrect. Linker is a program which combines the object program with the programs from libraries. d. Incorrect. Assembler is a program which translates an assembly language program into equivalent machine language program.
The term GB refers to ____. a. giant byte b. gigabyte c. group byte d. great byte
ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Giant byte is not a defined term in binary units. b. Correct. The binary unit gigabyte is also referred to as GB. 1 gigabyte (GB) contains 1024 megabytes (MB). c. Incorrect. Group byte is not a defined term in binary units (groups of bytes can be referred to a specific unit; 1 kilobyte is group of 1024 bytes). d. Incorrect. There is no binary unit called great byte.
Main memory is called ____. a. read only memory b. random access memory c. readily available memory d. random read only memory
ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Read only memory (ROM) is a non-volatile memory, which contains boot-up programs of a computer. b. Correct. Main memory is also called random access memory (RAM). c. Incorrect. There is no memory called readily available memory. d. Incorrect. There is no memory called random read only memory.
The ____ handles the overall activity of the computer and provides services. a. central processing unit b. operating system c. arithmetic logic unit d. control unit
ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. The central processing unit (CPU) is the brain of a computer and it is a most expensive piece of hardware in a personal computer. It is used to execute all instructions. b. Correct. Operating system is a system program that handles the overall activity of the computer and provides services. c. Incorrect. Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logical operations. d. Incorrect. Control unit (CU) directs the operations of a processor.
A sequence of eight bits is called a ____. a. binary digit b. byte c. character d. double
ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. The digit 0 or 1 is called a binary digit, or bit. b. Correct. Byte is a unit used to represent digital information. A sequence of eight binary digits (bits) is called a byte. c. Incorrect. The term character represents any number, letter, special symbol, or space. For example, "A" is a character. d. Incorrect. double is a data type.
The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called ____ devices. a. entry b. input c. output d. secondary
ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. There is no device called entry device in computer technology. b. Correct. The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called input devices. Examples of an input device are a keyboard, scanner, and mouse. c. Incorrect. The devices that help to show computer results are called output devices. Examples of output devices are monitors and printers. d. Incorrect. There is no device called secondary device in computer technology (secondary storage device is used to store data permanently).
The basic commands that a computer performs are ____, and performance of arithmetic and logical operations. a. input, file, list b. output, folder, storage c. input, output, storage d. storage, directory, log
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. A file is an object used to store data and list is an abstract data type. b. Incorrect. Folder is a directory used to organize computer files. c. Correct. Input, output, storage, and performance of arithmetic and logical operations are the basic commands performed by a computer. d. Incorrect. A directory represents a location of the files stored in a computer.
____ represent information with a sequence of 0s and 1s. a. Analog signals b. Application programs c. Digital signals d. System programs
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Analog signals are continuously varying wave signals; it is represented with the sine waves. b. Incorrect. Application programs perform a specific task. Games and word processors are examples of application programs. c. Correct. Digital signal is a type of electrical signal. The digital signals represent information with a sequence of 0s and 1s. A low voltage will be represented by a 0 and a high voltage will be represented by a 1. d. Incorrect. System programs control the computer. Operating system (OS) is an example of system program.
A program called a(n) ____ translates instructions written in high-level languages into machine code. a. assembler b. decoder c. compiler d. linker
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Assembler is a program which translates an assembly language program into equivalent machine language program. b. Incorrect. Decoder is an electronic device used to translate signals from one form to another. c. Correct. A compiler is a program which translates instructions written in high-level languages into machine code. d. Incorrect. Linker is a program used to combine the object program with other programs in the library.
A program called a(n) ____ combines the object program with the programs from libraries. a. assembler b. decoder c. linker d. compiler
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Assembler is a program which translates an assembly language program into equivalent machine language program. b. Incorrect. Decoder is an electronic device used to translate signals from one form to another. c. Correct. Linker is a program which combines the object program with the programs from libraries. d. Incorrect. A compiler is a program which translates instructions written in high-level languages into machine code.
The programming language C++ evolved from ____. a. BASIC b. assembly c. C d. C+
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. BASIC is a high-level programming language. b. Incorrect. Assembly is a low-level programming language designed to make the programmer's job easier. c. Correct. The C++ programming language is evolved from the programming language C. d. Incorrect. There is no programming language called "C+".
Dividing a problem into smaller subproblems is called ____ design. a. OOD b. top-down refinement c. structured d. analog
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Object Oriented Design (OOD) is an extensively used programming methodology. b. Incorrect. The top-down refinement is not a defined term in structured programming. c. Correct. The structured design is the process of dividing a problem into smaller subproblems. d. Incorrect. Analog is a type of electrical signal. The analog signals are continuously varying wave signals; it is represented with the sine waves.
Main memory is an ordered sequence of items, called ____. a. pixels b. registers c. memory cells d. addresses
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Pixel is also called as picture element; it is a smallest piece of an image. The combination of pixels will form a computer display. b. Incorrect. Register is a type of computer memory used to store processing data. c. Correct. Main memory is an ordered sequence of items, called memory cells. d. Incorrect. An address represents a specific location in a computer memory.
The devices that the computer uses to display results are called ____ devices. a. exit b. entry c. output d. input
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. The devices fixed at the building doors to open and close the doors are referred as exit devices. b. Incorrect. The devices fixed at the entrance of a building are referred as entry devices. c. Correct. The devices that the computer uses to display results are called output devices. Examples of output devices are monitors and printers. d. Incorrect. The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called input devices. Examples of input devices are a keyboard, scanner, and mouse.
____ consists of 65,536 characters. a. ASCII-8 b. ASCII c. Unicode d. EBCDIC
ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. The eight-bit extended American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) data set consists of 256 characters. b. Incorrect. American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) data set consists of 128 characters. c. Correct. Unicode is an international encoding standard. It consists of 65,536 characters. Two bytes are required to store a Unicode character. d. Incorrect. The Extended Binary Code Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) is an eight-bit character encoding.
In C++, the mechanism that allows you to combine data and operations on the data into a single unit is called a(n) ____________________.
ANSWER: class
A(n) ____ consists of data and the operations on those data. a. disk b. compiler c. interpreter d. object
ANSWER: d FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. A disk is a secondary storage used to store information permanently. b. Incorrect. A compiler is a program which translates instructions written in high-level languages into machine code. c. Incorrect. An interpreter is a program used to execute high-level language instructions. d. Correct. An object consists of data and the operations on those data. An object is the combination of data and operations on the data.
Several categories of computers exist, such as ____. a. microframe, midframe, and miniframe b. midsize, microframe, and mainframe c. mainsize, midsize, and microsize d. mainframe, midsize, and micro
ANSWER: d FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. There is no computer category called microframe, midframe, or miniframe. b. Incorrect. Microframe is not a defined term in categories of computers. c. Incorrect. Mainsize and microsize are not defined terms in categories of computers. d. Correct. Several categories of computers exist, such as mainframe, midsize, and micro.
Assembly language uses easy-to-remember instructions called ____________________.
ANSWER: mnemonics
In ____________________ design, the final program is a collection of interacting objects.
ANSWER: object-oriented
In object-oriented design, the first step in the problem-solving process is to identify the components called ____________________, which form the basis of the solution, and to determine how they interact with one another.
ANSWER: objects
The ____________________ handles the overall activity of the computer and provides services such as memory management, input/output activities, and storage management.
ANSWER: operating system
In a C++ program, statements that begin with the symbol # are called ____________________ directives.
ANSWER: preprocessor
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