Project Management 1

Which of the following best describes a kill point in the project life cycle? a. The period of time given to managers during the feasibility phases to decide on the cost, quality, and time constraints for the project c. The point of time in the project lifecycle after which it is impossible to terminate a running project b. A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated d. The final submission of the project deliverables after which the project is terminated

A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated

Which of the following best describes outsourcing? a. An organization selling its products in a market outside its domestic market c. An organization setting up manufacturing and retailing facilities in a new country b. An organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source d. An organization's use of virtual teams with employees located in different countries

An organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source

23. Which of the following questions reflect the strategic goals of project portfolio management? a. Are we carrying out projects well? c. Are we investing in the right areas? b. Are projects on time and on budget? d. Do stakeholders know what they should be doing?

Are we investing in the right areas?

_____ are an example of external stakeholders for an organization. a. Top managers c. Employees b. Functional managers d. Competitors

Competitors

Which of the following activities is a part of the planning process of the Scrum? a. Determining how many sprints will compose each release c. Completing tasks each day during sprints b. Demonstrating the product during a sprint review meeting d. Creating sprint backlog

Creating sprint backlog

_____ is a planning process that is within the Project Scope Management knowledge area. a. Schedule development c. Creation of a WBS b. Developing a project management plan d. Quality planning

Creation of a WBS

_____ are an output of the executing process of project integration management. a. Deliverables c. Resource calendars b. Issue logs d. Enterprise environmental factor updates

Deliverables

Which of the following is a pre-initiation task? a. Drawing up a work breakdown structure c. Drafting the project charter b. Developing a business case for a project d. Identifying stakeholders

Developing a business case for a project

Which of the following refers to a set of principles that guides decision making based on personal values of what is considered right and wrong? a. Ethics c. Laws b. Civics d. Politics

Ethics

Which of the following tools are most likely to be used in project time management? a. Payback analysis c. Gantt charts b. Impact matrices d. Fishbone diagrams

Gantt charts

Joe is a project manager in an IT company and has over the years, gained substantial knowledge in his area of work. However, while managing his team, he often loses his temper. In addition, he fails to be an active listener when his team members approach him with work related challenges. In which of the following areas does Joe need to develop his skills in? a. Application area knowledge b. Project environment knowledge c. Standards and regulations d. Human relations skills

Human relation skills

Which of the following is true of a matrix organizational structure? a. In a matrix organizational structure, employees are organized into departments according to their skills, and there is little interaction between employees from different departments. c. In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority. b. Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from only a single functional area working on their projects. d. A matrix organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO.

In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.

Which of the following is true of the agile approach to software development? a. In the agile method, requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration. c. Agile is a predictive model of software development. b. An agile approach sets scope goals, but leaves time and cost goals flexible. d. In the agile approach, requirements must be clearly expressed early in the life cycle.

In the agile method, requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration.

Which of the following is true of the project life cycle? a. In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest. c. It is much more expensive to make major changes to a project during the earlier phases than the latter phases. b. In the later phases of the project life cycle, the level of uncertainty is usually the highest. d. More resources are usually needed during the initial phases of a project than during the middle or final phases.

In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.

_____ processes include defining and authorizing a project or project phase. a. Initiating c. Executing b. Planning d. Monitoring and controlling

Initiating

Which of the following statements is true of project management? a. It is a simple discipline with a limited scope. c. It does not guarantee successes for all projects. b. It has specific tools which work universally across all kinds of projects. d. Its framework consists solely of project management knowledge areas.

It does not guarantee successes for all projects.

Which of the following is true of virtual teams? a. It is easier for a virtual team to build relationships and trust. c. It is important to select team members carefully. b. Negative incentives do not impact virtual team members. d. As they never meet, virtual teams do not have conflicts.

It is important to select team members carefully.

Which of the following is true about the agile method? a. It is often used when a project team can express the scope early in the product life cycle. c. It uses several iterations or deliveries of software instead of waiting until the end of the project to provide a product. b. It is used when a project team wants to provide a potentially shippable product earlier rather than later. d. It is used when project teams want to use the predicative approach to a project.

It uses several iterations or deliveries of software instead of waiting until the end of the project to provide a product.

Which of the following types of tools is usually recommended for small projects and single users? a. Low-end c. High-end b. Midrange d. Upper range

Low-end

Which of the following is a difference between low-end and midrange tools of the project management software? a. Low-end tools are designed to handle primarily multiple users whereas midrange tools are created to handle single users. c. Midrange tools provide basic project management features whereas low-end tools offer enterprise and portfolio management functions. b. Low-end tools provide robust capabilities to handle dispersed workgroups whereas midrange tools do not. d. Midrange tools are designed to handle larger projects than low-end tools.

Midrange tools are designed to handle larger projects than low-end tools.

_____ refers to a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization. a. Chain of command c. Organizational culture b. Line of control d. Organizational structure

Organizational culture

Which of the following provides certification as a Project Management Professional? a. PMS c. PMI b. PMC d. PMP

PMI

_____ processes include devising and maintaining a workable scheme to ensure that the project addresses the organization's needs. a. Initiating c. Executing b. Planning d. Monitoring and controlling

Planning

A _____ is an organizational group responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization. a. Project Management Office c. Project Management Center b. Project Management Professional d. Portfolio Group

Project Management Office

Martha works as a project manager at a bank. Due to certain changes in external factors, Martha needs to make a few alterations in the tactical goals of her project. In such a scenario, which of the following will best help Martha cope with the change? a. Negotiation b. Project environment knowledge c. Motivation d. Soft skills

Project environment knowledge

Which of the following is a difference between project management and portfolio management? a. Project management involves making wise investment decisions whereas portfolio management does not. c. Portfolio management asks questions like, "Are we carrying out projects efficiently?" whereas project management asks questions such as "Are we investing in the right areas?" b. Portfolio management is an easy task whereas project management is a more difficult task. d. Project management addresses specific, short-term goals whereas portfolio management focuses on long-term goals.

Project management addresses specific, short-term goals whereas portfolio management focuses on long-term goals.

Which of the following is a difference between projects and operations? a. Projects are undertaken to sustain an organization's business whereas operations are not. c. Projects are temporary endeavors whereas an organization's operations are ongoing in nature. b. Operations are undertaken to create unique products, services, or results whereas projects are not. d. Operations have well-defined objectives whereas projects do not need to have a unique purpose.

Projects are temporary endeavors whereas an organization's operations are ongoing in nature.

The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation. a. incremental build life cycle c. RAD life cycle b. waterfall life cycle d. spiral life cycle

RAD life cycle

_____ is an iterative software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members. a. Agile Unified Process c. Rational Unified Process b. Dynamic Systems Development Method d. Six Sigma

Rational Unified Process

Which of the following is a disadvantage of virtual teams as compared to traditional teams? a. Increased costs for office space and support c. Limited flexibility in team working hours b. Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information d. Reduced dependence on technology and processes for accomplishing work

Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information

Galaxy, a construction company, buys a particular brand of tiles manufactured by Tiles and Floors, an eco-friendly tile manufacturing company. However, Tiles and Floors has declared bankruptcy and closed down. At present, Galaxy is facing a crisis because there are no other manufacturers in the market that supplies eco-friendly tiles. Which of the following constraints is Galaxy currently facing? a. Resources c. Scope b. Time d. Cost

Resources

_____ refers to a problem-solving approach that requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs. a. Linear programming c. Principal component analysis b. Independent component analysis d. Systems analysis

Systems analysis

Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment, and project managers need to consider projects within the greater organizational context. _____ describes this holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization. a. Linear analysis c. Reductionism b. Systems thinking d. The silo approach

Systems thinking

Which of the following is true of projects? a. They have an indefinite beginning and end. c. They are developed using regressive elaboration. b. They have a unique purpose. d. They are permanent in nature.

They have a unique purpose.

Which of the following best defines the role of leaders? a. They focus on short-term objectives. c. They work solely toward day-to-day details of meeting specific tasks. b. They work on achieving primarily tactical goals. d. They inspire people to reach goals.

They inspire people to reach goals

Which of the following is true of low-end tools of the project management software? a. They are designed for especially large projects with multiple users. c. They provide basic project management features. b. Their main advantage is that they have unlimited functionality. d. They are referred to as an enterprise project management software.

They provide basic project management features.

Which of the following is true of program managers? a. They report to project managers who represent the next level in the hierarchy. c. They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program. b. They recognize that managing a program is simpler than managing a project. d. They are responsible solely for the delivery of project results.

They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program.

An important tool for project scope management is _____. a. fast tracking c. a Gantt chart b. crashing d. a work breakdown structure

a work breakdown structure

Project procurement management mainly involves: a. making effective use of the people involved with the project. c. generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information. b. buying goods and services for a project from outside the performing organization. d. identifying and analyzing stakeholder needs while managing and controlling their engagement.

buying goods and services for a project from outside the performing organization.

A Gantt chart is a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a ____ format. a. calendar c. bar graph b. line graph d. pie chart

calendar

A _____ is a tool used in quality management. a. probability matrice c. request for proposal b. checklist d. critical path analysis

checklist

Administrative activities, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project, are often involved in _____ processes. a. monitoring and controlling c. initiating b. executing d. closing

closing

The _____ process involves gaining stakeholder and customer acceptance of the final products and services and bringing the project, or project phase, to an orderly end. a. executing c. planning b. closing d. monitoring

closing

Which of the following is a planning process associated with project scope management? a. Collecting requirements c. Planning schedule management b. Performing qualitative risk analysis d. Estimating costs

collecting requirements

A preliminary or rough cost estimate is developed in the _____ phase of the project life cycle, and an overview of the work involved is created. a. implementation c. concept b. acquisition d. close-out

concept

In which of the following areas of management is payback analysis most likely to be used? a. Human resource c. Cost b. Communication d. Quality

cost

A(n) _____ refers to a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project. a. deliverable c. system b. input d. resource

deliverable

A critical path: a. is the shortest path through a network diagram. c. determines the earliest completion date of a project. b. represents schedule information in calendar form. d. is a quality management tool to ensure a project meets the minimum quality standards.

determines the earliest completion date of a project.

One of the main outputs of the initiation process is _____. a. creating the work breakdown structure c. developing the project charter b. selecting the project manager d. identifying the project sponsor

developing the project charter

Examples of _____ processes include acquiring and developing the project team, performing quality assurance, distributing information, managing stakeholder expectations, and conducting procurements. a. monitoring and controlling c. planning b. executing d. initiating

executing

The symbolic perspective of an organization: a. focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management. c. focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people. b. views the organization as coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. d. focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.

focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.

In Rizzati Corp, vice presidents in departments such as engineering, manufacturing, IT, and human resources report directly to the chief executive officer and undertake their tasks independently of each other. The staffs of these departments have specialized skills in their respective disciplines.Rizatti Corp can be said to have a _____ organizational structure. a. project c. matrix b. symbolic d. functional

functional

Project managers have the least amount of authority in a pure _____ organizational structure. a. functional c. matrix b. project d. circular

functional

Enterprise project management softwares are also known as _____ tools of project management software. a. baseline c. low-end b. midrange d. high-end

high-end

Team building exercises and motivation techniques are tools used in _____ management. a. procurement c. human resource b. scope d. cost

human resource

The _____ frame of an organization focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people. a. structural c. political b. human resources d. symbolic

human resources

In the _____ phase, the project team creates a definitive or very accurate cost estimate, delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders. a. development c. concept b. implementation d. close-out

implementation

The _____ model of a systems development life cycle provides for progressive development of operational software, with each release providing added capabilities. a. spiral life cycle c. waterfall life cycle b. RAD life cycle d. incremental build life cycle

incremental life cycle

During _____ processes for a new project, the organization recognizes that a new project exists, and completes a project charter as part of this recognition. a. initiating c. opening b. planning d. controlling

initiating

The project integration management knowledge area maps to the _____ process group through the activities of developing project charters. a. initiating c. executing b. planning d. monitoring and controlling

initiating

The project stakeholder management knowledge area maps to the _____ process group by identifying stakeholders. a. initiating c. executing b. planning d. monitoring and controlling

initiating

The project management plan is the output of the planning process of project _____. a. integration management c. scope management b. quality management d. procurement management

integration management

Which of the following tools can best help in efficient communication management? a. Kick-off meetings c. Requests for quotes b. Impact matrices d. Fast tracking

kick-off meetings

In a _____ organizational structure, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers. a. project c. matrix b. symbolic d. functional

matrix

_____ refers to the degree to employees identify with the organization as a whole, rather than with their types of job or profession. a. Member identity c. Group emphasis b. People focus d. Unit integration

member identity

A common _____ process is reporting performance, where project stakeholders can identify any necessary changes that may be required to keep the project on track. a. executing c. monitoring and controlling b. closing d. planning

monitoring and controlling

The project scope management knowledge area maps to the _____ process group through the activities of scope validation and scope control. a. initiating c. executing b. planning d. monitoring and controlling

monitoring and controlling

The project time management knowledge area maps to the _____ process group through the activity of schedule control. a. initiating c. executing b. planning d. monitoring and controlling

monitoring and controlling

_____ refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment. a. Means-ends orientation c. Conflict tolerance b. Open-systems focus d. Risk tolerance

open-systems focus

The _____ characteristic of organizational culture describes the degree to which management's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on people within the organization. a. member identity c. people focus b. group emphasis d. unit integration

people focus

The project cost management knowledge area maps to the _____ process group through the activities of estimating costs and budget determination. a. initiating c. executing b. planning d. monitoring and controlling

planning

The _____ perspective on organizations assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. a. political frame c. structural frame b. symbolic frame d. human resources frame

political frame

A _____ is a tool used in risk management. a. work breakdown structure c. critical path analysis b. project organizational chart d. probability matrice

probability matrice

In a _____organizational structure, program managers, rather than functional managers or vice presidents, report to the CEO. Their staffs have a variety of skills needed to complete all required tasks within their programs. a. project c. matrix b. symbolic d. functional

project

Project managers have the most authority in a pure _____ organizational structure. a. functional c. matrix b. project d. circular

project

Which of the following project management knowledge areas primarily involve generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information? a. Project cost management c. Project time management b. Project procurement management d. Project communications management

project communications management

The first two traditional project phases (concept and development) focus on planning, and are often referred to as _____. a. project feasibility c. project implementation b. project acquisition d. project close-out

project feasibility

Enterprise environmental factors are an output of the executing process of _____. a. project integration management c. project human resource management b. project quality management d. project procurement management

project human resource management

Organizational process assets update is the output of the closing process of _____. a. project integration management c. project procurement management b. project quality management d. project time management

project integration management

Which of the following project management knowledge areas is an overarching function that affects and is affected by the different knowledge areas? a. Project cost management c. Project integration management b. Project stakeholder management d. Project communications management

project integration management

Developing a _____ is a planning process that occurs in the Project Integration Management knowledge area. a. schedule management plan c. WBS b. project management plan d. quality management

project management plan

The role of a _____ is to provide direction and funding for a project. a. project sponsor c. support staff member b. project manager d. project team

project sponsor

Which of the following project parameters would be compatible with the use of the agile approach? a. Projects with inexperienced and dispersed teams c. Projects with clear-up front requirements b. Projects that have a fairly rigid completion date d. Projects that have more flexible scheduling

projects that have more flexible scheduling

In the _____ model, developers use a model to generate functional requirements and physical design specifications simultaneously. a. RAD life cycle c. spiral life cycle b. prototyping life cycle d. incremental build life cycle

prototyping life cycle

Project _____ management ensures that the project will satisfy the stated or implied needs for which it was undertaken. a. cost c. risk b. time d. quality

quality

Project _____ management involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully. a. human resource c. time b. scope d. cost

scope

The improvement of the product and process in the Scrum method is discussed at the _____. a. sprint reflection meeting c. kick-off meeting b. sprint review meeting d. daily Scrum meeting

sprint reflection meeting

A difference between strategic and tactical goals is that: a. strategic goals are more specific than tactical goals. c. tactical goals are more important for a project than strategic goals. b. tactical goals encompass broader dimensions than strategic goals. d. strategic goals are long-term in nature whereas tactical goals are short-term.

strategic goals are long-term in nature whereas tactical goals are short-term

The _____ perspective of an organization focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management. a. structural frame c. political frame b. human resources frame d. symbolic frame

structural frame

Grey's Infotech sells customized hardware and software solutions for businesses. The salespeople for Grey's have a strict dress code when meeting clients. They are required to wear dark business suits, in order to convey the company's dedication to quality. The meaning conveyed to the clients' through the salespeople's clothing is part of the _____ frame of the organization. a. political c. structural b. symbolic d. human resources

symbolic

A _____ is usually not necessary to the Scrum method. a. team contract c. Gantt chart b. velocity estimate d. product backlog

team contract

Steve, an engineer in a construction company, is at present working on a home construction project. The home is being built for the Robinson family, the owners of the home. Steve is working with his project team and support staff to ensure the project is completed on time. In such a scenario, the project sponsor is _____. a. Steve c. the project team b. the support staff d. the Robinson family

the Robinson family

In organizational culture, people focus refers to _____. a. the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment c. the degree to which management 's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on employees within the organization b. the degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior d. the degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking

the degree to which management 's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on employees within the organization

In organizational culture, means-end orientation refers to _____. a. the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment c. the degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results b. the degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior d. the degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking

the degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results

In organizational culture, control refers to _____. a. the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment c. the degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results b. the degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior d. the degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking

the degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior

In the development phase of the project life cycle: a. the project team creates more detailed project plans, a more accurate cost estimate, and a more thorough WBS. c. managers develop a business case, which describes the need for the project and basic underlying concepts. b. the project team delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders. d. managers prepare a preliminary or rough cost estimate for the required work.

the project team creates more detailed project plans, a more accurate cost estimate, and a more thorough WBS.

Fast tracking is an example of a tool used in _____ management. a. time c. communication b. quality d. risk

time

_____refers to the degree to which departments within an organization are encouraged to coordinate with each other. a. Member identity c. Group emphasis b. People focus d. Unit integration

unit integration

The _____ model of a systems development life cycle assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined. a. spiral life cycle c. incremental build life cycle b. waterfall life cycle d. RAD life cycle

waterfall life cycle

The _____ provides a basis for creating the project schedule and performing earned value management for measuring and forecasting project performance. a. scope statement c. work breakdown structure b. cost management plan d. project charter

work breakdown structure