Protists
Unicellular chlorophytes are motile due to which of the following structures?
2 flagella at their anterior end
Eukaryotes are distinguished from prokaryotes by the presence of which of the following?
A cytoskeleton and compartmentalization, which includes a nuclear envelope and organelles
Which of the following is a branch of the supergroup Chromalveolata that is distinguished from other protists by the presence of flattened vesicles stacked in a continuous layer beneath their plasma membrane?
Alveolates
In members of the branch of supergroup Chromalveolata known as the alveolates, a common trait is the presence of flattened vesicles below the plasma membrane called which of the following?
Alveoli
Which of the following are currently recognized supergroups of protists?
Amoebozoa Excavata Archaeplastida Ophisthokonta Rhizaria Chromalveolata
Spore-forming parasites of animals that are characterized by a structure at one end of the cell that facilitates the invasion of a host are members of what group?
Apicomplexans
What is a unique carbohydrate produced by diatoms?
Chrysolaminarin
Which of the following are features of at least some ciliates?
Cilia for locomotion Alveoli under the plasma membrane Contractile and food vacuoles A macronucleus and a micronucleus
The protist group that is characterized by rows or spirals of beating hairs is called the _____.
Ciliates
____________ are characterized by having large numbers of tiny beating hairs which are responsible for their locomotion; they all have two different types of nuclei in their cells (macronuclei and micronuclei).
Ciliates
Stramenopile protists with elaborately ornamented double shells made of silica are called which of the following?
Diatoms
What group of protists is characterized by their lack of a cell wall, having instead flexible protein strips that give them extreme flexibility and allow them to change shape while swimming?
Euglenozoans
True or false: Most amoeba are parasites and live in freshwater habitats.
False
Stramenopiles are a branch of chromalveolates that are distinguished from other chromalveolates based on the presence of which of the following?
Fine hairs on their flagella
Which of the following are not found in red algae?
Flagella Centrioles
Flowing projections of cytoplasm that are used by many protists for locomotion are called which of the following?
Flowing projections of cytoplasm that are used by many protists for locomotion are called which of the following?
Heterotrophic marine protists, which make characteristic pore-studded shells (called tests) of organic material encrusted with calcium carbonate, belong to the phylum ______________.
Foraminifera
Charophytes are which type of algae?
Green
Most individuals of Chlamydomonas can be described as which of the following?
Haploid
Which of the following statements about amoeba is correct?
Most amoeba are free-living, but some are parasitic, and they live in the soil as well as freshwater.
What characteristics do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes lack?
Organelles A cytoskeleton A nuclear envelope
Which of the following are important features of eukaryotes that distinguish them from prokaryotes?
Presence of organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts Presence of a cytoskeleton Presence of a nucleus
The major monophyletic groups within the supergroup Rhizaria include which of the following?
Radiolaria Foraminifera Cercozoa
These organisms are autotrophic protists that lack flagella. They have numerous accessory photosynthetic pigments such as phycoerythrin and range in size from microscopic to over 2 m in length.
Red algae
Cercozoa, Foraminifera, and Radiolaria are all monophyletic groups within the supergroup _________.
Rhizaria
The presence of fine hairs on their flagella distinguish this branch of supergroup Chromalveolata from other branches.
Stramenopiles
Which of the following are characteristic of Foraminifera?
They are marine. They are heterotrophic. They are a prominent part of the fossil record.
Select features common to members of the supergroup Excavata.
They are unicellular. They move using flagella. They possess a feeding groove.
Which of the following are characteristics of red algae?
They can be as large as 2 meters. They have unique accessory pigments, e.g., phycoerythrin. They have a haplodiplontic life cycle with both haploid and diploid phases.
Which of the following features are found in at least some brown algae?
They can be very large. They have a haplodiplontic life cycle. They are multicellular.
Which of the following statements about dinoflagellates are true?
They have alveoli. Their chloroplasts are similar to those of diatoms or brown algae. They are protected by plates composed of a cellulose-like material.
Which of the following describes the similarity between Diplomonads and parabasalids the best?
They have modified mitochondria and multiple flagella.
Most dinoflagellates can be described as which of the following?
Unicellular and photosynthetic
Brown algae exhibit _________of generations. In these species both the sporophyte and gametophyte are _________.
alternations, multicellular
________ is the green algal clade most closely related to land plants.
charyphytes
Pseudopods are flowing projections of ___________, that are used by many protists for locomotion.
cytoplasm
Members of the phylum Foraminifera are
heterotrophic marine organisms
Protists in the Foraminifera are:
marine heterotrophic
Eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes in many ways; for example, eukaryotes possess compartmentalization in the form of __________ such as mitochondria and chloroplasts.
organelles
Euglenozoans exhibit extreme flexibility; they change shape while swimming thanks to strips of __________ encircling their cells rather than a cell wall.
protein
The protists are divided into how many supergroups?
six supergroups
Apicomplexans are______ -forming parasites of ________.
spore, animals
