Psy 201 Chapter 2 Quiz Answers

Winona immediately recognizes when she has entered a room that is a few degrees cooler than the one she was in previously. Her ability to notice temperature differences is due to functioning of her a) occipital lobes. b) temporal lobes. c) frontal lobes. d) parietal lobes.

d

The part of the brain responsible for emotional behavior such as experiencing rage, terror, or pleasure is the a) medulla. b) thalamus. c) hypothalamus. d) hippocampus.

c

The spine refers to the part of the skeleton responsible for a) movement. b) producing new bone material. c) protecting the nerves linking the brain to the body. d) allowing an individual to resist severe trauma and impacts.

c

A dietary researcher wants to evaluate the effects of certain eating habits on the functioning of the pancreas. If they wanted to examine which foods cause the pancreas to produce the most insulin, which of the following foods should they have subjects eat? a) Broccoli and carrots b) Milk and oatmeal c) Steak and sausages d) Candy bars and potato chips

d

An automatic, unlearned response to certain stimuli is a(n) a) cognition. b) bias c) emotion d) reflex

d

In regards to the brain, the term plasticity refers to what type of process? a) Brittleness or rigidity b) Easily broken or "cracked" c) Level of complexity d) Ability to adapt to new conditions

d

Jonas's doctor tells him that he will need to take a look at the activity in his brain. His doctor prepares a set of electrodes, which he places on Jonas's head. Which of the following neuroimaging procedures is Jonas likely having done? a) Magnetic resonance imaging b) A positron emission tomography scan c) computed tomography scan d) An electroencephalograph

d

Julie is a researcher who removes parts of the brains of lab rats in order to observe the function of different brain regions. As an aspect of her research, Julie engages in a) electrical recording. b) electrical induction. c) electrical stimulation. d) lesioning.

d

Kelly believes that the central nervous system is more responsible for managing her response to danger or stress via the fight-or-flight response than the peripheral nervous system. Is she correct? a) No—the central nervous system typically shuts down completely during periods of danger or stress. b) Yes—the central nervous system marshals the body's resources in dangerous situations more effectively than the peripheral nervous system. c) Yes—the central nervous system contributes to the flight-or-flight response while the peripheral nervous system shuts down completely. d) No—the central nervous system is most responsible for reflexes and higher-level thinking.

d

Lilja wants to demonstrate the importance of the left hemisphere of the brain in controlling speech and language processing. How should she go about doing this? a) Ask split-brain patients to describe objects that are displayed in their peripheral vision. b) Ask split-brain patients to describe objects that are displayed in their left visual field. c) Ask split-brain patients to describe objects that are displayed in the center of their vision. d) Ask split-brain patients to describe objects that are displayed in their right visual field.

d

Respectively, Broca's area is important for what brain function, and Wernicke's area is important for what brain function? a) Talking; talking b) Listening; listening c) Listening; talking d) Talking; listening

d

The function of the neuron's axon is to do what? a) Receive messages from neighboring neurons b) Regulate the neuron's life processes c) Insulate against leakage of electrical impulses d) Conduct outgoing electrochemical impulses toward other neurons, muscles, or glands

d

What communicates the strength of a message in the form of neural impulses? a) How many ions are involved b) How strongly the neuron fires c) How big the impulse is d) How rapidly the neuron fires

d

What techniques are used to study the functions of single neurons? a) Functional imaging b) Macroelectrode c) Structural imaging d) Microelectrode

d

A doctor is worried about a patient who has recently begun showing signs of memory loss. They have also begun behaving more agitated and fearful in recent days. Which areas of the patient's brain should this doctor look into? a) Their amygdala and hippocampus b) Their reticular formation and thalamus c) Their medulla and pons d) Their hypothalamus and basal ganglia

a

A neurology report reveals that a patient's neurons are experiencing problems maintaining a healthy metabolic state. Which of the following should his neurologist examine further based on this report? a) His neurons' somas and whether they are lacking in certain vital chemicals b) His neurons' dendrites and whether they are properly connected to preceding neurons c) His neurons' nodes of Ranvier and whether they are transmitting electrical impulses correctly d) His neurons' myelin and whether it is appropriately covering his axons

a

A patient would like more information on medications used to reduce the severity of hallucinations. What medication should they receive more information about? a) Medications that block receptor sites for dopamine b) Medications that open receptor sites for serotonin c) Medications that block receptor sites for serotonin d) Medications that open receptor sites for dopamine

a

Clark is a split-brain patient. Of the following, he has the most trouble with a) identifying objects that he is holding, but cannot see. b) managing his appetite. c) naming the faces of individuals he knows. d) getting a proper amount of sleep.

a

The largest mass of the forebrain consisting of two hemispheres is the a) cerebrum. b) cerebellum. c) occipital lobe. d) spinal cord.

a

You are interested in learning more about how the body uses chemicals to communicate through the bloodstream. You are interested in the a) endocrine system. b) central nervous system. c) respiratory system. d) peripheral nervous system.

a

A guest lecturer describes experiencing damage to their prefrontal cortex from a traumatic injury some years earlier. They then go into detail discussing how their injury has affected their ability to a) recognize certain shapes and objects. b) manage their impulses. c) understand their native language. d) hear sounds above a certain range.

b

A neurologist is investigating a deficiency in her patient's levels of the neurotransmitter, serotonin. Which of the following processes should she spend the most time analyzing? a) The amount of serotonin broken down by enzymes b) The amount of serotonin recycled during reuptake c) The amount of serotonin created during reuptake d) The amount of serotonin needed to fill the synapse

b

A new student in your class cannot move without the assistance of a wheelchair. The most likely cause of this is dysfunction in their a) limbic system. b) spinal cord. c) cerebellum. d) cerebrum.

b

Alicia's doctor informs her that she has a rare disease that affects the ability of her sensory neurons to transmit information to her brain. Which of the following symptoms is Alicia most likely to experience? a) She won't be able to move her legs after a relatively short amount of time. b) She will experience a reduction in her ability to appreciate the feel of objects. c) She will have trouble recognizing her close friends and family members. d) She will become tired and ill-tempered as a result of sleep deprivation.

b

Jack is experiencing problems with regulating his anger. He would like to pursue a medical solution to help him feel less reactive to negative circumstances. Which of the following hormones should he look to manage? a) His cortisol b) His testosterone c) His oxytocin d) His estrogen

b

The part of a neuron which contains the nucleus and has a complete set of the neuron's chromosomes and genes is called the a) axon. b) cell body. c) dendrite. d) cell membrane

b

Tucker wants to improve the responsiveness of his neurons to electrical impulses. Which of the following nutrients would be best for him to consume more of? a) Vitamin B and Vitamin C b) Sodium and potassium c) Vitamin A and Vitamin D d) Iron and zinc

b

Which of the following statements about plasticity is true? a) Plasticity allows the brain to repair other organs if they are damaged by similar kinds of trauma as the brain experienced. b) Plasticity allows the brain to compensate somewhat for injuries in certain ways. c) Plasticity allows the brain to compensate for any injury almost without fail. d) Plasticity allows the brain to break down harmful materials in the bloodstream that enter the cerebral cortex.

b

A computer-enhanced imaging technique in which an X-ray generates a three-dimensional image of bodily structures is known as a) a positron emission tomography scan. b) an electroencephalograph. c) a computed tomography scan. d) magnetic resonance imaging.

c

A medical researcher is interested in developing a treatment for neurological diseases that involve inadequate amounts of myelin. If he wanted to use a specific disease as a focus for his research, which disease should he collect more data on? a) Alzheimer's Disease b) Hodgkin's Lymphoma c) Multiple sclerosis d) Parkinson's Disease

c

A researcher wants to examine the brain activity of a lab rat while it is engaged in mating behavior. However, she does not want to manipulate the animal's behaviors or interfere with the structure of its brain. Which of the following techniques should she use? a) Electrical stimulation b) Electrical induction c) Electrical recording d) Lesioning

c

Harriet wants to learn more about how electrical signals are transmitted through neurons. Which of the following should she spend the most time studying? a) The ways neurons produce the energy necessary for the cell to survive b) The processes by which neurons reproduce themselves c) The relations between action potentials and resting potentials d) The extra-cellular environments present in the central and peripheral nervous systems

c

Jasper wants to help his younger sister understand the importance of action potentials to the functioning of the human nervous system. What should he tell her to emphasize the significance of action potentials? a) A neuron that experiences too many action potentials in a short time can cause the brain to overload. b) Action potentials are vital for transmitting nutrients from one neuron to another. c) Action potentials are necessary for transmitting information from one neuron to another. d) A neuron that builds up energy will fire a weaker action potential if the energy available is less than what is required.

c

Katara wants to know if a certain image of a political candidate causes people to listen more closely or tune out during a political event. Which of the following fields should she study most closely? a) Neurophysiology b) Developmental psychology c) Neuromarketing d) Clinical psychology

c

One form of research that allows investigators to identify genetic factors implicated in certain behaviors is a a) familial association study. b) adoption study. c) twin study d) parental study

c

Stan is a nine-year-old boy who is far taller than other children his age. It is likely that he has an overactive a) pancreas. b) hippocampus. c) pituitary gland. d) hypothalamus.

c

The "all or none law" is the principle stating that a) a neuron must be receiving only "fire" messages through its dendrites or it will not fire at all. b) all the neurons in a particular area of the brain fire simultaneously or not at all. c) a neuron fires at full strength or not at all. d) all neurons in an area fire at the same intensity or not at all.

c

The branch of the autonomic nervous system that calms and relaxes the body is which division? a) Sympathetic b) Secondary c) Parasympathetic d) Central

c

You are asked to give a class presentation describing the flaws inherent in adoption studies. Which of the following statements should you make in order to clearly explain the strengths and weaknesses of this kind of study? a) Adoption studies allow researchers to identify the influence of environment with greater confidence than twin studies, but the results of these studies often overlook the contributions of genetics to the behavioral patterns of the individuals involved. b) Adoption studies allow researchers to identify the influence of genes and environment with greater confidence than twin studies, but the results of these studies may still be biased by researchers' negative interpretations of the effects of adoption on twins. c) Adoption studies allow researchers to identify the influence of genetics with greater confidence than twin studies, but the results of these studies often overlook the contributions of environment to the behavioral patterns of the individuals involved. d) Adoption studies allow researchers to identify the influence of genes and environment with greater confidence than twin studies, but the results of these studies may still be biased by specific circumstances shared by individuals prior to their adoption.

d