PSY 308 - Exam 2 (chs. 4 & 5)

Compared with covert exposure therapy for combat veterans with PTSD, virtual reality exposure therapy has been shown to be:

more effective

Having to walk the dog several times a day when it is raining is an example of a:

psychological disorder ??

A friend says, "If we could just eliminate combat traumas, we could eliminate a great deal of post-traumatic stress disorder." The BEST response is:

"Yes. However, civilian trauma causes many more cases of PTSD than combat trauma does." ??

A client has been experiencing uncontrolled anxiety. His symptoms include edginess, sleep changes, fatigue, and significant distress. To meet the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, these symptoms must be present for at least how many months?

6 months

Which thought is consistent with the thinking of someone who has social anxiety disorder?

I can't go on that business lunch with my boss. I'd spill food on myself and look like an idiot ??

A friend says to you, "I know someone who is a combat veteran who was just diagnosed with PTSD. Do you think therapy will help this person?" Which is the BEST answer you can give based on current research?

Probably. About two-thirds of those receiving therapy for PTSD eventually show improvement

Which statement describes how phobias and common fear differ?

a phobia leads to a greater desire to avoid the thing that causes fear

Which factor during childhood has NOT been shown to increase a person's likelihood of developing a stress disorder after experiencing a trauma later in life?

being required to "work" for an allowance

Which statement BEST describes the long-term effects of exposure to stress during childhood?

children who are repeatedly exposed to manageable stress tend to be more resilient as adults ??

When he was 5 years old, Sunil was almost struck by lightning while walking through a forest during a rainstorm. Today, he is extremely afraid of trees. A behaviorist would say that he has acquired this fear by:

classical conditioning

Which therapy is an effective long-term, nonpharmacologic treatment for panic attack that involves teaching patients to interpret their physical sensations accurately?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

If a person criticized everything he did, always looking for flaws, and never could measure up to his own personal standards, he would be exhibiting what Rogers called:

conditions of worth

Which is the MOST accurate statement about the effectiveness of psychological debriefing in the aftermath of a disaster, based on research studies?

debriefing can have a negative effect on some victims ??

Jacquie developed PTSD after being held in captivity for years. She is upset by what she had to do to survive and perhaps even feels unworthy of surviving. This is an example of:

experiencing increased anger, anxiety, and guilt ??

Carly has post-traumatic stress disorder but refuses to talk about it. She is:

experiencing reduced responsiveness ??

What is the BEST combination of treatments to treat obsessive-compulsive-related disorders?

exposure therapies and antidepressant drugs ??

What kind of therapy entails a combat veteran undergoing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?

exposure therapy

How does fear differ from anxiety?

fear is a response to a specific threat, whereas anxiety is more general

Davon watched his father recoil from a snake in fear. Now he is afraid of snakes. This apparent acquisition of fear of snakes is an example of:

modeling

A professor's office is a mess; graded tests are in piles on the desk, overflowing bookshelves line the walls, and research materials from years ago occupy boxes on the floor where there is only a narrow pathway to walk. If the professor is experiencing a diagnosable disorder, it would MOST likely be in which category?

obsessive-compulsive-related disorders ??

Sebastian was outside the parking garage when, out of nowhere, he suddenly felt overwhelming fear. Sebastian noticed that his fear increased, he started to feel out of control, and the intensity of the feelings seemed to reach a peak and then pass within a few minutes. This is an example of a:

panic attack

Apparently, people develop phobias more readily to things such as spiders and the dark than they do to objects such as computers and radios. This observation supports the idea of:

preparedness

In response to a threat, we perspire, breathe more quickly, get goosebumps, and feel nauseated. These responses are controlled by the:

sympathetic nervous system

When would religious rituals and superstitious behavior (such as not stepping on on cracks) be considered compulsive behaviors?

when they interfere with daily function and cause distress

An example of a meta-worry is demonstrated by someone who:

worries about worrying