psy-317 review sheet chapters 1-3

approximately_____meet the DSM criteria for

1.5 million U.S. prison inmates, substance abuse

approximately_______of mental health clients have

50%, problems stemming from their own of their family member's addiction problems

about____of the world's heroin comes from

90%, Afghanistan

what countries have the higher total per capita consumption in liters of pure alcohol

Moldova, Czech Republic

addiction is:

a behavior pattern of compulsive substance abuse

according to the NIAAA (National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism):

about one third of previously diagnosed alcoholics matured out of their dependence

depressants:

alcohol, morphine, oxycotin

alcoholism is described as

an illness because the concept recognizes alcoholism as both a medical and social problem

harm reduction refers to

any positive change

methadone is used to:

block withdrawal symptoms and reduce cravings and is distributed in clinics/hospital in the US and Britain

naltrexone works by:

blocking brain activity that produces a high

nicotine is the only drug that

causes addiction in the majority of users

the following are trends in substance abuse treatment today:

chain smoking regarded as an addiction, human rights seen as a practical philosophy and counseling of clients in moderate drinking.

the behaviors can become addictive:

drug use, eating and shopping

The drug court movement promotes decarceration ( treatment in the community) with

individuals whose legal problems are related to their addiction.

reentry programs focus

primarily in persons released from prison

the following are effective treatment modalities:

self-control, social skills training, motivational enhancement strategies, cognitive therapy

addiction is an illness to

the body, mind, and soul

according to Hester and Miller's empirical research:

the highest treatment effectiveness scores were obtained for motivational enhancement

anhedonia:

the inability to feel pleasure

marijuana activates:

the very receptors in the brain involved in the increase of appetite

columbia is considered

the world's leading producer of cocaine

_____________is the phenomenon associated with aging in which _____________

tolerance reversal, the drinker loses his/her ability to handle alcohol

the following are typical symptoms defined by the DSM-5 to diagnose substance use disorder:

tolerance, unsuccessful attempts to control or reduce consumption, withdrawal addiction

to understand the pain connected with addictive and compulsive behavior, one must

understand the pleasure side of the activity

in colonial america strong drink

was thought to protect against disease

cross-tolerance:

when a tolerance that develops for one drug generalizes to another drug in the same pharmaceutical class

the highest level of alcohol use is found among

21 year olds

__% of patients treated at mental health centers have problems with_________

60, alcohol and other drugs