psy 376: chapter 2

Which of the following are potential causes of infertility? - blocked fallopian tubes - low sperm production - ova lack motility - the woman does not ovulate

- blocked fallopian tubes - low sperm production - the woman does not ovulate

Which of the following are recessive characteristics? - blond hair - dimples - freckles - nearsightedness

- blond hair - freckles - nearsightedness

Which of the following happen during mitosis? - Eggs and sperm are formed. - An egg and sperm fuse to together. - A zygote is formed. - Two new cells are formed. - A cell's nucleus duplicates itself.

- two new cells are formed - a cell's nucleus duplicates itself

Someone with which of the following chromosomes has Turner syndrome? a. XYY b. XO c. XXY d. XY

XO

All of the following are characteristic of Klinefelter syndrome EXCEPT a. enlarged breasts b. tallness c. undeveloped testes d. an extra Y chromosome

an extra Y chromosome

______ are threadlike structures made up of strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). a. Genes b. Marker genes c. Proteins d. Chromosomes

chromosomes

According to developmental psychologist David Moore, genetic factors a. predictably intertwine with environmental conditions to help understand human behavior. b. do not determine phenotypes independently from the contexts in which they develop. c. and environmental factors independently influence human development. d. are the main factors in the development of behavior.

do not determine phenotypes independently from the contexts in which they develop

_____ syndrome results when a person inherits an extra copy of chromosome 21.

down

The ______ view states that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment. a. epigenetic b. heredity-environment correlation c. nonshared environment d. evocative experiential

epigenetic

Which psychological approach emphasizes the importance of adaption, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behaviors? a. evolutionary psychology b. social psychology c. cognitive psychology d. adaption psychology

evolutionary psychology

True or false: Ultrasound sonography during pregnancy can pose significant risks to both mother and fetus.

false

What fetal screening method can provide more detailed images than an ultrasound? a. fetal MRI b. amniocentesis c. blood testing d. villus sampling

fetal MRI

XYY syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in which the a. male has an extra X chromosome. b. male has an extra Y chromosome. c. female has an extra X chromosome. d. female has a Y chromosome.

male has an extra Y chromosome

Chromosomal abnormalities result when a chromosome does not separate properly during a. meiosis. b. fertilization. c. mitosis. d. collaboration.

meiosis

A common outcome of fragile X syndrome is a. infertility b. red blood cell impairment c. extreme height d. mental deficiency

mental deficiency

During _____, the cell's nucleus duplicates itself and the cell divides. During _____, a specialized form of cell division occurs to form egg and sperm cells.

mitosis; meiosis

The evolutionary process by which the best-adapted individuals of a species survive and reproduce is called ______ selection. a. dominant b. natural c. adapted d. adaptive

natural

Which of the following is a genetic disorder in which an individual cannot properly metabolize a certain amino acid and, if left untreated, causes intellectual disability? a. sickle-cell anemia b. phenylketonuria (PKU) c. Huntington disease d. spina bifida

phenylketonuria (PKU)

Which genetic disorder occurs primarily in African Americans? a. Turner syndrome b. phenylketonuria (PKU) c. Down syndrome d. sickle cell anemia

sickle cell anemia

Prenatal diagnostic tests include all of the following EXCEPT a. amniocentesis b. the Apgar Scale c. ultrasound sonography d. fetal MRI

the apgar scale

How are characteristics that suit a species for survival transmitted from one generation to the next? a. The phenotype of both parents' and offsprings' genetic material b. The genetic code inherited from our parents c. The way in which the environment influences a gene pool d. The passage of susceptibility genes from parents to offspring

the genetic code inherited from our parents