PSY 452 Chapter 13

Glinda is sure that if her boyfriend proposes, she will feel elation. This is an example of an

expected emotion

Consider the following conditional syllogism: Premise 1: If I study, then I'll get a good grade. Premise 2: I got a good grade. Conclusion: Therefore, I studied. This syllogism is

invalid

The tendency to think that a syllogism is valid if its conclusion is believable is called the __________.

Belief bias

Which of the following statements would most likely invoke the operation of a permission schema?

If I get an A on my cognitive psychology exam, I can go out with my friends Saturday night

Consider the following argument: Observation: Here in Nashville, the sun has risen every morning. Conclusion: The sun is going to rise in Nashville tomorrow.

The argument is strong because there are a large number of observations

"You can't have any pudding unless you eat your meat," says a man to his son at the dinner This is an example of

a permission schema

Mia has lived in New York City all her She has noticed that people from upper Manhattan walk really fast, but people from lower Manhattan tend to walk slowly. Mia's observations are likely influenced from a judgment error based on her using

an illusory correlation

Wally and Sharon are out on a When Sharon asks Wally where they should go for dinner, Wally says "My coworkers keep telling me about that new Japanese place downtown, so it must be a great place to eat." Wally's response illustrates the use of a(n)

availability heuristic

Of the following real-world phenomena, the confirmation bias best explains the observation that people

can cite several reasons for their position on a controversial issue but none for the opposing side

If a motorcycle cop believes that young female drivers speed more than other drivers, he will likely notice young female drivers speeding in the fast lane but fail to notice young male or older drivers doing the In this case, the police officer's judgments are biased by the operation of the

confirmation bias

If you are given the information that in order to vote in a presidential election, you must be at least 18 years of age, and that Will voted in the last presidential election, you can logically conclude that Will is at least 18 years This is an example of using________ reasoning.

deductive

Sanfey and coworkers' "Ultimatum game" experiment revealed that people tended to make the _____ decision of ______.

irrational; accepting only high offers

Cecile has dreamed of owning her own home for years, and she can finally afford a small cottage in an older She notices that she feels more positive about her home when she drives home by the abandoned shacks, but she hates her home when driving past the fancy mansions with their large lawns. Cecile's emotions are influenced by

the framing effect

The conjunction rule states that

the probability of two events co-occurring is equal to or less than the probability of either event occurring alone

Consider the following syllogism: All cats are birds. All birds have wings. All cats have wings. This syllogism is

valid

People tend to overestimate

what negative feelings will occur following a decision more so than positive feelings