PSY 456
Approx what percent of americans are affiliated with a religious tradition?
90%
a "teachable moment" is one in which
an opportunity for learning arises out of ordinary experiences
Humanity received its name from the Latin root word humare, which means to
bury
According to Ulrich Beck, a German scholar and observer of the "cosmopolitan society," the human condition in the present century
cannot be understood nationally or locally but only globally
media experts say that the "reality violence" on TV news began with coverage of the
Vietnam Wat
Referring to a deceased individual as "that one" is an example of
name avoidance
The model of human development devised by Erikson focuses on
stages of psychosocial development
______ refers to strategies used to informally teach people about death and dying, involving an effort to change people's perceptions and behaviors
tactical socialization
What is an example of a homemade condolence?
comfort quilts
Hibakusha is a Japanese word meaning
explosion affected
Agents of socialization include
family/peers, school, religion
In reviewing the status of research and practice in thanatology, Herman Feifel points out that the
human mind operates on various levels of reality or finite provinces of meaning
What has been called the "oil of society"
humor
What are ways in which humor functions relative to death?
Raises consciousness, encourages togetherness, defuses anxiety
The first formal course in death education at an American university was held at
University of Minnesota in 1963
What has been characterized as the largest area of empirical research in thanatology?
death anxiety
What is the fallacy of making judgments about others in terms of ones own cultural assumptions and ideas
ethnocentrism
substitutions of vague words or phrases for ones considered harsh are
euphemisms
Which is NOT a factor that affect our familiarity with death?
political decision making
Human concern for the dead
predates written history
According to Jean Piaget, at what stage does a child learn to use language and symbolic thinking to understand the world?
preoperational
When asked " What makes things die?" a child responds "You can die if you swallow a dirty bug." According to Piagets theory, this child is probably in which developmental stage?
preoperational
In Eriksons model, appox what age marks the beginning of a child's moral sense?
preschool and kindergarden years
Define socialization
learning and internalizing the norms, rules, and values of the society in which a person lives
a feature length story on the death of someone famous is a/an
obituary
In 1963, the University of Minnesota
held the first formal course in death education
Hannelore Wass observes that the study of death and dying will
help individuals and societies transcend self-interest in favor of concern for others
The modern scientific approach to the study of death is usually traced to a symposium organized in 1956 by
Herman Feifel
In Eriksons model of psychosocial development, in what period is bodily mutilation and disfigurement one of he death related fears?
Initiative vs. guilt
According to Kastenbaum, what is defined as "the study of life with death left in"
Thanatology
In reviewing death anxiety research, Robert Kastenbaum says that it
allows individuals to enjoy the illusion that death has been studied
Themes of loss and death are heard in
classical music, American blues music, laments
What term do social scientists use to describe the phenomenon of societies falling behind in dealing with new challenges resulting from rapid technological and social change
cultural lag
Epidemiologic transition is BEST defined as the
shift in disease patterns characterized by a redistribution of deaths from the young to the old
Lullabies and nursery rhymes often contain
themes of death and violence
Regarding a mature concept of death, which of the following is true about universality?
All living things must eventually die
What can be defined as "all that in human society which is socially rather than biologically transmitted"
Culture
The establishment of death studies, in modern times, can be traced to explorations of death by
Freud
In Eriksons model, the years from about six to the beginning of puberty correspond to what stage?
Industry vs. inferiority
According to Eriksons theory, during which developmental stage do children increasingly seek their own direction and purpose?
Initiative vs. guilt
Where has the longest life expectancy of countries worldwide?
Japan
The Dies Irae (Day of Wrath) is a musical symbol of death found in
Liszt's Totentanz
What is the name of the Chinese version of Little Red Riding Hood or Granny Wolf?
Lon Po Po
What is NOT an example of the dimension of sociological thanatology
Pain and symptom control
By what age do most children understand that death is a changed state?
Preschool years
Which are considered dimensions of thanatology?
Psychological, Anthropological, Political
What is the largest ongoing community arts project in America?
The AIDS Memorial Quilt
Which is NOT cited in the text as a journal in the field of death and dying?
The Carnegie Journal of Death
What do some commentators call the new "porn star" of popular culture?
The corpse
What is NOT a musical expression associated with death
Veil tale
Which is NOT an example of Holocaust Literature
Walking Skeleton by Richard Shaw
Which best reflects children's understanding on John F Kennedy's assassination?
Younger children worried about the appearance of the presidents body and the effect of the death on his family
According to George Gerbner, the "mean world syndrome" describes depictions of death in the mass media as embedded in a structure of violence that conveys
a heightened sense of danger
The text cites the lullaby "Rockabye Baby" to illustrate the point that
a number of lullabies contain messages about human and animal death
Research about death anxiety indicates that it tends to be higher among
black than whites
The largest area of empirical research in thanatology is concerned with the measurement of attitudes toward death and dying and more particularly
death anxiety
brief standardized printed staments following the death of an average citizen are called
death notices
Snuffed, ate it, wasted, and croaked are all examples of
death talk
In traditional Hawaiian culture, mele kanikau may have been carefully composed or spontaneous and used
during the funeral procession
Avoiding words like dead or dying, instead of using phrases in which loved ones "pass away," the deceased is "laid to rest" and the corpse is "remains", is an example of
euphemisms
In Piaget's model, what phase is marked by formulating concepts that are abstract or symbolic?
formal operations
What is an example of resocialization
getting married
According to Kellehear's description and social history of dying, the meaning of death
has changed over time
In traditional societies, whether grief is expressed by loud wails or quiet tears, there is a common tendency to
have a deep respect for the soul of the dead
children who have had first hand encounters with death tend to
have a developmentally more mature understanding of death
In discussing how people understand death, the term "noncorporeal continuity" refers to the idea that
human beings survive in some form after the death of the physical body
After someone dies, conversations about that person move from present to past tense. This form of speech is called the
indicative voice
What is the form of speech acknowledging the reality of death while distancing us from the dead, for example, "He was fond of music?"
indicative voice
In Eriksons model, the years from about 6 to the beginning of puberty is sometimes known as the
industrial age
Musical expressions associated with death included
lament, keening, dirge
Suse Lowenstein's work Dark Elegy functions as a reminder that
life is fragile and survivors have to live with the loss
Even when curative treatments have ended, the effort to control circumstances around death and dying so that it comes out "right" is termed
managed death
Depictions of death in the mass media, in which the symbolic use of death contributes to an "irrational dread of dying and thus to a diminished vitality and self-direction in life" is referred to as
mean world syndrome
Deaths of the famous are likely to be announced on the newspaper's front page as well as via feature-length
obituaries
What subcomponent of universality makes explicit the understanding not only that all living things die but also that each living thing will die?
personal mortality
Thanatos, from Greek mythology, is generally understood as a response to the
personification of death
What term refers to the uprooting and restructuring of basic attitudes, values, or identities?
resocialization
All of the following tends to be an important influence on the development of children's attitudes toward death EXCEPT
rising funeral costs
In Piaget's model, the first two years of life are characterized as the
sensorimotor
in many traditional societies communication with the dead is facilitated by a
shaman
The acquisition of a mature understanding of death is part of the developmental process known as
socialization
In literature, the meaning of death is often explored as it relates to the individual as well as
society
While more young people than ever claim no religion, there seems to be a growing interest in
spirituality
What concept describes opportunities for learning that arise out of unplanned or unexpected occurrences
teachable moments
Research into death anxiety has been characterized by Kastenbaum as
thanatology's own assembly line
In his emphasis relevant to terror management theory, Ernest Becker addressed
the need to control our basic anxiety and to deny the terror of death
A mature concept of death involves
universality, irreversibility, and causality
In the study done by Helen Swain, what percentage of children said that death is unlikely or avoidable?
66%
In Gerbner's "mean world syndrome" the symbolic use of death contributes to
1) an irrational dread of dying 2) diminished vitality 3) diminished self-direction in life
Approximately how much has the average life expectancy in the US
30 years
I na study of nursery rhymes, approx what percentage describes ways in which humans or animals die or are mistreated
50%
Studies conducted in the early 1940s by Sylvia Anthony showed that children can give general explanations for death by what age?
9
Which theorist is associated with the developmental model that emphasizes changes in attitudes toward death during different psychosocial stages?
Erik Erikson
What are the 2 leading causes of death in the US?
Heart disease and cancer
Which describes a "cosmopolitan" society?
Ideas and practices from other historical periods and cultures are valued and examined
Which BEST describes the phrase "medical technology that seems to one person a godsend, extending life, may seem to another a curse?"
The effect of new technology involves personal and social consequences and tradeoffs
The story of Little Red riding Hood in Chinese tradition differs from the Western version in which of the following ways
The three children in the chinese version work together as a group to kill the wolf
Which are included in Ernest Becker's "four strands of emphasis" in terror management theory?
The world is a terrifying place; Because the terror of death is so overwhelming, we conspire to keep it unconscious; The basic motivation for human behavior is the need to control our basic anxiety, to deny the terror of death.
Jean Piaget's model of development emphasizes
cognitive transformations
According to erikson psychosocial development depends significantly on developing a sense of identity and is linked to the individuals
connectedness and independence