PSY 456

Approx what percent of americans are affiliated with a religious tradition?

90%

a "teachable moment" is one in which

an opportunity for learning arises out of ordinary experiences

Humanity received its name from the Latin root word humare, which means to

bury

According to Ulrich Beck, a German scholar and observer of the "cosmopolitan society," the human condition in the present century

cannot be understood nationally or locally but only globally

media experts say that the "reality violence" on TV news began with coverage of the

Vietnam Wat

Referring to a deceased individual as "that one" is an example of

name avoidance

The model of human development devised by Erikson focuses on

stages of psychosocial development

______ refers to strategies used to informally teach people about death and dying, involving an effort to change people's perceptions and behaviors

tactical socialization

What is an example of a homemade condolence?

comfort quilts

Hibakusha is a Japanese word meaning

explosion affected

Agents of socialization include

family/peers, school, religion

In reviewing the status of research and practice in thanatology, Herman Feifel points out that the

human mind operates on various levels of reality or finite provinces of meaning

What has been called the "oil of society"

humor

What are ways in which humor functions relative to death?

Raises consciousness, encourages togetherness, defuses anxiety

The first formal course in death education at an American university was held at

University of Minnesota in 1963

What has been characterized as the largest area of empirical research in thanatology?

death anxiety

What is the fallacy of making judgments about others in terms of ones own cultural assumptions and ideas

ethnocentrism

substitutions of vague words or phrases for ones considered harsh are

euphemisms

Which is NOT a factor that affect our familiarity with death?

political decision making

Human concern for the dead

predates written history

According to Jean Piaget, at what stage does a child learn to use language and symbolic thinking to understand the world?

preoperational

When asked " What makes things die?" a child responds "You can die if you swallow a dirty bug." According to Piagets theory, this child is probably in which developmental stage?

preoperational

In Eriksons model, appox what age marks the beginning of a child's moral sense?

preschool and kindergarden years

Define socialization

learning and internalizing the norms, rules, and values of the society in which a person lives

a feature length story on the death of someone famous is a/an

obituary

In 1963, the University of Minnesota

held the first formal course in death education

Hannelore Wass observes that the study of death and dying will

help individuals and societies transcend self-interest in favor of concern for others

The modern scientific approach to the study of death is usually traced to a symposium organized in 1956 by

Herman Feifel

In Eriksons model of psychosocial development, in what period is bodily mutilation and disfigurement one of he death related fears?

Initiative vs. guilt

According to Kastenbaum, what is defined as "the study of life with death left in"

Thanatology

In reviewing death anxiety research, Robert Kastenbaum says that it

allows individuals to enjoy the illusion that death has been studied

Themes of loss and death are heard in

classical music, American blues music, laments

What term do social scientists use to describe the phenomenon of societies falling behind in dealing with new challenges resulting from rapid technological and social change

cultural lag

Epidemiologic transition is BEST defined as the

shift in disease patterns characterized by a redistribution of deaths from the young to the old

Lullabies and nursery rhymes often contain

themes of death and violence

Regarding a mature concept of death, which of the following is true about universality?

All living things must eventually die

What can be defined as "all that in human society which is socially rather than biologically transmitted"

Culture

The establishment of death studies, in modern times, can be traced to explorations of death by

Freud

In Eriksons model, the years from about six to the beginning of puberty correspond to what stage?

Industry vs. inferiority

According to Eriksons theory, during which developmental stage do children increasingly seek their own direction and purpose?

Initiative vs. guilt

Where has the longest life expectancy of countries worldwide?

Japan

The Dies Irae (Day of Wrath) is a musical symbol of death found in

Liszt's Totentanz

What is the name of the Chinese version of Little Red Riding Hood or Granny Wolf?

Lon Po Po

What is NOT an example of the dimension of sociological thanatology

Pain and symptom control

By what age do most children understand that death is a changed state?

Preschool years

Which are considered dimensions of thanatology?

Psychological, Anthropological, Political

What is the largest ongoing community arts project in America?

The AIDS Memorial Quilt

Which is NOT cited in the text as a journal in the field of death and dying?

The Carnegie Journal of Death

What do some commentators call the new "porn star" of popular culture?

The corpse

What is NOT a musical expression associated with death

Veil tale

Which is NOT an example of Holocaust Literature

Walking Skeleton by Richard Shaw

Which best reflects children's understanding on John F Kennedy's assassination?

Younger children worried about the appearance of the presidents body and the effect of the death on his family

According to George Gerbner, the "mean world syndrome" describes depictions of death in the mass media as embedded in a structure of violence that conveys

a heightened sense of danger

The text cites the lullaby "Rockabye Baby" to illustrate the point that

a number of lullabies contain messages about human and animal death

Research about death anxiety indicates that it tends to be higher among

black than whites

The largest area of empirical research in thanatology is concerned with the measurement of attitudes toward death and dying and more particularly

death anxiety

brief standardized printed staments following the death of an average citizen are called

death notices

Snuffed, ate it, wasted, and croaked are all examples of

death talk

In traditional Hawaiian culture, mele kanikau may have been carefully composed or spontaneous and used

during the funeral procession

Avoiding words like dead or dying, instead of using phrases in which loved ones "pass away," the deceased is "laid to rest" and the corpse is "remains", is an example of

euphemisms

In Piaget's model, what phase is marked by formulating concepts that are abstract or symbolic?

formal operations

What is an example of resocialization

getting married

According to Kellehear's description and social history of dying, the meaning of death

has changed over time

In traditional societies, whether grief is expressed by loud wails or quiet tears, there is a common tendency to

have a deep respect for the soul of the dead

children who have had first hand encounters with death tend to

have a developmentally more mature understanding of death

In discussing how people understand death, the term "noncorporeal continuity" refers to the idea that

human beings survive in some form after the death of the physical body

After someone dies, conversations about that person move from present to past tense. This form of speech is called the

indicative voice

What is the form of speech acknowledging the reality of death while distancing us from the dead, for example, "He was fond of music?"

indicative voice

In Eriksons model, the years from about 6 to the beginning of puberty is sometimes known as the

industrial age

Musical expressions associated with death included

lament, keening, dirge

Suse Lowenstein's work Dark Elegy functions as a reminder that

life is fragile and survivors have to live with the loss

Even when curative treatments have ended, the effort to control circumstances around death and dying so that it comes out "right" is termed

managed death

Depictions of death in the mass media, in which the symbolic use of death contributes to an "irrational dread of dying and thus to a diminished vitality and self-direction in life" is referred to as

mean world syndrome

Deaths of the famous are likely to be announced on the newspaper's front page as well as via feature-length

obituaries

What subcomponent of universality makes explicit the understanding not only that all living things die but also that each living thing will die?

personal mortality

Thanatos, from Greek mythology, is generally understood as a response to the

personification of death

What term refers to the uprooting and restructuring of basic attitudes, values, or identities?

resocialization

All of the following tends to be an important influence on the development of children's attitudes toward death EXCEPT

rising funeral costs

In Piaget's model, the first two years of life are characterized as the

sensorimotor

in many traditional societies communication with the dead is facilitated by a

shaman

The acquisition of a mature understanding of death is part of the developmental process known as

socialization

In literature, the meaning of death is often explored as it relates to the individual as well as

society

While more young people than ever claim no religion, there seems to be a growing interest in

spirituality

What concept describes opportunities for learning that arise out of unplanned or unexpected occurrences

teachable moments

Research into death anxiety has been characterized by Kastenbaum as

thanatology's own assembly line

In his emphasis relevant to terror management theory, Ernest Becker addressed

the need to control our basic anxiety and to deny the terror of death

A mature concept of death involves

universality, irreversibility, and causality

In the study done by Helen Swain, what percentage of children said that death is unlikely or avoidable?

66%

In Gerbner's "mean world syndrome" the symbolic use of death contributes to

1) an irrational dread of dying 2) diminished vitality 3) diminished self-direction in life

Approximately how much has the average life expectancy in the US

30 years

I na study of nursery rhymes, approx what percentage describes ways in which humans or animals die or are mistreated

50%

Studies conducted in the early 1940s by Sylvia Anthony showed that children can give general explanations for death by what age?

9

Which theorist is associated with the developmental model that emphasizes changes in attitudes toward death during different psychosocial stages?

Erik Erikson

What are the 2 leading causes of death in the US?

Heart disease and cancer

Which describes a "cosmopolitan" society?

Ideas and practices from other historical periods and cultures are valued and examined

Which BEST describes the phrase "medical technology that seems to one person a godsend, extending life, may seem to another a curse?"

The effect of new technology involves personal and social consequences and tradeoffs

The story of Little Red riding Hood in Chinese tradition differs from the Western version in which of the following ways

The three children in the chinese version work together as a group to kill the wolf

Which are included in Ernest Becker's "four strands of emphasis" in terror management theory?

The world is a terrifying place; Because the terror of death is so overwhelming, we conspire to keep it unconscious; The basic motivation for human behavior is the need to control our basic anxiety, to deny the terror of death.

Jean Piaget's model of development emphasizes

cognitive transformations

According to erikson psychosocial development depends significantly on developing a sense of identity and is linked to the individuals

connectedness and independence