PSYC 2301 chapter 3

________ best explains those high-frequency sounds that are above 1,000 times per second.

A combination of frequency and place theory

Depth perception involves

A. perceiving three dimensions

Cones

Are receptor cell that are used for color perception

Linda is studying while listening to her iPod. She notices that when she raises the volume 5 decibels when the volume is initially low, the change is very noticeable. However, then the volume is initially high, increasing the volume by 5 decibels doesn't result mas noticeable of change in sound. This phenomenon is best explained by_______. A. the volley principle B. Weber's law C. perceptual constancy D. selective attention

B. Weber's law

Mrs. Johnson's third grade class is creating a model of their school grounds. Each group of students is responsible for different aspects of the model. Some are cutting cardboard, some are painting, and some are making miniature figurines out of play-doh. Eventually Mrs. Johnson will combine all these elements into a finished product. When of the following visual processes in the brain is this scenario most analogous to?

Binding

Each key on a touch-tone telephone makes a slightly different sound when touched. This difference is due to the pitch of sound produced by each key. The difference in pitch is determined by the _________ of the sound waves coming from each key.

Frequency

Identify an example of precognition

George senses a future event at a party

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the trichromatic theory of color vision?

It cannot adequately explain afterimages.

Identify the true statement about the line of the ear

It is funnel shaped and is the visible part of the ear

Jenny is a little girl whose experience of pain is different from other children her age. She does not have quick reactions to pain that help her avoid painful situations, such as pressing a pin between her fingers or biting down on her hand. However, she is able to feel the prolonged pain from these injuries. Which of the following provides the most likely explanation for Jenny's responsiveness to pain?

Jenny's fast pathway does not function as well as her slow pathway.

In the context of the visual system, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the need for the functioning of rods in the retina?

Marcus is trying to find his seat in the dark in a movie theater.

In depth perception, familiar size and relative size, height in field of view, and shading are examples of

Monocular cues

Which of the following is true about pain receptors?

Pain receptors react mainly to physical stimuli that distort them or to chemical stimuli that irritate them into action

The multilayered light-sensitive surface in the eye that records electromagnetic energy and converts it to neural impulses for processing in the brain known as the

Retina

Which of the followings statements o. True of the rods in the eye's retina?

Rods are found everywhere except in the fovea

Lauren is at the airport waiting to board her flight. She initiated a friendly conversation with another passenger. Despite the noise at the airport and multiple announcements being made at the same time, Lauren is able to focus on what the passenger is saying. This scenario best demonstration the

Sensory adaptation

Which of the following explains the ability of an animal to distinguish among sight, sound, odor, taste, and touch?

Sensory receptors are selective and have different neural pathways.

If we see a German Shepherd standing 30 feet from us, we perceive that it is just as big as it was when it was much closer to us. This is primarily due to

Size constancy

In the context of sensory receptors, chemoreceptors most likely occurs when a person

Smells a rose

Which of the following statements is true of the structure of the eye?

The curved surface of the cornea does most of the bending of the light.

When part of an eye usually acts like the aperture of a camera, opening and closing depending on the amount of light required to enter the eye?

The pupil

Gary is watching a movie. He can hear the dialogue at all times except when the actors are whispering in a scene. This is because the actors' whispers are too soft for Gary to hear. In other words, the whispers are most likely below the level of Gary's

absolute threshold

Michael, a famous musician, is designing a new apartment that will serve as both his residence and his recording studio. Since the music studio shares a wall with his bedroom, Michael wants to be sure that the recording studio is soundproof. This means that Michael wants to be sure that sound from the studio is well under his _____ while he is in his bedroom.

absolute threshold

The purpose of parallel processing is to

allow sensory information to travel rapidly through the brain's

Which of the following sensory processes is most activated when a person is tasting food that is extremely salty?

chemoreception

In the visual system, the main function of rods and cones is to

convert light into electrochemical impulses

Which of the following is the unit of measurement for assessing loudness?

decibel

The _______ is the principle by which we organize the perceptual field into stimuli that stand out and those that are left over.

figure-ground relationship

The major function of the ______ is to amplify vibrations and pass them on to the inner ear.

hammer, anvil, stirrup

Place theory states that

in hearing, each frequency produces vibrations at a particular spot on the basilar membrane.

The cochlea is part of the

inner ear

Perceptual constancy refers to our ability to

see an object as the same size even though we move closer to it or farther from it

While walking barefoot on the beach, the physical pain one experiences when stepping on a jellyfish most accurately exemplifies

sensation

_______ is the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment and transforming those energies into neural energy.

sensation

When Carlos first jumped into the pool, he thought the water was very cold. Although the actual temperature of the pool remained constant, after a few minutes Carlos no longer complained about feeling cold. This change is his reaction to the temperature of the water is an example of

sensory adaptation

A door is still perceived as a rectangle even after we view it from different angles. This is due to

shape constancy

Which of the following actions involves the application of chemical senses?

smelling a flower

The factor that differentiates top-down processing from bottom-up processing is that, top-down processing

starts with cognitive processing in brain

You touch a baby's forehead and realize that he feels warm and must have a fever. What type of sensory receptors relayed information about the baby's temperature to your brain?

thermoreceptors