PSYC 4250 Exam 4

What percentage of drugs are kept off the U.S. market due to the United States' current supply reduction approach (i.e., the ""War on Drugs"")?

10-15%

Inhaling alcohol can cause

All of the above. A mild high, vomiting and headaches.

Contaminated needles spread which disease(s)?

All of the above. HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, chlamydia.

Which statement is true about cell phone use?

All of the above. Nomophobia is the fear of being without one's cell phone. Texting while driving is considered six times more dangerous than driving drunk. Some people measure their self-esteem by the activity of their cell phone.

Which of the following statements is true of college students who gamble?

College students have a higher rate of pathological gambling than the general public.

Which drug is associated with a 20 year decrease of life span?

HGH (human growth hormone)

Which of the following statements is true concerning the U.S. prison population?

Nearly 50% of the inmates in federal prisons were sentenced for drug offenses.

What is another name for laughing gas

None of the above. (Ether, Ethene, Carbon dioxide)

Which of the following statements are true regarding erectile dysfunction drugs such as Viagra (sildenafil citrate), Cialis (tadalafil), and Levitra (vardenafil)?

The drugs enhance nitric oxide levels, which support the functioning of erectile tissue

Which statement about compulsive behaviors is true?

The reasons for compulsive behaviors are identical to those for compulsive drug use.

Almost half of all teenagers who are very sexually active have had which sexually transmitted disease, often without knowing it?

chlamydia

What is a major reason why some people become compulsive shoppers (develop oniomania)?

depression

Which neurotransmitter regulates mood, emotional behavior, motor control, and orgasms?

dopamine

Carriers of a DRD2A1 allele gene have an excess of dopamine receptors.

false

Pathological gamblers rarely have other addictions.

false

The harmful effects of steroids reverse over time as the body produces it's own hormones.

false

The majority of the U.S. national drug control budget is allocated to demand reduction.

false

The pharmacologic effects of inhalants are long lasting

false

The phrase supply reduction refers to prevention programs that prevent people from wanting to use illicit drugs.

false

The rate of heavy drinking is lower among military personnel than among society as a whole.

false

The reasons why people engage in compulsive behaviors is different from the reasons why they use psychoactive drugs.

false

Unlike opiates, steroids do not have distinct withdrawal symptoms.

false

Almost half of all inhalant deaths are due to:

gasoline

The three main prevention methods used are

harm reduction, supply reduction, and demand reduction

Which disorder is similar to compulsive shopping?

hoarding

The three parts of the public health model used to explain the prevention model are

host, environment, and agent

Huffing is

inhaling through a soaked-cloth

The most common route of administration for steroids is

injection

Which is a primary reason for sexual addictions?

low self-worth

Symptoms of an inhalant hangover include:

only b and c. headaches and nausea.

When does a compulsive shopper experience the highest level of excitement?

right before deciding to purchase an item

Which level(s) of prevention is/are most likely to include intervention?

secondary and tertiary prevention

Drugs that stimulate which neurotransmitter have the potential to treat sexual addiction?

serotonin

The sensation of a big win for a gambler is the equivalent of

the first intense rush from cocaine

According to the textbook, the "lag phase" refers to which of the following statements?

the time between initial use of alcohol or other drugs and the development of severe consequences due to the use or abuse of the substance

Which condition found in a drug addict is not found in a compulsive gambler?

tissue dependence

A compulsive gambler can also be a problem or pathological gambler.

true

Addiction is an equal-opportunity destroyer.

true

Alcohol or other drugs are involved in 70% of teen suicides.

true

An important lesson from all primary prevention programs is that to be successful a program must be continual. One-year attempts at inoculating students against alcohol/drug use have not been effective enough.

true

Children who grow up in a home with a drug-using or alcohol-abusing family member take on distinctive roles that affect their personalities.

true

College students have a higher rate of problem/pathological gambling than the general population.

true

Embalming fluid (formaldehyde), used to preserve dead bodies for funerals and burial, can also be used to create a PCP-like high.

true

Excess hair and decreased breast size are found in female steroid users.

true

In the United States, Black Americans with drug problems have a higher rate of incarceration and are likely to receive treatment through the criminal justice system, whereas Whites are more likely to receive probation and treatment from medical and social service programs.

true

Inhalant effects resemble those of alcohol and sedative intoxication.

true

One reason why abusing pressurized inhalants is dangerous is because inhaling them directly from their containers can freeze lung tissue.

true

People compulsively overeat in response to feelings and emotions, not hunger.

true

Regular survey data collection and analysis of alcohol and other drug use provide a benchmark to measure the effectiveness of prevention efforts and policies.

true

Tests for the use of drugs can be conducted using a person's urine, blood, hair, saliva, or sweat.

true

The inability to resist an impulse that is originally pleasurable but ends up becoming harmful is called an impulse-control disorder.

true

The military has one of the most widespread drug-testing programs in the country.

true

The refinement of carbohydrates has resulted in the same types of effects on obesity that the refinement of cocaine has had on cocaine addiction.

true

The use of an addictive substance (such as alcohol and other drugs) at an early age changes vulnerable brain functions and increases a person's likelihood of developing an addiction.

true

When drug use is studied on a regional basis, the facts show that per-capita drug use in rural and small urban areas is equal to, and in some areas more than, that of large urban areas.

true