PSYC CHAPTER 10 Learning curve

Children are MOST likely to model their sex roles after:

their parents.

Ellen and Andrew have just sent 4-year-old Stephen to the corner to sit in a chair apart from his brothers because he was not listening to his parents. They will have him stay in the chair for 4 minutes. They are using the discipline technique called:

time-out

Of Mildred Parten's five types of play, which did she believe was the MOST advanced?

cooperative

Leo is 4 years old. He knows that he has a penis and that his dad does, too. The biology of Leo and his father is reflective of their:

sex

The biological differences between males and females are referred to as _____ differences.

sex

Parallel play appears _____ in the order of Mildred Parten's progression of social play.

3rd

Solitary play appears _____ in the order of Mildred Parten's progression of social play.

1st

Gerald and Jennifer are having a play date. Of the toys presented to them, Gerald shows a preference for the balls and blocks, while Jennifer shows a preference for the dolls and art activities. It is likely that Gerald and Jennifer are about age:

4

Which is NOT a benefit of sociodramatic play?

Children can strengthen their muscles.

Dr. Perkins is a college professor. He is frustrated when students ask whether text or lecture material will be covered on the next test. Dr. Perkins would prefer students to be interested in learning the material for its own sake. In other words, Dr. Perkins prefers his students to be _____ motivated.

Dr. Perkins is a college professor. He is frustrated when students ask whether text or lecture material will be covered on the next test. Dr. Perkins would prefer students to be interested in learning the material for its own sake. In other words, Dr. Perkins prefers his students to be _____ motivated.

_____ refers to the understanding of the feelings and concerns of others, and antipathy refers to anger, distrust, and dislike toward another person.

Empathy

Five-year-old Liam has been acting strangely lately. He clings to his mother and expresses jealous feelings toward his father, almost as if his father is a rival for his mother's love. Freud would suggest that Liam is experiencing:

Oedipus complex

According to Diana Baumrind, _____ is the caregiving dimension reflecting how parents explain, criticize, punish, and persuade.

strategies for discipline

Discipline and expectations of maturity are both moderate in _____ caregiving.

authoritative

Luca's parents set firm rules but are responsive to his needs. They give him a chance to explain himself, and they also explain their position on why they cannot allow him to stay out past midnight. Luca's parents have a(n) ______ parenting style.

authoritative

Which is an example of parallel play?

children play in similar ways but not together

In one set of experiments described in the textbook, some 4- to 7-year-old boys were told that boys in general are good at a particular game, whereas others were told that a particular boy was good at it. The boys who were told that boys in general were good at the game "felt less happy and less competent, liked the game less, [and] were less persistent" (Cimpian, 2013, p. 272). The passage in quotations makes reference to _____ variables.

dependent

Tabitha is crying at the day-care center as her mother is leaving. Stephen goes up to his teacher and says in a worried voice, "Tabitha is sad because her mommy went to work." Stephen is displaying:

empathy.

According to Diana Baumrind, _____ is the dimension in which parents communicate their love and care to a child.

expressions of warmth

Rianne has to choose between returning to graduate school to pursue her love of philosophy or going to work for a bank in town. Although she does not enjoy banking, she knows that she will receive a good salary and benefits there. If Rianne decides to take the position at the bank, she is exhibiting _____ motivation.

extrinsic

Erik Erikson called the negative consequence of his third developmental stage:

guilt

"It's not nice to take your friends' toys without asking. You would feel angry if Lenny took your games without telling you," Tammy tells her son. Tammy is using a discipline technique called:

induction

Reese is 4 years old. Over the last few years, she has been excitedly learning new skills and trying new things. Reese feels confident in her ability to do almost anything and has been fairly successful in learning these skills. She can tie her shoes, knows all her colors and the alphabet, and loves playing tag with her siblings. Erik Erikson would most likely say that Reese is developing:

initiative.

A security guard is shot during an attempted robbery of a jewelry store. The guard's shooting exemplifies the thieves' _____ aggression.

instrumental

Fourteen-year-old Juliana enjoys playing the piano and never needs prompting from her parents to practice. She writes music and plays the piano several times a day. She tells her parents that she plays because she enjoys creating music. Juliana plays the piano because of _____ motivation.

intrinsic

What discipline technique is considered a human rights violation and is therefore illegal in many countries around the world?

physical punishment

Five-year-old Edward approaches a new student in his school and invites him to join in a game that he is playing with other children. Edward is displaying:

prosocial behavior

After a visiting team hockey player slams a home team player into the boards lining the rink, the home team player shoves the visiting player. This home team player's action illustrates _____ aggression.

reactive

Between ages 2 and 6, instrumental aggression increases in frequency. Over this period, ______ aggression decreases in frequency.

reactive

A high school athlete attempts to "psych out" his counterpart on a rival team by spreading a vicious social media rumor ahead of an important game. This example illustrates _____ aggression.

relational

A child's internal framework for understanding gender is called gender _____.

schema

Of Mildred Parten's five types of play, she believed the LEAST advanced is ______ play.

solitary