Psyc312 Test 3

late adolescence to early 20's

A sense of identity is typically crystallized

psychosocial moratorium

According to Erikson, a necessary "time out" for adolescents is called

Dates

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their

6 months

During the second phase of romance (14-16) relationships last approximately

extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience

Five Factor Model of Personality

true

Having an intimate relationship with peers leads to less closeness with parents

Diffuse/Avoidant Orientation

Individuals who procrastinate and avoid making identity related decisions

self-conception

Maria describes herself as an only child, as a person who likes art and music, who is shy, and who likes to read. Maria's description fits best with the idea of

Preconventional Moral Reasoning

Moral thinking based on the consequences of one's choices or actions

Agency

The sense that one has an impact on their own world is their sense of

emotional, behavioral, cognitive

Three types of autonomy

Secure Attachment

a healthy attachment between infant and caregiver, characterized by trust

platonic

a nonsexual, nonromantic friendship is called

psychosocial moratorium

a period during which individuals are free from excessive obligations and responsibilities and can therefore experiment with different roles and personalities

sexual orientation

a person's romantic or sexual attraction to other people is their

disorganized attachment

a type of attachment that is marked by an infant's inconsistent reactions to the caregiver's departure and return

false self behavior

acting in a way one knows is inauthentic

communicating with their friends

adolescents spend more time ________ than anything else

Identity Diffusion

an incoherant, disjointed, incomplete sense of self

anxious-resistant attachment

an insecure attachment between infant and caregiver, characterized by distress at separation and anger at reunion

anxious-avoidant attachment

an insecure attachment between infant and caregiver, characterized by indifference on the part of the infant toward the caregiver

differentiated

as adolescents develop, their self-conceptions become more

Emotional Autonomy

by the end of adolescence, people are far less emotionally dependent on their parents

cross sectional studies

comparing individuals of different ages

decreases

during late adolescence, the susceptibility to peer pressure

gender role behavior

extent to which an individual behaves in traditionally masculine or feminine ways

longitudinal studies

following the same individuals over a period of time

Rejection Sensitivity

heightened vulnerability to being rejected by others

identity diffused adolescents

high in neuroticism, low in openness, low in agreeableness

identity achievers

higher in extroversion and low in neuroticism

Neuroticism

how anxious and tense one is

Openness to Experience

how curious and imaginative one is

racial centrality

how important race is in defining your identity

Agreeableness

how kind or sympathetic one is

self-consciousness

how much a person worries about their self image

Extraversion

how outgoing and energetic someone is

self esteem

how positively or negatively an individual views themselves

Conscientiousness

how responsible and self-disciplined you are

private regard

how you feel about being a member of your race

public regard

how you think others view your race

how individuals think others feel about their race

in the multidimensional model of racial identity, public regard is

Informational Orientation

individuals actively seek information and approach identity related decisions with an open mind

personal choice rather than ethical dilemma

individuals are more likely to engage in risky behavior when they see the behavior as

Normative Orientation

individuals who attempt to conform to family and other social expectations and try to get identity related decisions over as quickly as possible

Civic Engagement

involvement in political and community affairs

foreclosed adolescents

low in openess

immigrant paradox

many immigrant children do far better than we might expect at school

Conventional Moral Reasoning

moral thinking based on a desire to please others or to follow accepted rules and values

Postconventional Moral Reasoning

moral thinking based on carefully examined and self-chosen moral principles

psychological control

parents that attempts to control the adolescent's emotions and opinions

social matters

peers usually have more influence than parents over decisions regarding

Gender Intensification Hypothesis

pressure to behave in sex-appropriate ways during adolescence

civic engagement

prosocial behavior that entails involvement in political and community affairs is called

over-sensitivity to romantic rejection

rejection sensitivity is a term that psychologists use to describe

religious development

religiosity and spirituality are the two components of

Future Orientation

the ability and tendency to consider the long-term consequences of one's decisions and imagine what one's life might be like in the years to come

Behavioral Autonomy

the ability to act independantly

ethnic identity

the aspect of individuals' sense of identity concerning ancestry or racial group membership

Religiosity

the degree to which one engages in religious practices

Spirituality

the degree to which one places importance on the quest for answers to questions about God and the meaning of life

stability

the extent to which individuals relative ranking within a group on a particular trait stays more or less the same over time

Identity Achievement

the individual has established a coherent sense of identity

Moratoruim

the individual is in the midst of a period of exploration

internal working model

the initial attachment relationship forms the basis for the model of interpersonal relationships we employ throughout our lives

gender identity

the personal sense of one's own gender

Identity Foreclosure

the premature establishment of a sense of identity, before sufficient role experimentation has occurred

ethnic socialization

the process parents use to try to teach their children about their ethnic or racial identity

Detachment

the process through which adolescents sever emotional attachments to their parents or other authority figures

individuation

the progressive sharpening of an individual's sense of being an autonomous, independent person

autonomy

the psychosocial domain concerning the development and expression of independence is called

Negative Identity

the selection of an identity that is obviously undesirable in the eyes of significant others and the broader community

attachment

the strong affectional bond that develops between an infant and a caregiver

Possible Selves

the various alternative identities that adolescents may adopt

Self-Conceptions

traits and attributes that individuals see in themselves

girls

which gender are more vulnerable to disturbances of self image

girls

which gender is less susceptible to peer pressure

sense of identity

who one is, where one has come from, and where one is going

Sullivan

who presented an important theoretical perspectives on the development of intimacy