PSYCH 101 chapter 4

A state of ________, as shown by EEG recordings of new practitioners, is not an altered state of consciousness; however, patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness.

meditation

What hormone does the pineal gland release?

melatonin

Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________.

narcolepsy

Who described the collective unconscious?

Carl Jung

Which of the following is an example of wakefulness?

Jemma, competing in a marathon

Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.

REM

Which theorist described dreams as having manifest and latent content?

Sigmund Freud

Shyla experiences a long delay between the time that she goes to bed and the time that she actually falls asleep. In addition, she wakes up several times during the night and has difficulty getting back to sleep. To diagnose Shyla with insomnia, it is necessary that she experiences these symptoms________.

at least three nights a week for one month

Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A psychologist would say they have different ________.

chronotypes

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world.

circadian

The ________ rhythm is the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours.

circadian

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity.

depressant

When Brady is hot he sweats. When Brady is cold, he gets goose bumps on his skin so he will warm up more quickly. This is an example of how the body tries to achieve ________.

homeostasis

Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system?

homeostasis

Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of________.

parasomnias

Uncomfortable sensations in the leg during periods of inactivity are a symptom of ________ leg syndrome.

restless

Hamid is a 9-1-1 operator. When the blizzard began, he was told he would have to stay and work three extra shifts to cover for coworkers who were not able to drive to work through the storm. After 32 hours of exhausting work, he makes it home and discovers he is unable to fall asleep no matter how hard he tries. Hamid may be experiencing ________.

sleep rebound

In a ________ dream, people become aware that they are dreaming and can control the dream's content.

lucid

Nancy is aware that she is dreaming when she has a nightmare, so she concentrates and changes her dream from bad to good. This is a good example of ________ dreaming.

lucid

Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Samek may have ________.

narcolepsyD.REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)

Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same affect. This is an example of ________.

tolerance

Which of the following is a symptom of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)?

kicking and punching while asleep

Marlowe wakes up from a dream about his teeth falling out. He looks in a dream dictionary and finds losing teeth is usually dream symbolism for anxiety. Marlowe is focused on the ________ content.

latent

The hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content.

latent

Isla is describing her dream to a friend. She explains that in her dream she being chased by zombies and she escaped them by hiding in a refrigerator. Her description of her dream is focused on ________ content.

manifest

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________.

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

NREM sleep is a period of sleep ________.

outside periods of REM sleep

Sleepwalking is also referred to as ________.

somnambulism

Physical dependence on a drug is indicated by the user experiencing ________ as a result of discontinuing use of the drug.

changes in normal bodily function

The sleep cycle is an example of a(n) ________ rhythm.

circadian

Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________.

consciousness

Melatonin release is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________.

darkness; light

The sleep debt is the result of ________.

insufficient sleep on a chronic basis

Feeling pain, hunger, thirst, sleepiness, and being aware of our thoughts and emotions are all examples of ________ stimuli.

internal

_______ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role.

parasomnia