PSYCH 101 Mid-Term 1
Gestalt
"the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" (optical illusions)
Sympathetic
Activate "fight or flight." Gets body ready to fight.
Too little of acetylcholine (Ach)
Alzheimer's
Parasympathetic
Calms body down after an event
Antagonists
Decreases neurotransmitter effect, less likely to trigger a neural impulse in the receiving neuron.
"Runner's High" / How sensitive to pain you are.
Endorphins
One way of stopping the activity of neurotransmitters is to have them bind permantenly to the receptors on the postsynaptic membrane.
False
Humanistic
Free will, personal growth
Too little of this causes seizures
GABA
Too much causes seizures
Glutamate
Cognitive
How mental processes influence behavior (thoughts)
Behaviorism
Human behavior can be explained through observable phenomena only. BF Skinner, Ivan Pavlov, Locke, Torndike. Law of Effect (rats)
Agonists
Increases neurotransmitter effect, more likely that the message will be passed.
Too much acetylcholine
Muscle convulsions
Causes alertness, mood and arousal
Norepinephrine
Too little dopamine?
Parkinson's
Dendrites
Receiving, input of a neuron
Too much dopamine?
Schizophrenia
Aggressive behavior, depression, mood, regulate sleep/wake
Serotonin
peripheral nervous system
Somatic (sympathetic, parasympathetic) and autonomic
Left undisturbed, neurotransmitter molecules in the synaptic gap will continue to bind, unbind, and rebind to receptor sites, continuously sending their message.
True
Reuptake is the process of removing neurotransmitter molecules from the synaptic gap by absorbing them back into the axon terminal so that they can be released when the next neural impulse arrives.
True
Functionalism
Why we do what we do, roots in evolution. William James
external validity
Will the experiment work in real life, too?
myeline sheath
a layer of fatty insulation that surrounds the axon
All-or-none law
action potentials occur either at a uniform intensity or they do not occur at all.
corpus callosum
band of neurons carrying messages between hemispheres. Connects the left and right brain
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
Structuralism
building blocks of the mind, introspection. Wilhelm Wundt
medulla
controls breathing, heartbeat, and other vital functions
cerebellum
coordinates movement and balance; involved in simple forms of learning
sociocultural
how the presence of others influences behavior (socialization)
frontal lobe
initiates speech and muscle movements; involved in making plans and decisions.
Acetylcholine
involved in voluntary motor control, memory, regulation of attention, learning, sleeping, and dreaming
Cell Body (soma)
part of a neuron
absolute refractory period
period immediately following the action potential, membrane is not excitable and cannot discharge another impulse.
pons
plays a role in sleep and in coordinating movements
temporal lobe
processes sensory input for hearing
parietal lobe
processes sensory input for touch and body position
occipital lobe
processes sensory input for vision
synapse
region between axon of one neuron between another
Dopamine
regulates motor behavior, motivation, pleasure and emotional arousal
thalamus
relays sensory messages to the cortex for processing
synapse
tiny gap between the axon terminal and the next neuron.
axon
transmits info, conduct away from cell body
