Psych 405 Exam 2

A property of control processes in the modal model of memory is that they

may differ from one task to another

People who suffer from alcohol abuse may suffer from brought on by Korsakoff's syndrome, and be unable to form new long-term memories

amnesia

Which example below best demonstrates state-dependent learning?

Although Emily doesn't very often think about her first love, Steve, she can't help getting caught up in happy memories when "their song" (the first song they danced to) plays on the radio

The memory mechanism Hebb proposed is associated with

Both changes at the synapse and long-term potentiation

Mantyla's "banana / yellow, bunches, edible" experiment demonstrates that, for best memory performance, retrieval cues should be created

By the person whose memory memory will be tested

According to the approach to memory, what people report as memories is based on what actually happened plus additional factors such as other knowledge, experiences, and expectations

Constructive

Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear by preventing rehearsal from taking place?

Counting backward for 30 seconds before recall

In the "War of the Ghosts" experiment, participants' reproductions contained inaccuracies based on

Cultural Expectations

Treatment of PTSD has benefitted from recent research on

Reconsolidation

Models designed to explain mental functioning are constantly refined and modified to explain new results. Which of the following exemplifies this concept based on the results presented in your text?

Replacing the STM component of the modal model with working memory

Asking people to recall the most influential events that happened during their college careers shows that in people's lives appear to be particularly memorable

Transition points

Phonological similarity effect

confusion of letters or words that sound similar

Brief sensory memory for sound is known as

echoic memory

Work with brain-injured patients reveals that memory does not depend on conscious memory.

implicit and procedural

_______ occurs when reading a sentence leads a person to expect something that is not explicitly stated or necessarily implied by the sentence.

pragmatic inference

Research on monkeys has shown that the part of the brain most closely associated with working memory is the

prefrontal cortex

Suppose you (a student) are asked by a teacher to learn a poem you will recite in front of your class. Soon after, both you and a classmate, J.P., are asked by another teacher to learn the lyrics to an unfamiliar song. When you and J.P. are later asked to remember the song lyrics, you have a much more difficult time recalling them than J.P. does. This impairment of your performance is most likely attributable to

proactive interference

Your friend has been sick for several days, so you go over to her home to make her some chicken soup. Searching for a spoon, you first reach in a top drawer beside the dishwasher. Then, you turn to the big cupboard beside the stove to search for a pan. In your search, you have relied on a kitchen

schema

Observations that people may actually process and manipulate information rather than simply store it for brief periods of time challenged the conceptualization of

short-term memory

Proactive interference

the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information

Observer perspective

the number of landmarks you know/remember increases distance estimates

Murdoch's "remembering a list" experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for _________ of a list.

First five and last five words

Flashbulb memory is best represented by which of the following statements?

It is memory for the circumstances surrounding how a person heard about an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time.

Your book discusses the memory functioning of patient H.M. who underwent brain surgery to relieve severe epileptic seizures. H.M.'s case has been extremely informative to psychologists by demonstrating that...

STM can operate normally while LTM is impaired

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates how effective or ineffective maintenance rehearsal is in transferring information into LTM?

Serena's keys were stolen from her purse. She cannot give a detailed description of her keychain to the police, even though she used it every day for three years

Iconic memory

a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second

Memory for a word will tend to be better if the word is used in a complex sentence (like "the bicycle was blue, with high handlebars and a racing seat") rather than a simple sentence (like "he rode the bicycle"). This probably occurs because the complex sentence

creates more connections

According to Tulving, the defining properties of the experience of episodic memory is that

it involves mental time travel

Prospective Memory

remembering to do something in the future