psych ch. 4 quiz

According to the ________, a dream is merely another kind of thinking that occurs when people sleep.

activation-synthesis hypothesis

Night terrors are experienced:

during deep non-REM sleep.

Melatonin supplements are often used to treat:

jet lag

If you are dreaming that a monster is chasing you, the monster is the:

manifest content.

Depressant drugs derived from the opium poppy are called:

narcotics

Jonah is often a victim of bad dreams, frequently centered around being left at a store or getting lost at an amusement park. He sometimes wakes up from them, and calls for his parents to help him calm down. Jonah is experiencing:

nightmares

People under hypnosis:

often do things they would not do under normal circumstances.

The "hidden observer":

remains aware of what is going on during hypnosis.

Paul is a snorer who sometimes gasps for air while sleeping. Paul mostly likely suffers from

sleep apnea

One theory of dreaming says that the brain _________, or puts together, an explanation of the cortex's activation from memories and other stored information.

synthesizes

Freud used dreams as a way to get at patients':

unconscious conflicts stemming from childhood.

A person has entered N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4) sleep when delta waves account for ___ percent or more of brain wave activity.

20

About ___ percent of people are good hypnotic subjects.

40

Nearly ____ percent of a baby's sleep is REM, compared to about ____ percent for a normal, healthy adult.

50; 20

____________ works to change the way people think about the stresses in their lives and react to those stressors, working toward more effective coping without using drugs.

Cognitive-behavioral intervention

_______ causes dehydration and a rise in body temperature.

MDMA

A hypnic jerk is likely to occur during:

N1 (R&K Stage 1).

So-called supernatural visitations can be explained by hypnogogic hallucinations common during:

N1 (R&K Stage 1).

The heart rate slows, breathing becomes more shallow and irregular, and an EEG would show the first signs of sleep spindles in:

N2 (R&K Stage 2).

The body is at its lowest level of functioning during:

N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4).

So-called supernatural visitations can be explained by hypnogogic hallucinations common during:

NREM Stage 1 sleep

______ is a rare disorder in which the mechanism that blocks the movement of the voluntary muscles fails, allowing the person to thrash around and even get up and act out nightmares.

REM behavior disorder

_________ has been used as a successful defense in some murder trials.

REM behavior disorder

The idea that people deprived of REM sleep will become paranoid and seem to be mentally ill is known as the:

REM myth

Which statement about sleep apnea is TRUE?

The person experiencing sleep apnea may stop breathing for 10 seconds or more.

Driving and talking on a cell phone at the same time is an example of a state of:

divided consciousness.

After taking medication for his back, Todd's thoughts become fuzzy and disorganized. Todd is in a state of:

altered consciousness.

Eventually, everyone must sleep due to our

biological rhythms.

Alcoholism has been linked to:

cancer

Both marijuana and hashish contain

cannabinoids

In a(n) __________ view, consciousness is generated by a set of action potentials in the communication among neurons just sufficient to produce awareness.

cognitive neuroscience

Archie believes that people who think they are hypnotized are not actually hypnotized at all. In fact, they are simply acting out everything that they are being told to do by the hypnotist. Archie's way of thinking is similar to which of the following theories?

dissociative theory of hypnosis

According to researchers, men tend to:

have more physical aggression in their dreams than women.

Sleep apnea has been shown to cause:

heart problems

As Jason was watching television late one night, he was startled by the vivid image of his dead grandmother walking toward him. While Jason may believe that he actually saw his deceased grandmother, researchers today are more likely to explain Jason's experience as being _______.

hypnogogic

Many researchers believe that reports of ghostly visions and alien abductions can be explained by __________ during the first stage of sleep.

hypnogogic images

Jaleel was driving home at 7 o'clock in the morning after working a hard eight-hour shift. Along the drive, he would occasionally find himself drifting off into the oncoming lane, becoming alert just in time to avoid a head-on collision. It appears that Jaleel may have been experiencing _______.

microsleeps

When a person is slightly sleep deprived, ________ tasks will suffer less than _______ tasks.

more complex; simple

David often experiences "sleep seizures" during the day. He probably suffers from:

narcolepsy

Last night, Kayla thought she was awakened by a noise she heard outside of her bedroom door. As she tried to get up to see what was going on, she couldn't move. She tried to scream out and couldn't make a sound. After several minutes, she was finally able to sit up and wondered what had just happened. The best explanation for Kayla's experience, according to sleep researchers, is that she experienced ______.

sleep paralysis during REM sleep