Psych Exam 1 Part 3

Atkinson and Shiffrin's classic three-stage model of memory includes all of the following, EXCEPT

A. short-term memory. B. long-term memory. C. flashbulb memory. D. sensory memory ANSWER: C

Which part of the brain is responsible for emotion-related memory formation?

Amygdala

A cognitive psychologist would be most interested in...

Artificial Intelligence

Max is unfamiliar with the timelines he needs to remember for his history class, and he is disinterested in the material. Which of the following will memorization likely require?

Effortful processing

Which refers to the processing of information into the memory system?

Encoding

Many people can easily recall exactly what they were doing when they heard the news of the 9/11 terrorist tragedy. This best illustrates which kind of memory?

Flashbulb

Research shows which of the following does NOT improve memory

Interference

Which of the following does NOT enhance memory?

Massed practice

During her evening Spanish language exam, Janica so easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning that she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates:

Proactive interference

Employing the single word "HOMES" to remember the names of North America's five Great Lakes best illustrates the use of:

a mnemonic device.

Memories of emotional events are especially likely to be facilitated by activation of the:

amygdala.

The inability to form new memories is called

anterograde amnesia

Rabbits fail to learn a conditioned eye-blink response when the _____ is temporarily deactivated during the process of training:

cerebellum.

Vera needs to memorize a new route to work because of a road closure. Instead of memorizing the number of turns and stoplights, she thinks about her favorite stores that she passes on her way. This would be an example of

deep processing.

The extensive rehearsal necessary to encode nonsense syllables best illustrates

effortful processing.

After suffering a brain injury in a motorcycle accident, Adam cannot form new memories. He can, however, remember his life experiences before the accident. Adam's memory difficulty most clearly illustrates

encoding failure

The idea that cues and contexts specific to a particular memory will be effective in helping us recall it, is called

encoding specificity principle

Mr. Nydam suffers amnesia and is unable to remember playing golf on a particular course. Yet the more he plays the course, the more his game improves. His experience illustrates the need to distinguish between:

explicit and implicit memory.

Leonard can remember exactly where he was and how he felt the day his grandmother died; the weather, the time, what activities he was engaged in. Recalling it in such detail makes him feel upset. This is an example of

flashbulb memory.

For a fraction of a second after the lightning flash disappeared, Anna retained a vivid mental image of its ragged edges. Her experience most clearly illustrates the nature of _______ .

iconic memory

If Alana is picturing the words on this slide as she reads them for a fraction of a second (before they fade away), she is likely utilizing (the):

iconic memory

The increase in neuron synaptic firing potential that contributes to memory formation is known as:

long-term potentiation.

Misleading information that has corrupted one's memory of an event is called

misinformation effect

Negative recall primed by distressing emotions most clearly illustrates

mood-congruent memory

The tendency to recall items that appear first on a list is called

primacy effect

Hearing the word "story" may lead people to spell the spoken word "tail" as "t-a-l-e." This best illustrates the outcome of a process known as:

priming

Charity is having trouble remembering the layout of her new dorm room this year because the location of appliances is on the opposite side of the room. Almost by habit, she walks to the wrong side of the room to use them. This is an example of

proactive interference

A measure of your memory in which you need to pick the correctly learned answer from a displayed list of options is known as:

recognition.

An understanding of the spacing effect provides insight into effective strategies for:

rehearsal

The happier Judy is, the more readily she recalls experiences with former teachers who were warm and generous. This best illustrates that emotional states can be:

retrieval cues.

Marie is surprised and frustrated by her momentary inability to remember her own phone number. Her difficulty most clearly illustrates:

retrieval failure.

Ebbinghaus observed that it is much easier to learn meaningful material than to learn nonsense material. This best illustrates the advantage of

semantic encoding.

The correct order of information to travel through the memory system is:

sensory memory short-term memory long-term memory.

When you have to make a long-distance call, dialing an unfamiliar area code plus a seven-digit number, you are likely to have trouble retaining the just-looked-up number. This best illustrates the limited capacity of ________ .

short-term memory

Misattributing whether we heard about, read about, or imagined an event is called

source amnesia

At a block party, Cyndi is introduced to eight new neighbors. Moments later, she can only remember the names of the first three and last two neighbors. Her experience illustrates:

the serial position effect.

The method of loci relies heavily on the use of:

visual encoding.

The difficulty of recalling the melody of a familiar song while listening to a different song best illustrates the limited capacity of:

working memory.