Psych Exam (prior to final)

Anastasia, a young woman with schizophrenia, insists that she hears voices telling her to hide under the bed. Anastasia is displaying ____. Question 14 options: ​a delusion ​thought broadcasting ​a hallucination ​loose association

a hallucination

Your friend is schizophrenic, and you are glad that she lives in modern times because her psychiatrist treats her schizophrenia with ____, whereas fifty years ago she might have been treated with ____. Question 11 options: ​a neuroleptic drug; EST ​an tranquilizing drug; EST ​EST; trephining ​an antidepressant drug; psychosurgery

a neuroleptic drug; EST

According to the biological model, anxiety disorders develop because of ____. Question 12 options: ​some physical condition or disease ​societal pressure to react with anxiety to certain situations ​the learning of coping mechanisms ​a predisposition to suffer severe anxiety

a predisposition to suffer severe anxiety

Whenever Martin sees a cat, he runs away in fear. In fact, Martin can't even look at pictures of cats without experiencing intense feelings of anxiety. Martin appears to be suffering from ____. Question 17 options: ​agoraphobia ​a specific phobia ​a social phobia ​panic disorder

a specific phobia

Valeri is diagnosed with major depression. Her doctor is most likely to prescribe ____ to reduce her depressive symptoms. Question 17 options: ​lithium ​a tricyclic antidepressant ​a tranquilizing drug ​a neuroleptic drug

a tricyclic antidepressant

Which factor is least likely to be a biological cause of depressive and bipolar disorders? Question 18 options: ​mbalances in the brain's neurotransmitters ​abnormally low levels of the stress hormone cortisol ​defects in brain regions involved in mood ​malfunctions of the endocrine system

abnormally low levels of the stress hormone cortisol

Alexia is content to stay in her house because she becomes nervous and afraid when she ventures too far from home. Alexia is probably suffering from ____. Question 4 options: ​agoraphobia ​a specific phobia ​xenophobia ​panic disorder

agoraphobia

Nam has been learning to reduce his test anxiety by using cognitive restructuring. Which thought would be an example of a successful application of his therapy? Question 15 options: ​"I will probably fail this test, so I may as well not worry about it." ​"I will develop a time management plan to make sure I have enough time to study for tests." ​"All I want is to do the best job that I can on this test." ​"I will talk to my friends about my problems more often, instead of keeping them bottled up inside."

all i want is to do the best job that i can on this test

​Hunter began to develop antisocial behaviors around the age of nineteen and his symptoms appear to be worsening. Hunter's uncle visits a community center to learn more about the causes of antisocial personality disorder and learns that one factor that is not contributing to Hunter's behavior is ____. Question 5 options: ​impulsivity ​an increased sensitivity to punishment ​lack of good parental role models ​deficits in his ability to encode, recall, and respond to emotional subject matter

an increased sensitivity to punishment

Claudette suffers from generalized anxiety disorder and sees a therapist twice weekly. While her therapy sessions do help relieve some of her anxiety, she still has much difficulty. Which type of psychoactive drug treatment would probably best help Claudette control her anxiety? Question 7 options: ​neuroleptic drugs ​antidepressant drugs ​lithium ​anxiolytics

antiolytics

When Meera was twelve years old, she began stealing from local stores. Her delinquent behavior continued and became more serious as she entered adulthood. She shows no empathy, guilt, or shame and always tried to manipulate other people with her superficial charm. Which personality disorder is consistent with Meera's behavior? Question 15 options: ​Antisocial ​Schizotypal ​Narcissistic ​Dependent

antisocial

​Rudy has been a troublemaker from a very young age. At the age of nine, he is arrested for vandalism. At the age of thirteen, he forces the family cat to eat a lit firecracker. Now that Rudy is an adult, he has become a serial killer. Rudy is especially dangerous because people generally like him when they first meet him. Rudy most likely has a(n) ____ personality disorder. Question 10 options: ​antisocial ​narcissistic ​avoidant ​schizotypal

antisocial

Werner is a traditional psychoanalyst and is treating Betty for problems with anxiety. Werner's techniques for treatment would probably involve ____. Question 25 options: ​asking Betty to free-associate to parts of a dream ​reflecting Betty's words to show his interest in her and her difficulties ​asking Betty to engage in imaginary dialogues with someone not present to get in touch with her feelings ​training Betty in progressive relaxation techniques

asking betty to free-associate to parts of a dream

Lola works with clients who are overcoming social phobias. She often models appropriate social behaviors and assists clients in learning to express their feelings. Her hope with this kind of ____ is that her clients will feel more comfortable and effective in their daily interactions with others. Question 3 options: ​systematic desensitization therapy ​cognitive restructuring ​flooding ​assertiveness training

assertiveness training

​Your therapist is helping you to overcome irrational thoughts you have developed. Specifically, he asks you to complete "homework" to help you challenge your false beliefs. Your therapist likely adheres to the principles of ____ therapy. Question 5 options: ​object relations ​Beck's cognitive ​client-centered ​Gestalt

beck's cognitive

​Although mental health researchers have disagreed in the past about the causes of disordered behavior, most researchers in Western cultures now agree that the ____ model best explains the appearance of psychopathology. Question 22 options: ​biopsychosocial ​sociocultural ​psychological

biopsychosocial

​To better understand the onset, progression, and treatment of psychological disorders, Phyllis wants to take the most comprehensive and holistic approach. She believes that such an eclectic perspective will most benefit her study. To that end, you should recommend that Phyllis investigate the ____ model of abnormality. Question 8 options: ​vulnerability ​sociocultural ​biopsychosocial ​comorbidity

biopsychosocial

Lewis is depressed for about three months. Now, however, he feels more energetic than normal and starts up several creative projects that he thought he'd never have the motivation to start again. Lewis most likely suffers from ____ disorder. Question 20 options: ​bipolar II ​conversion ​conduct ​major depressive

bipolar II

Serdar is interested in psychopathology and wants to go to graduate school and get a doctoral degree in psychology. His choice would most likely lead him toward a career as a ____. Question 1 options: ​clinical social worker ​psychiatrist ​substance abuse counselor ​clinical psychologist

clinical psychologist

​The creation of a schizophrenia spectrum most directly suggests that ____. Question 7 options: ​schizophrenia may overlap with other disorders, such as dissociative identity disorder ​the five subtype classification system is outdated ​the vulnerability theory is unable to account for all schizophrenia clusters ​clusters of schizophrenia subtypes may develop differently and require different treatment

clusters of schizophrenia subtypes may develop differently and require different treatment

​To help Jenny with her depression, her therapist instructs her to replace her thought, "I must be perfect," with the thought, "I'm a good person and I'm doing the best I can." This technique is most consistent with the assumptions of ____ therapy. Question 14 options: ​psychodynamic ​cognitive behavior ​client-centered ​object relations

cognitive behavior

​"Don't worry about the hidden meanings behind your psychological problems. Just change the way you think and act about them, and you'll get better." This statement best summarizes which therapeutic approach? Question 1 options: ​Gestalt ​humanistic ​psychodynamic ​cognitive behavioral

cognitive behavioral

​"To combat alcoholism we should educate people and help them find jobs and safe homes. Waiting until people turn to alcohol and then giving them therapy to help them quit is a backward approach, to say the least." The person quoted here is probably a ____ psychologist. Question 5 options: ​behavior ​community ​humanistic ​psychodynamic

community

​A law student preparing for the state bar exam underwent a battery of tests for partial paralysis in his dominant hand. Although doctors could find no physical cause for this paralysis, the student was able to postpone the exam. Then, strangely enough, the paralysis subsided. A possible diagnosis could be ____ disorder Question 6 options: ​pain ​dissociative ​conversion ​illness anxiety

conversion

Which statement about the cultural influences on the choice of psychotherapy is true? Question 24 options: ​Researchers have found that matching therapeutic techniques with a client's culturally determined expectations has limited benefits. ​Research has shown that when a client's and therapist's goals are mismatched, more success is seen when the therapist's goals prevail. ​Cultural background has limited impact on therapeutic efficacy. ​Cultural-sensitivity training helps a therapist to set goals that are in harmony with the client's cultural views.

cultural-sensitivity training helps a therapist set goals that are in harmony with the client's cultural views.

​Jamie's sleep patterns have been erratic over the course of the past few months, and she lacks the energy to do anything except lay on her couch. Jamie also feels completely hopeless, and she wonders if life is worth living anymore. Jamie is most likely suffering from ____. Question 11 options: ​major depressive disorder ​pyromania ​mania ​cyclothymic disorder

cyclothymic disorder

Although Ren has never swung a golf club in his life, he is convinced that Tiger Woods has been trying to contact him for golfing advice. Ren's thought most clearly illustrates ____. Question 13 options: ​thought blocking ​loose associations ​thought broadcasting ​delusions of grandeur

delusions of grandeur

When Stephanie hears people speaking Chinese in a Chinese restaurant, she assumes that they are plotting against her. When she opens a fortune cookie, she thinks that the message inside was placed there by the government officials that are following her. Stephanie appears to be experiencing ____. Question 17 options: ​a loose association ​thought broadcasting ​a hallucination ​delusions of persecution

delusions of persecution

St. John's wort is an herbal remedy. It appears that its active substance, hypericin, enhances serotonin activity and acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). If studies show that St. John's wort is effective in treating disorders, it will most likely be used to combat symptoms of ____. Question 13 options: ​schizophrenia ​depression ​generalized anxiety disorder ​conversion disorder

depression

Robert has had major depressive disorder for most of his adult life. As he became older, he would tell his wife that when he uses the kitchen sink, he believes his corpuscles are being washed out of his body. Robert is exhibiting ____. Question 7 options: ​delusions ​hallucinations ​mania ​severe agitation

desusions

​Dr. Lopata favors the object relations methods of psychotherapy. Dr. Lopata's primary goal is to ____. Question 23 options: ​develop a stable, supportive, nurturing relationship with clients ​establish behavioral contracts that define the client's goals and duties during therapy ​teach practical day-to-day skills for living ​use hypnosis to help clients remember dreams

develop a stable, supportive, nurturing relationship with clients

​Ayse and Ali are discussing the causes of the high rate of depression among women. Ali points out how early childhood environment affects women's depression when they encounter stress later in life. On the other hand, Ayse thinks that higher rates of depression among women are solely due to oppression of women in a male-dominated society. Ali seems to adopt a ____ approach, whereas Ayse seems to adopt a ____ approach to causes of depression. Question 4 options: ​biological; psychological ​diathesis-stress; psychological ​sociocultural; psychological ​diathesis-stress; sociocultural

diarrhetic stress; sociocultural

While interviewing Joe, Dr. Willard discovers that Joe has a genetic predisposition for schizophrenia because his uncle and mother had schizophrenia. Dr. Willard also believes the fact that Joe was homeless for several months after being expelled from school and "disowned" by his parents triggered his schizophrenia. Dr. Willard probably follows the ____ model of psychological disorders. Question 15 options: ​medical ​sociocultural ​psychological ​diathesis-stress

diathetic-stress

​After Trung is robbed at gunpoint, he is found wandering around his neighborhood aimlessly. Although he has no physical injuries, he is unable to recall personal information, such as his name or home address. Trung is most likely suffering from ____. Question 6 options: ​dissociative amnesia ​conversion disorder ​dissociative identity disorder ​schizophrenia

dissociative amnesia

​Hector's wife announces that she is taking their children, moving out of their home, and filing for divorce. Hector disappears and six months later, he is found at a location 500 miles from his home, using a different name and not appearing to know his real name or his home address. Hector is displaying ____. Question 3 options: ​dissociative identity disorder ​dissociative amnesia ​conversion disorder ​generalized anxiety disorder

dissociative amnesia

​Bruce is usually a quiet, well-mannered man. On some occasions, however, Bruce acts like a completely different person; he becomes very angry and violent and responds only to the name Hulk. Bruce has no recollection of these recurrent episodes. Bruce probably suffers from ____. Question 9 options: ​conversion disorder ​dissociative amnesia ​dissociative identity disorder ​schizophrenia

dissociative identity disorder

​Researchers are exploring whether a single dimension called the ____ is a common feature in all forms of psychopathology. Question 18 options: ​domain criteria ​D factor ​p factor ​brain factor

domain criteria

​Margaret, a twenty-year-old student, says that she hears a voice constantly saying the phrase "Usher, I would like a seat from which I can see the pianist." Also, she is convinced that she is a creature from another planet sent to Earth to prepare for an alien invasion. Furthermore, Margaret often speaks in rhymes and uses nonsense words that others cannot understand. Some researchers who study the biological bases of psychopathology suggest that the ____ in Margaret's brain shows ____ activity.

dopamine, increased

​Techniques such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have been developed as a safer means than ____ at inducing seizures or treating severe depression Question 9 options: ​thorazine ​positron emission tomography (PET) ​lithium ​electroconvulsive shock therapy (EST)

electroconvulsive shock therapy

​Dr. Schwinn, a clinical psychologist, wants to know if behavior desensitization therapy is an effective treatment for a variety of specific phobias. Moreover, she wants to know scientifically that the benefits of the therapy are the result of the treatment itself, rather than the client's own motivations or merely the passage of time. Based on this knowledge, Dr. Schwinn must be an advocate of ____. Question 8 options: ​the use of congruence ​phenomenological psychology ​the eclectic approach to therapy ​evidence based practices

evidence based practices

​Doctor A.D. Aitchdey conducts research on childhood disorders. Specifically, she wants to learn more about disorders in which the children's behaviors cause disruptions in their environments. Her next project will focus on children with conduct disorder. In other words, Doctor Aitchdey's research is focusing on the ____ category of childhood disorders. Question 25 options: ​differentiated​ ​overcontrolled ​generalized ​externalizing

externalizing

​ ​​Research examining the link between childhood abuse and antisocial personality disorder has found that ____. childhood abuse is the only proven cause of antisocial personality disorder ​nearly all abused children show forms of antisocial personality disorder as adults ​factors not related to child abuse might play a role in the appearance of antisocial personality disorder ​people with antisocial personality disorder are especially likely to sexually abuse children

factors not related to child abuse might play a role in the appearance of antisocial personality disorder

​There are many misunderstandings about suicide. Which statement reflects a fact about suicide? Question 25 options: ​Females are three times more likely to attempt suicide. ​People who talk about suicide will not try it. ​Most people who attempt suicide want to die. ​College students are more likely to attempt suicide than are elderly people.

females are three times more likely to attempt suicide

​When Super Instructor first started teaching, he was terrified of speaking in front of groups. As he began his first lecture, he was so nervous that his voice shook and he felt close to tears. By the end of the lecture, he was calm. His experience is an example of the ____ technique, which is based on ____. Question 18 options: ​systematic desensitization therapy; classical conditioning ​flooding; classical conditioning ​systematic desensitization therapy; extinction ​flooding; extinction

flooding; extinction

​To minimize the cultural biases that may occur during diagnosis, it is suggested that diagnosticians do all of the following except ____. Question 1 options: ​focus less on the concepts of normality and abnormality ​become more aware of cognitive shortcuts that can impair clinical judgments ​diagnose solely based on published criteria and standardized interview formats ​rely less on their own clinical impressions

focus less on the concepts of normality and abnormality

For the last two months Thomas has been worried that something bad is going to happen. He can't pinpoint the source of this feeling, but he is jumpy, irritable, can't sleep, and can't concentrate. His symptoms suggest that he may be suffering from ____ disorder. Question 21 options: ​dissociative ​panic ​generalized anxiety ​conversion

generalized anxiety

​Ivan has been worried for months, but he really cannot pinpoint the source of his concerns. He is also jumpy and irritable, and has difficulty sleeping. Ivan is probably experiencing ____. Question 11 options: ​generalized anxiety disorder ​a phobia ​panic disorder ​somatoform pain disorder

generalized anxiety disorder

​Alberta is a psychologist who is trying to assess whether her patient is exhibiting abnormal behavior. Alberta follows a practical approach. Which of the following will not help Alberta decide if her patient has impaired functioning? Question 2 options: ​content of the behavior ​sociocultural context ​behavioral consequences ​genetic predispositions

genetic predispositions

The vulnerability theory of schizophrenia suggests all of the following except that ____. Question 24 options: ​vulnerability to schizophrenia is mainly biological ​different people have differing degrees of vulnerability ​genetics play virtually no role in the appearance of schizophrenia ​psychological components may help determine whether schizophrenia actually appears

genetics play virtually no role in the appearance of schizophrenia

​A client's body language is most likely to be analyzed by a ____ therapist. Question 4 options: ​Gestalt ​behavioral ​psychodynamic ​client-centered

gestalt

​Horace's therapist says, "Okay, Horace. In your dream, you saw a wall between you and your children. Talk to that wall, tell that wall how you feel about it." Horace is most likely seeing a ____ therapist. Question 12 options: ​psychodynamic ​client-centered ​behavioral ​Gestalt

gestalt

​When medication and talking psychotherapy proves to be ineffective in treating Cameron's depression, doctors choose to use another approach. Cameron most likely ____. Question 2 options: ​is hypnotized and given the posthypnotic suggestion to "be happy." ​is isolated for six hours a day without any visual, auditory, taste, smell, or touch sensations ​has an electrical current passed through his brain, inducing convulsions ​has part of his substantia nigra removed

has an electrical current passed through his brain, inducing convulsions

​Damon is suffering from persistent depressive disorder. We can expect that Damon ____. Question 16 options: ​switches from being somewhat sad to somewhat manic ​probably needs to be hospitalized ​always feels either extremely depressed or extremely manic ​has been feeling somewhat sad and depressed for years

has been feeling somewhat sad and depressed for years.

​Someone with dissociative identity disorder is least likely to ____. Question 2 options: ​have a tendency to show cynical hostility ​have escaped the trauma of abuse by making "new personalities." ​have experienced an event he or she would like to forget ​be skilled at self-hypnosis

have a tendency to show cynical hostility

Therapist: "I trust your judgment regarding continuation of your treatment. I want to help you become aware of your feelings and actions, but I know you can help yourself. I accept and support your decision." Which psychotherapist is most likely to say this? Question 16 options: ​psychodynamic ​humanistic ​biological ​behavioral

humanistic

​Dr. D. Mento tells Marilyn that the source of her problems lies in a blocking of her growth potential. He says he can help her become aware of those blockages if she will take responsibility for her own actions. Mento most likely adheres to which approach to treatment? Question 19 options: ​humanistic ​behavioral ​cognitive

humanistic

​Marie goes to her doctor several times a month. She insists that she has pain in her lower abdomen and believes that her appendix is about to burst. After several visits that showed no signs of physical disorder, Marie's doctor believes that she might suffer from ____. Question 1 options: ​obsessive-compulsive disorder ​generalized anxiety disorder ​conversion disorder ​illness anxiety disorder

illness anxiety disorder

​Alex and Tricia have been married for two years. Recently they felt like they have grown apart. Alex and Tricia plan to attend couples therapy because they know the main goal is to ____. Question 20 options: ​deemphasize how they express their emotions ​determine who is most responsible ​improve their communication ​boost each other's self-confidence

improve their communication

​Dr. Middleton is reevaluating his use of drugs and psychotherapy when working with clients suffering from anxiety or depression. If Dr. Middleton wants to take a conservative strategy, he should begin with ____ and then add or switch to ____ if necessary only. Question 9 options: ​behavior modification; anxiolytic drugs ​anxiolytic drugs; behavior modification ​drug treatment; interpersonal psychotherapy ​interpersonal psychotherapy; drug treatment

interpersonal psychotherapy; drug treatment

​According to Thomas Szasz, the concept of mental illness ____. Question 8 options: ​is inappropriate and harmful ​seems perfectly appropriate ​is appropriate only for behavior disorders with no clear physical basis ​is inappropriate only for organic mental disorders

is inappropriate and harmful

Which drug is commonly used to treat the symptoms of bipolar disorder? Question 7 options: ​Prozac ​anxiolytic drugs ​neuroleptic drugs ​lithium

lithium

You are on an airplane. You turn to the person sitting on your left and ask "Do you fly often?" The person replies, "I'm not rot lot in the beat seat neat, but prominent dominant to my brain drain pain." "I see," you politely respond, easing into the vacant seat on your right. Your new friend has demonstrated ____. Question 3 options: ​delusions ​loose associations ​neologisms ​thought insertion

loose associations

​Two psychologists interview the same patient and give her two different diagnoses. This illustrates the problem of ____. low interrater reliability ​high diagnostic specificity ​statistical conformity ​the neurotic-psychotic distinction

low interrater reliability

​Research on dissociative disorders have offered all of the following conclusions except that ____. Question 15 options: ​people who suffer from these disorders appear to be skilled at self-hypnosis ​dissociations allow people to escape the trauma of abuse ​memory loss and other dissociations tend to not be genuine ​people displaying dissociative identity disorder have experienced traumas they would rather forget

memory loss and other dissociations tend to not be genuine

​Studies have shown that the combination of psychotherapy and drugs is ____ effective than either method alone for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Question 22 options: ​much less ​more ​no more or less ​slightly less

more

​The ____ symptoms associated with schizophrenia include lack of emotion, lack of motivation, and social withdrawal. Question 20 options: ​negative ​delusional ​undifferentiated ​positive

negative

Just before being placed in a mental hospital, Steve told Jane that he was going to "gwobble" her coat to the dry cleaners to get it "senft." What Steve meant was that he was going to take Jane's coat to the dry cleaners to get it dry cleaned. Such signs of disorganized thought are known as ____. Question 23 options: ​neologisms ​loose associations ​word salad ​syllogisms

neoligism

​During a study session, your friend looks up from his notes to give you a confused look. "I wrote the word 'reuptake' in my notes but don't remember what it means." You nod calmly, explaining to your friend that reuptake refers to a process in which ____. Question 6 options: ​more neurotransmitters are released into the synapse ​an enzyme at the synapse breaks down neurotransmitters ​neurotransmitters are transported back into their presynaptic areas ​neurotransmitters continue to stimulate receptors indefinitely

neurotransmitters are transported back into their presynaptic areas.

​Darlene meets Giani at a campus party and thinks that he is cute, but then becomes extremely uncomfortable talking to him because he stands only five inches from her. Giani would be considered abnormal under which criterion?

norm violation

​In a controlled experiment, a new treatment for test anxiety has shown to be effective in reducing treated clients' scores on an anxiety test. However, these clients report that they do not notice a difference in their anxiety after treatment. The change is probably ____. Question 21 options: ​not statistically significant ​not clinically significant ​neither statistically nor clinically significant ​not reliable but valid

not clinically significant

​The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has organized an initiative to focus on ____ that rather than diagnostic labels in order to increase diagnostic validity.

observable behaviors

Grace is sitting in class when, without warning, her heart began to pound, her chest felt tight, and a feeling of dizziness came over her. She felt extremely fearful. Over the next few weeks, the same thing happened several times. Her doctor cannot find anything wrong with her heart. Grace is probably suffering from ____. Question 23 options: generalized anxiety disorder obsessive-compulsive disorder panic disorder a phobia

panic disorder

​Kara thinks that there are enemy agents walking around campus who are putting thoughts and images into her mind. She believes that she then sends these thoughts out to other students and that these other students are secretly laughing at her. It appears that Kara may have ____. Question 2 options: ​paranoid schizophrenia ​dissociative identity disorder ​schizoaffective disorder ​​antisocial personality disorder

paranoid schizophrenia

Aster is a proponent of positive psychology. She believes that the DSM-5 should consider ____. Question 21 options: ​people's strengths and prosocial values ​individual's predispositions toward particular psychological disorders ​using a dimension approach to diagnosis ​cultural influences on psychological disorders

people's strengths and prosocial values

​Holden has been in a sad mood for the last three years. His parents notice that he just does not seem interested in things, does not have any friends, hardly ever seems really happy, and always seems tired. Holden most likely suffers from ____. Question 12 options: ​persistent depressive disorder ​social anxiety disorder ​bipolar disorder ​cyclothymic disorder

persistent depressive disorder

Mr. Garrison spends hours each day having conversations with his hand puppet. Mr. Garrison's behavior would be considered abnormal according to all of the following except the ____. Question 7 options: ​statistical infrequency criterion ​personal suffering criterion ​norm violation criterion ​practical approach

personal suffering criterion

​Ernest is experiencing the following symptoms: hallucinations of rabid ostriches attacking him, beliefs that the Superbowl will be won based on his wearing one team's jersey over any other, and beliefs that his dog is preventing his thoughts. These are examples of ____ symptoms of schizophrenia. Question 17 options: ​positive ​negative ​affective ​undifferentiated

positive

​Dr. Noonan believes that psychological disorders are the result of unresolved unconscious conflicts from childhood. For example, she believes that panic attacks occur when a person's instinctual impulses become too overwhelming. Dr. Noonan believes in the ____ approach to psychopathology. Question 13 options: ​psychodynamic ​humanist ​cognitive-behavioral ​diathesis-stress

psychodynamic

Which therapy is developed to treat mental disorders by using procedures that destroy brain tissue? Question 6 options: ​psychosurgery ​electroconvulsive shock therapy ​magnetic seizure therapy ​repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

psychosurgery

Victoria has symptoms of both depression and schizophrenia. Victoria probably has ____. Question 11 options: ​delusional disorder ​schizophreniform disorder ​bipolar disorder ​schizoaffective disorder

schizoaffective disorder

​When Bach talks, his words are meaningless. He giggles for no reason and makes ritualistic movements while hallucinating. He is most likely suffering from ____. Question 13 options: ​dissociative identity disorder ​social anxiety disorder ​bipolar disorder ​schizophrenia

schizophrenia

​Maggie, a five-year-old, is constantly worried that she will be lost, kidnapped, or injured, or that some harm may come to Marge or Homer, her parents. Maggie clings to her mother and becomes sick or upset at the prospect of any separation. Maggie is most likely suffering from ____. Question 8 options: ​an externalizing disorder ​separation anxiety disorder​ ​autistic disorder ​ADHD

separation anxiety disorder

​Biological, psychological, and social factors have all been suggested as contributing to somatic symptoms disorders. For example, illness anxiety disorder has been associated with abnormal ____. Question 16 options: ​social skills ​cognitive factors ​serotonin functioning ​genetics

serotonin functioning

​You would be more biologically prepared to have a ____ phobia than a(n) ____ phobia.

snake, book

​Elmer has been diagnosed with schizophrenia by his psychiatrist on the basis of exhibiting positive symptoms. Elmer has not shown any of the negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia. Therefore, Elmer has likely not exhibited ____. Question 14 options: ​hallucinations​ ​delusions ​social withdrawal ​disorganized thoughts

social withdrawal

Mrs. Burger decides to take her son Neal to a psychologist because he constantly picks his nose in public. Which of the following would be emphasized in a behavioral assessment of Neal's problem? Question 8 options: ​Internal conflicts about identity ​The frequency of nose-picking behavior ​Feelings about authority figures ​Unconscious hostility toward his siblings

the frequency of nose-picking behavior

Which form of technology is currently being utilized for the purpose of conducting group therapy meetings? Question 10 options: ​The Internet video games ​cell phones ​satellites

the internet

​Cally is taking her psychology final exam. She is concerned that the students sitting around her can cheat by hearing her thoughts. "Everything I think is available for everyone to hear," she explains. Cally is most likely describing ____, which is a symptom of ____. Question 6 options: ​thought insertion; schizophrenia ​thought insertion; bipolar disorder ​thought broadcasting; schizophrenia ​thought broadcasting; bipolar disorder

thought broadcasting; schizophrenia

​Marlon was involved in a terrible car accident and now suffers from posttraumatic stress disorder. Marlon's psychiatrist will most likely prescribe ____ to reduce his anxiety. Question 2 options: ​antidepressant drugs ​tricyclics ​neuroleptic drugs ​tranquilizing drugs

tranquilizing drugs

​In the course of therapy, Dr. Smith takes great care to let her clients feel that they are good people no matter what they say or do. Dr. Smith is demonstrating ____. Question 3 options: ​empathy ​conditions of worth ​reflections of self-worth ​unconditional positive regard

unconditional positive regard

​Part of client-centered therapy consists of the therapist treating the client as a valued person, regardless of what the client says or does. Approval is not necessary, but acceptance without judgment is. Which of the following therapist attitudes does this describe? Question 4 options: ​empathy ​genuineness ​congruence ​unconditional positive regard

unconditional positive regard

​Leonard suffers from schizophrenia and lives in an institution. One day he walked up to one of the staff members and said, "Humble ports on the window overlook flying dunk myriad nevertheless honcho overload." Leonard's speech is an example of ____. Question 1 options: ​neologisms ​word salad ​delusions ​loose associations

word salad

​Thomas Szasz has argued that it is wrong to diagnose people as having psychological disorders. Rather, he suggests that people have problems in living. He presents several arguments about why this is a better approach to take. Which of the following is not an argument presented by Szasz? Question 20 options: ​Labels are useless because it is more likely that a person will receive an incorrect diagnosis than it is that they will receive a correct diagnosis. ​Labeling a person as "sick" puts that person in an inferior position. ​Once you label people, they take on the role of "patient" and stop trying to help themselves because they are expected to follow orders and wait for a cure. ​Once a person has a diagnosis with a poor prognosis, giving up on her or her is easier.

Labels are useless because it is more lily that a person will receive an incorrect diagnosis than it is that they will receive a correct diagnosis.

​Edison believes that all psychological disorders have anatomical or chemical causes. He is interested in research that would help to uncover the genetic influences of such disorders. Edison must support the ____ model of psychopathology. Question 5 options: ​social-cognitive ​medical ​psychological ​biopsychosocial

Medical

​Which reasoning is least valid in explaining the misdiagnosis of psychological problems? Question 19 options: ​People's problems often don't fit neatly into a single category. ​Few guidelines exist for what constitutes "clinically significant impairment." ​The DSM-5 may not account for cultural differences in how distress is expressed. ​There is no accepted diagnostic classification system.

There is no accepted diagnostic classification system

How does addiction to psychoactive substances differ from substance abuse? Question 14 options: ​Addiction is a more severe form of substance abuse. ​Addiction is a physical need, while substance abuse can stem from a psychological need. ​Addiction does not result in the building of tolerance. ​Addiction leads to serious medical problems while substance abuse does not.

Addiction is a physical need, while substance abuse can stem from a psychological need.