Psychology Ch 12

According to the two factor theory, the two basic components of emotional are ___ and ___

A cognitive label, physical arousal

According to the James Lange theory, we exp emotion ____ we notice our physiological arousal. According to the cannon bard theory we exp emotion ____ we become physiologically aroused.

After, at the same time as

Who thought that the patterns of physiological arousal that accompany emotion are lot distinctly different enough to account for our many different states of emotion?

All of these people

Our most rapid and automatic emotional responses may result from the routing of sensory input through the thalamus directly to the

Amygdala

Rabbits tend to react with fear to a signal of impending shocked if they have suffered damage to the part of the brain called the

Amygdala

People are especially good at quickly detecting facial expressions of

Anger

Which if the following brain areas became especially active when a research participant lied about holding a five of clubs?

Anterior cingulate cortex

The feel good, do good phenomenon refers to the fact that when people feel happy they

Are more willing to help others

The guilty knowledge test is typically used to

Assess a suspects responses to details of a crime

The loss of an arm in an automobile accident is likely to ___ A persons long-term feelings of life satisfaction. Winning $1 million casino jackpot is likely to ___ a persons long-term feelings of life satisfaction

Decrease, increase

The right prefrontal cortex is more active than the left prefrontal cortex when people exp ___

Disgust

Incrd activity in the right prefrontal cortex is to ___ as incrd activity to the left frontal lobe is to ___

Disgust, joy

Which of the following research findings is consistent with the James Lange theory of emotion?

Distinctly diff patterns of brain activity are associated with distinctly diff emotions

Imitating another person's facial expression of emotion is most likely to facilitate

Empathy

A hormone that incr heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in times of emergency is

Epinephrine

It has been suggested that baring the teeth is universally associated with the expression anger because this ability to convey threats has helped humans survive. This suggestion best illustrates the

Evolutionary perspective

Chiana and her husband both want to feel and express greater warmth and affection for each other. They would be advised to spend time looking intently at one another's

Eyes

Repeatedly saying the word me puts people in a better mood than repeatedly saying you. This illustrates the

Facial feedback effect

A polygraph examination of a suspected murderer included an assessment of his reaction to a detailed description of the victims clothing and death wounds- details that would be known only to a person at the scene of a crime. The investigators were using the

Guilty knowledge test

A psychologist would have the greatest difficulty differentiating btwn anger and fear by monitoring the ___ associated with each

Heart rates

The emotion of rage is characterized by negative valence and ___ arousal

High

The emotion of fear is sometimes accompanied by ___ that differ from those that accompany rage

Hormone secretions and finger temperatures

People from different cultures are most likely to differ with respect to

How they interpret hand gestures such as the thumbs up signal

The fact that ppl from widely diff cultures display and interpret facial expressions of emotion in a similar manner best illustrate the impact of

Human genetic similarities

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system ___ respiration and ___ salivation

Incr, decr

During the last four decades, the buying power of Americans has__ and their self-reported personal happiness has__

Incr, remained almost unchanged

Employees who have just been laid off or asked questions that encourage them to express hostility towards their employer. Research suggests that this opportunity to vent anger will

Increase their hostility

In which country are ppl most likely to convey visible facial expressions of their inner feelings?

India

The parasympathetic nervous system is to the sympathetic nervous system as ___ is to ___

Inhibition of digestion, activation of digestion

Research on the nonverbal expression of emotion indicates that

Introverts are better than extroverts at recognizing nonverbal expressions of emotion in others

Rosario is upset with her husband for not putting his dirty clothes in the laundry basket. Anger experts would most likely recommend that she deal with her frustration by saying to him

It annoys me that you leave your dirty clothes for me to pick up

Research has shown that neck level spinal cord injuries reduce the intensity of certain emotional exps. This finding supports the

James Lange theory

The fact that facial expressions of emotion tend to intensified the experience of emotion serves to support the

James Lange theory

Cassandra's mother told her, "You know you are in love when your heart beats fast and you exp that unique trembling feeling inside." This remark best illustrates the ______ theory of emotion.

James-lange

Which of the following children is most likely to calm down emotionally shortly after venting his anger

Jeremiah, who attacks his irritating younger brother for spitting at him

The level of physiological arousal typically associated with peak performance tends to be

Lower on tasks that are well learned

We find it especially hard to detect from other peoples facial expressions whether they are

Lying

The diminishing returns phenomenon is familiar to economists as diminishing

Marginal utility

People moment to moment positive moods tend to be highest near the ___ hours of their waking day and their moment to moment negative moods tend to be highest near the ___ hours of their waking day

Middle, later

Compared with men, women are ___ effective in discerning whether someone is telling a lie, and they are ___ effective in discerning which of two people in a photo is the other's supervisor

More, more

Electrical stim of the ___ has been observed to trigger smiling and laughter in depressed patients

Nucleus accumbens

In one experiment, college men were injected with epinephrine before spending time with either a joyful or an irritated person. The results of this experiment support the idea that

Our exp of emotion depends on how we interpret the body's arousal

After receiving very bad news, people ___ the duration of their negative emotions

Overestimate

When her son fails to arrive home as expected, Elena fears he has been in an accident. Both her heart and respiration rate remain elevated until she sees him come safely through the door. Her body soon returns to normal due to the ____ nervous syst

Parasympathetic

Which division of the nervous systems calms the body after an emergency has passed?

Parasympathetic

Research on human fear indicates that

People seen to be biologically predisposed to learn some fears more quickly than others

The two factor theory of emotion would have difficulty explaining why a

Person automatically fears snakes even though he thinks they are attractive and harmless

Boyd, a suspect on a criminal investigation, has agreed to take a lie detector test. The machine used in this test is most likely to measure his

Perspiration level

When shown a face with an evenly mixed expression of fear and anger, ___ children were much quicker than other children to see anger

Physically abused

The ANS regulates the ___ that accompanies different emotions

Physiological arousal

For purposes of lie detection, investigators have most commonly made use of a

Polygraph

Rapid fear reactions to sensory input in the absence of conscious thought are possible because certain neural pathways bypass the

Prefrontal cortex

Jed wants his roommate Dante to help him study for a Physics test. Dantes most likely to want to help after he has

Received an a on his psychology test

According to the catharsis hypothesis, retaliating against someone who provokes us can calm us down because retaliation

Reduces the spillover effect

Subjective well-being refers to

Self perceived happiness

Scientists have isolated a gene that influences the amygdala's response to frightening situations. People with the short version of this gene have high levels of ___ available to activate amygdala neurons

Serotonin

When confronted by an armed robber, your emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by

Slowing of digestion

In their dispute over the role of cognition in emotion, both Zajone and Lazarus agree that

Some emotional reactions involve no conscious thinking

Evidence that ppl can develop an emotional preference for stimuli to which they have been unknowingly exposed has convinced Robert Zajone that

Sometimes emotion precedes cognition

Lee was momentarily terrified as a passing automobile nearly side swept his car. When one of his passengers joked that he had almost had a two color car, lee laughed uncontrollably. Lees emotional volatility best illustrates the

Spillover effect

The two factor theory of emotion was proposed by

Stanley and Jerome

10 distinct and basic emotions were identified by

Stanley schachter

people are likely to experience higher levels of____ if they seek to contribute to their communities rather than simply strive for personal wealth and power

Subjective well being

As her professor distributed the math test to the class, Blair's heart started to pound and her palms began to sweat. These reactions were activated by her ____ nervous system

Sympathetic

Enjoying your second piece of pie less than your first illustrates

The Gen. adaptation syndrome

People experience a mooch shift when they switch from taking short shuffling steps to taking long strides and swinging their arms by their side. This best illustrates

The behavior feedback phenomenon

As people exp negative emotions

The right prefrontal cortex becomes more electrically active

People often overestimate the clarity of their intentions in their emails because they underestimate the importance of ___ in communication

Tones of voice

A therapist tells a patient who is afraid of elevators that his rapid breathing while on an elevator is not due to fear but is a natural consequence of too little oxygen in a small enclosed space. With this new interpretation of his arousal, the patient no longer dreads elevators. The reduction in the patients fear is best understood in terms of the

Two factor theory

Noticing that his heart was pounding and his palms were sweaty while taking a test, Marley concluded that he was anxious. Noticing that that the same things happened when a lady asked him to dance, Harley concluded that he was falling in love. The differing emotions expd by Harley can best be explained by the

Two factor theory

The spillover effect is best explained in terms of the

Two factor theory

The basic components of emotion are

expressive behaviors and physiological arousal

The James Lange theory of emotion states that

to experience emotion is to be aware of our physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event

Test performance is typically ___ when physiological arousal is ___

Best, moderate

In terms of ability to recognize others' facial expressions of emotion, introverts do ___ than extroverts and women do ___ than men.

Better, better

Research on nonverbal communication indicates that

Blind children who have never observed others demonstrate normal facial expressions of emotion

Ever since Lupe was scolded and punished by her teacher for misbehaving, she is been fearful of being near the teacher. This best illustrates that fear

Can be learned

Most young children are fearful of bees, even though they have never been stung by one. This best illustrates that fear

Can be learned through observation

Tranquilizing drugs that inhibit SNS activity often reduce ppl's subjective exp of intense anxiety. Which theory would have the greatest difficulty explaining this effect?

Cannon bard

According to the ____, you would be able to exp emotion even without SNS arousal.

Cannon bard theory

A psychotherapist suggests that Theresa can effectively reduce the anger she feels toward her ex-boyfriend by tearing pictures of him into little pieces. This therapeutic technique is based on the

Catharsis hypothesis

Charles Darwin's suggestion that violent gestures increase one's anger is most inconsistent with the

Catharsis hypothesis

The two factor theory of emotion places more emphasis on the importance of ____ than does the James Lange theory

Cognitive activity

Researchers attempt to understand emotions using biological, psychological and social cultural levels of analysis. The psychological level of analysis is especially likely to emphasize the importance of

Cognitive labeling

According to the cannon bard theory, the body's arousal is related to the SNS in the same way that subjective awareness of emotion is related to the

Cortex

Unlike a low road brain pathway, the high road for emotional responses extends through the

Cortex

The idea that an emotion arousing stimulus is simultaneously route to the cortex and to the SNS is central to the

cannon bard theory

People tend to describe their experienced emotions along the two dimensions of

Valence and arousal

A friend's misdeed is especially likely to trigger feelings of anger if the misdeed is perceived as

Willful

Who suggested that "we feel sorry because we cry...afraid because we tremble"?

William James