Psychology: Chapter 12: Stress, Coping, and Health

Rueben is sitting in traffic on a busy freeway. Reuben is experiencing a ____.

daily hassle

High levels of adrenaline and corticosteroids in the body for prolonged periods of time ____.

damage the heart and lessen the effectiveness of the immune system

Immunosuppression refers to ____.

dampening of the immune system function in response to stress

Altering the way you think or feel in order to reduce stress is most likely to occur in ____.

emotion-focused coping

Immunosuppression is most closely associated with which stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

exhaustion

"Focusing on the half of the glass that is full is better for your health than focusing on the half that is empty." This statement reflects an adaptive coping strategy called ____.

optimistic attitude

The most effective tool to reduce the number of smokers appears to be ____.

prevention

Physical exercise has been shown to ____.

reduce both the physical and emotional effects of stress

When a person evaluates what must be done to cope with or manage the stressor, they are engaged in ____.

secondary appraisal

By the time a person has reached the exhaustion stage in the body's reaction to stress, the ____.

stressor has overwhelmed the body

Those with a hardy personality ____.

tend to view stressors as challenges rather than threats

Which is the correct sequence of stages in Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Martin Seligman's initial research on learned helplessness was done with ____.

Dogs

Which of the following is a typical reaction of the body in response to a perceived stressor?

The adrenal gland releases corticosteroids.

Primary appraisal refers to ____.

a person's initial interpretation of an event

Problem-focused coping is designed to ____.

alter the environment that is causing the stress

Problem-focused coping is more likely to be used when the problem is perceived to be ____, whereas emotion-focused coping is more likely to be used when the problem is perceived to be ____. Question options:

controllable; uncontrollable

Which student is most likely to catch a virus during the final examination period?

​Chris, who has a high level of stress and who is socially isolated

Of the following, which personality characteristic is most associated with the risk of a heart attack?

​hostility