Psychology Concept Reviews Chapter 1
I compare problem-solving strategies in the United States and China. Perspective, Specialty
Cross-cultural, Cognitive Psychology
Being informed that housekeeping tasks were good exercise
independent variable
The physical changes that could be directly attributed to being told that housekeeping tasks provided healthy exercise.
main effect
Fake capsules that were identical in appearance to the actual ginkgo biloba capsules.
placebo
I am currently studying the role that forgiveness plays in family relationships. I want to examine the extent to which forgiveness fosters the development of a healthy family environment and positive individual traits. Perspective, Specialty
Positive Psychology, Counseling Psychology
I study brain development in infants. Perspective, Specialty
Biological, Developmental Psychology
Psychology should study how behavior and mental processes allow organisms to adapt to their environments. School/Approach, Founder
Functionalism, William James
A psychologist discovers that as negative life events increase, episodes of depression also increase. The psychologist concludes that there is a _____ between negative life events and episodes of depression.
positive correlation
Dr. Romano conducts an in-depth interview and gives extensive psychological tests to an individual who claims to have been abducted by aliens. Dr. Romano is using ______ in this investigation.
case study method
Psychology should emphasize each person's unique potential for psychological growth and self-directedness. School/Approach, Founder
Humanistic Psychology, Carl Rogers
Researchers have found that the more credit cards people have, the less money they tend to have in their savings accounts. These researchers have discovered a _____ between the number of credit cards and the amount of savings.
negative correlation
The fact that neither the participants nor the researchers who interacted with them knew which participants received the real ginkgo biloba and which received the fake ginkgo biloba.
double-blind technique
If several participants in the hotel experiment control group had lost weight due to a contagious intestinal virus
extraneous variable
I develop programs to help people modify unhealthy eating habits, focusing on the environmental cues that trigger overeating. Perspective, Specialty
Behavioral, Health Psychology
I compare mate selection patterns in primitive and modern societies. Perspective, Specialty
Evolutionary, Social Psychology
A psychologist is interested in what hospital staff members say about their patients in public. His research assistants spend four hours riding elevators in various hospitals and unobtrusively recording the public conversations. This psychologist is using _____.
Naturalistic observation
I investigate the early life experiences of people who seek psychotherapy for symptoms of depression. Perspective, Specialty
Psychedynamic, Clinical Psychology
Human behavior is strongly influenced by unconscious sexual and aggressive conflicts. School/Approach, Founder
Psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud
Psychology should scientifically investigate observable behaviors that can be measured objectively and should not study consciousness or mental processes. School/Approach, Founder
Behaviorism, John Watson
Psychology should focus on the elements of conscious experiences, using the method of introspection. School/Approach, Founder
Structuralism, Edward Titchener
The participants who were not told that housekeeping tasks provide healthy exercise
control group
A psychologist is using police reports and weather reports to determine whether there is any relationship between the frequency of arrests for aggressive behavior and the temperature. She is using ____ to study this relationship.
correlational research
Weight, blood pressure, body mass index, and other physical health measures of the hotel housekeeping staff
dependent variable
The improvement that occurred from simply having taken the tests of memory, concentration, and mental focus twice.
practice effect
Having an equal chance of being assigned to one of the different experimental conditions in both the ginkgo and hotel experiments.
random assignment