Psychology Final Review
Who defined stress as, "the response of the body to any demand, whether it is caused by, or results in, pleasant or unpleasant conditions"?
Hans Selye
A stressor is likely to be appraised as a threat when someone ________.
anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence
A panic disorder is a type of ________ disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks.
anxiety
______________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.
anxiety
Which childhood disease is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behaviors or interests?
autism spectrum disorder
Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________
being outside the home alone
The concept of perceived control refers to ________.
beliefs about the capacity to influence and shape outcomes in our lives
Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.
cognitive
A psychological disorder is a __________.
condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
A high-stress job, overcrowding, and long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologists conceptualize stress as a ________.
demanding or threatening event or situation
Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder.
dissociative identity
___________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating.
distress
___________ is the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.
eustress
The Center for Investigating Healthy Minds conducts rigorous academic research on ________.
healthy aspects of the mind, such as kindness, forgiveness, compassion, and mindfulness
What triggers the secondary appraisal of a stressor?
how a threat is perceived
Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?
lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds
The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and __________.
meditation
People with ___________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.
obsessive-compulsive
Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?
orbitofrontal cortex
________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.
paranoid
Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________
phobia
Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________.
positive outlook and positive expectations
Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives?
positive psychology
Which type of appraisal involves judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail?
primary
Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?
schizophrenia
A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ________.
stressor
