Psychology, The Brain
a new animal is discovered that is more sensitive to pain in its toes than its fingers. If we were to examine the brain of this animal we would notice that
The parietal lobe would have more brain area devoted to the toes than the fingers
the central nervous system consists of the
brain and spinal cord
the wrinkly surface of the brain is called the
cerebral cortex
limbic system
collection of structures involved in processing emotion and memory
hindbrain
division of the brain containing the medulla, pons, and cerebellum
midbrain
division of the brain located between the forebrain and the hindbrain; contains the reticular formation
Hypothalamus
forebrain structure that regulates sexual motivation and behavior and a number of homeostatic processes; serves as an interface between the nervous system and the endocrine system
the motor cortex sends messages to specific regions of the body to create movement. In which part of the cerebral cortex is it located?
frontal lobe
Grandma had a stroke that damaged her left frontal lobe. We can expect she will
have difficulty controlling movements on the right side of her body
The medulla, pons, and cerebellum are collectively called the
hindbrain
medulla
hindbrain structure that controls automated processes like breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate
cerebellum
hindbrain structure that controls our balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills, and it is thought to be important in processing some types of memory
An impairment of eating, drinking, temperature regulation, or sexual behavior suggests possible damage to the
hippocampus
David was hospitalized after a car accident, and due to injury to his ________, he has trouble with newer memories but still retains older memories.
hippocampus
What is the brain structure that performs a variety of functions, including the regulation of hunger and sexual behavior?
hypothalamus
Wernicke's area
important for speech comprehension (understanding speech)
hemisphere
left or right half of the brain
the visual cortex processes visual information. In which part of the cerebral cortex is it located?
occipital lobe
the somatosensory cortex is an area just behind the motor cortex that receives information from the skinś sensory receptors and movements from different body parts. in which part of the cerebral cortex is it located?
parietal lobe
temporal lobe
part of cerebral cortex associated with hearing, memory, emotion, and some aspects of language; contains primary auditory cortex- comprehension, sound, speech
occipital lobe
part of the cerebral cortex associated with visual processing; contains the primary visual cortex- information related to sight
parietal lobe
part of the cerebral cortex involved in processing various sensory and perceptual information; contains the primary somatosensory cortex- sense of touch, body position
frontal lobe
part of the cerebral cortex involved in reasoning, motor control, emotion, and language; contains motor cortex- speaking, planning, judging, abstract thinking, personality aspects
Carbon monoxide poisoning often damages the occipital lobe of the brain. What might we expect when this part of the brain is damaged?
problems processing visual info
Broca's area
region in the left hemisphere that is essential for language production (produce speech)
the left hemisphere of the brain controls
right side of the body
thalamus
sensory relay for the brain
amygdala
structure in the limbic system involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories
Hippocampus
structure in the temporal lobe associated with learning and memory
Which is not a structure of the forebrain?
substantia nigra
cerebral cortex
surface of the brain that is associated with our highest mental capabilities - separated by folds called fissures
Gretchen recently reported randomly hearing songs, and voices from the past. An MEG (magnetoencephalography) revealed she had a tumor causing neurons in the ________ lobe to occasionally fire at random, triggering these auditory illusions.
temporal
the auditory cortex is responsible for hearing and language. in which part of the cerebral cortex is it located?
temporal lobe
The ________ is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing.
thalamus
the significance of the lesion study of Phineas Gageś damaged brain is that it provided evidence that
the frontal lobe is involved in controlling personality traits, emotions, and moral reasoning abilities
Damage to the ________ disrupts one's ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one's ability to produce words intact.
wernickeś area
Which is primarily responsible for regulating our perceptions of and reactions to aggression and fear?
amygdala
prefrontal cortex
area in the frontal lobe responsible for higher-level cognitive functioning
