PTH 121 Muscle Performance

Muscle Fatigue (1)

Acute physiological response to exercise that is normal and reversible

Muscle Endurance

Also known as local endurance

Cardiopulmonary Endurance

Also known as total body endurance; repetitive, dynamic motor activities like cycling, walking, swimming

Reversibility Principle

Detraining begins a week or two after cessation of resistance exercises

Muscle (local) Fatigue

Diminished response of muscle to a repeated stimulus

Clinical Signs of Muscle Fatigue

Pain, cramping, shaking or trembling, slowed velocity, use of substitute motions

Intensity

Refers to how much external resistance is imposed on a muscle

Volume

Refers to repetitions, sets or frequency of exercise

Key Elements of Muscle Performance

Strength, Endurance, Power

Endurance Training (endurance exercise)

Systematic practice of using muscle force to raise, lower or control a light external load for many repetitions over an extended period of time

Strength Training (strengthening exercise)

Systematic practice of using muscle force to raise, lower or control heavy loads for relatively low reps or over a short time period

Cardiopulmonary (general) Fatigue

Systemic diminished response; related to the body's ability to use oxygen efficiently

Muscle Endurance (1)

The ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly against an external load, generate and sustain tension, and resist fatigue over extended period of time

Functional Strength

The ability of the neuromuscular system to produce the appropriate amount of force during activities in a smooth and coordinated manner

Muscle Performance

The capacity of a muscle to do work (force x distance)

Muscle Strength Broad term

The extent that contractile elements of muscle produce force

Muscle Strength (1)

The greatest measurable force exerted during a single maximal effort

SAID Principle

(specific adaptation to imposed demand) To improve a specific muscle performance element, the resistance program must match the element

Endurance

Ability to perform repetitive or sustained activities over a prolonged period of time

3 Energy Systems of the body

Aerobic, Anaerobic/Glycolytic/lactic acid, and ATP-PC

Resistance Exercise

An activity in which dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force applied manually or mechanically

Muscle Fatigue (2)

Characterized by a gradual decline in the force-producing capacity of the neuromuscular system

Muscle Power

Defined as work (force x distance) produced per unit of time

Overload (1)

Exercise must be done in the context of the underlying pathology, pt. age, stage of tissue healing, pt. response and overall abilities

Overload Principle

If muscle performance is to improve, a resistance load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied